Cəssın/Lexicon

808 words.

lexeme	morphology	PoS	gloss	etymology
agaŋ		n	position, place	egág 'put' (v)
ahnon		n	person of Affanon ethnicity	afanon
akara		v.it	stay; continue	ekádə 'persist'
akarga		adv	still	(akara + -ga)
algul		cj	despite	algo lu
alza		adj	clean	elje
ammu		v.mt	seize; confiscate	WF ammu
anara		v.mt	feel (of emotions)	enǽdə
apaga		v.mt	claim; pretend	epágal 'exaggerate' (-l reanalyzed as desiderative inflection)
apagga		n	longitude	epágægə 'distance'
ara		n	woman	azə
aşan		qu	very much, abundant; in excess	ešǽd 'much'
ägrem		v.mt	close, lock; prohibit	(back-formation from akremu 'wax' (via 'seal'))
ägrömö		n	lock, seal	akremu 'wax'
älegrö		n	legal precedent	alégadu 'constitution'
ällö		n	city	ædelu
älnin		adj	rebellious, troublesome	WF alnin 'disorder, lawlessness'
älppö		n	craftsman	alpobu
äre		aux	(permanent copula)	æde 'stays'
ärilbö		n	rebel, traitor	arélibu 'dissident'
ätelö		n	storehouse	atelo
Ävlinni		top	Affalinnei	Aff. affalinnei
å		cj	and (used mainly within syntactic constituents)	ouwa
åggın		adj	calm, quiet	wagaga 'peaceful' + -in (adjectivizer)
ållo		cj	that (complementizer)	(merger of wa lu, ouwa lu, al lu, we lu, and wætə lu)
ålu		n	flower	alóu
åm		n	right side; starboard (of a ship)	oæm
ånna		pp.post	to the right of	(loc of åm 'right side')
åşə	(irr.)	pron	this one	wašə
åta		n	humor, wit	uəta
åtasə		v.mt	entertain, amuse; be eloquent	uəta esé 'bleed humor'
bå		cj	or	boa
båra		v.mt	listen to; heed, obey	buədə
beryö		n	father	badew
benä		v.it	be dependent on	bæna 'beg, supplicate'
bepön		adj	dumb, retarded, uncultured	bepo + -in (adjectivizer)
bicä		n	leg	beiča
bo		num	four	bu
boro		n	territory; district, borough	bæru 'real estate, land holdings'
bovo		n	anchor; support	bæbu (metaphorical usage influenced by bæbur 'strong')
boza		v.mt	buy	Ndd. bårëda 'acquire'
bögrin		adj	loyal, trustworthy; obedient	boéigur 'respect' + -in(adjectivizer)
bön	bör-	n	son	boéd
böŋ	bög-	n	bay, inlet	boíg
böye		n	latitude	boéiægə
böyör		n	loyalty; duty	boéigur 'respect'
brinne		n	face	Feråjin *brenni (cf. Far. bran)
bugas		n	captain (of a ship)	baogas
bunna		pp.post	in back of	(loc of buŋ 'back side')
buŋ	bug-	n	back (side), stern	bougə
bus		n	ox	bous
buska		n	political leader	baoteka 'army commander'
buşın		adj	unlucky, unfortunate	bewšin
buto		v.mt	reach, arrive at	bouto 'pierce, penetrate'
buzzo		n	uncle	baobadew
bü		n	star	boéi
bünte		n	navigation	boéimate
bünzi		n	result, outcome; benefit	buŋišə 'reward'
büste		n	orgy, debauchery	boéisti
büviş		adj	cozy, comfortable	bubiš 'warm'
büvö		pp	between, among	beibu
büvössä		n	whore, prostitute	beibulsa 'vagina'
ca		num	one	če
calcı		v.it	be dispreferred	čelč 'danger' (via 'be dangerous')
calo		n	school, academy	čælo
camə		v.mt	study (on a scholarly level)	čæme 'study, learn'
camal		n	knowledge	ičǽməl
canıssu		n	emigrant; refugee	WF čanizzu 'one who has been exiled'
caŋ		adj	specific	čega 'only, sole'
cagoş		n	unique specimen; the only one of a kind	(caŋ + -oş: 'that which is specific')
cän		n	fire	čæn
cänze		v.it	be furious	čæn esé 'bleed fire'
cenze		n	lightning; flame	tiəŋišə 'flash, spark'
cəlo		n	basket; any medium-sized container	čilo 'bushel'
cılcın		adj	fierce, dangerous	čelčin
cılı		n	teacher	čeilə
cıno		v.dt	ask, inquire about (person asked takes genitive)	čeino
cıŋ		v.it	go, walk, move	čeiŋ
coskıvo		n	enemy, opponent	čosk 'hostile' + -bu 'person'
coto		v.it	spit	čutu
covorın		adj	impatient, premature; stupid	učébur 'rush foolishly into sth.' + -in (adjectivizer)
cöşös		adj	harmful, detrimental	češus 'unreliable, risky, unhealthy'
cuk		n	king	čaok
cuksa		n	queen	čaoksa
cyan		v.mt	marry	čiən
cyapa		v.it	whine, complain	čiəpal (-l reanalyzed as desiderative inflection)
cyava		v.mt	connect, link	čiəba 'tie'
cyoc		adj	angry, furious	keoč
cyoçummo		n	protagonist; person-in-charge	čæšum 'powerful, great' + -bu 'person'
cyono		n	husband	čiənu
cyota		v.mt	capture	kreota
cyoto		adj	benevolent, generous, kind	čiətu
cyotorun		n	patron, sponsor	čiətu rud 'benevolent man'
cyovın		adj	wise, learned	čeobu 'student, scholar' + -in (adjectivizer)
cyuma		adj	prospective, in spe	Aff. tsjuma 'in the future, imminent'
cyusu		n	flatfish	Tak. kjusuhu
çan		v.mt	drink	siən
Çarah		n	the classical Huyfárah empire	Huyfárah
çava		adj	rotten	hiəwa
çäten		adj	different, distinct	hiəteŋ (-ŋ > -n by analogy with other adjectives)
çen		v.mt	prove, demonstrate	híen
çevö		n	frog	hiebu
çopo		adj	alone, solitary	hewpu
çovor		v.it	boil	hiəbur
çunnə		n	death	Aff. fømøne
dara		cj	but; however	dada
das	dar-	n	goddess (of polytheistic religions)	daz
dännye		n	fortress	dagane 'camp'
dännyesü		v.mt	fortify	(dännye + -su: 'turn into a fortress')
däpset		n	silver	daba sæt 'white gold'
dellyä		n	safe place	WF dellya 'refuge'
demäş		n	feast, celebration; religious holiday	demaš
derä		v.mt	expect, predict	dida 'possible' (adj)
deşäm		n	canvas; blank space	dašiəm 'canvas, sail'
dəva		v.it	sympathize (beneficiary takes genitive)	dióa 'imagine'
diglö		n	glade, clearing	deikəlo 'holy place (in the wild)'
dimet		v.mt	support (dependants, crops), receive (guests)	deimit
dine		v.it	be opportunistic; take a chance	deine 'smarts, cunning' (n)
diŋ		n	finger	deiŋ
dirin		adj	great, awesome, overwhelming	deidin 'numinous, frightening'
disä		adj	reliable	WF diza
dogu		v.mt	welcome, greet; acknowledge	daguy 'host, persuade to stay'
dorac		n	meal	dorač 'breakfast, lunch'
doram		v.mt	regret	duzæm
dorgın		n	the Doroh language	doroh + -in (adjectivizer)
doroh		n	person of Doroh ethnicity	doroh
dosso		n	honey	dalsu
dovo		v.it	smell (emit scent)	duəbu
du		num	five	dou
dukas		n	master, expert	WF dukas
dul		v.it	fall asleep	doul 'weary, tired'
dulın		adj	exhausted	doul 'weary, tired' + -in (adjectivizer)
dum		n	message	daom 'warn' (v)
dumah		n	glass	doumah
duran		v.it	dance	daodan
düyün		n	thing, item, object	digun
e	(irr.)	pron	I (1sg pronoun)	i
ebrivö		n.mass	leftovers; shattered plans	ebréibo 'ruins'
ebrörö		n	fear; emotional shock	apridu 'horror, terror'
eggä		pron	how	igə 'which one' + -ga '-like'
egrän		v.mt	please, delight (of people); fulfill (of tasks)	egræn 'satisfy'
egrämmo		n	servant; assistant	(egrän + -vo: 'one who fulfills tasks')
egreh		v.mt	catch; accommodate, assimilate	igrih 'absorb, dissolve'
eki		n	egg	ekéi
ellö		cj	before; until	isə lu
elpe		v.mt	forge	elpe 'melt'
emmälä		pron	everywhere	egemalə
enä		n	need, desire; goal	æna 'hungry'
enin		adj	hungry; greedy	æna + -in (adjectivizer)
ennö		v.mt	mess up, get in trouble	enóuno
eŋ		qu	all; every	ege
eŋilö		n	army (specifically: infantry)	æŋéilo 'military'
epäh		v.mt	sense, perceive	ipah
epäkke		v.it	curse; condemn (target takes genitive)	epǽpogə
epe		v.it	sit	epé
erbör		v.mt	drown	ereibur
erelde		n	energy, vigor	edálide
ereldin		adj	enthusiastic	edálide 'energy, vigor' + -in (adjectivizer)
erelö		n	theater, stage	edélo
eri		n	mast (of a ship)	edéi 'tree'
erinä		v.it	live	edéinæ
erövö		n	musician	edébu
erre		v.it	seem, appear (takes adjectival complement)	idər
esin		adj	heavy, fat	asin
eskä		adj	previous, preceding; ancestral	isəga 'early'
essänä		n	salvation; the spiritual world	ifisænə
eş		num	six	eš
ete		n	river	æti
eteşe		v.mt	govern, manage, organize	etéše 'sail'
evä		n	snake	ewa
evel		n	west	eiwəl
evelgä		adv	westward	eiwəl + -ga (adverbializer)
evere		v.mt	sort	ebédə 'order, arrange'
evlin		adj	western	eiwəl + -in (adjectivizer)
evvü		n	dandy, aristocrat	WF lēvvu 'man of leisure' (initial l- reanalyzed as definite article)
ey		pron	which one	igə
eyö		v.mt	hope, wish for	agiu
əlcı		adj	black	ilč
gahoc		n	convict	gafaču 'criminal'
gamo		n	concubine	WF gāmō 'girlfriend' < Tak. ŋa:maw 'wife, female partner'
gaşşa		n	cushion, pillow	WF gašša 'thick'
gatac		n	galley	gatač
gatsıs		n	assassin	WF gatsis
gava		v.dt	share (beneficiary takes genitive)	gaba
gätel		n	plank, board	gatel
gåto		cj	so that, in order to	guətu 'so, therefore'
gerä		n.mass	casualties	[lu] gæda 'corpses' (pl)
ges		n	dagger	gis
gessä		v.mt	cut; divide	gissa
geş		n	ruler, boss	WF geš 'superior'
geşin		adj	dominant, superior	WF geš + -in (adjectivizer)
gibrä		n	sheep	Old Fáralo *geibra
gibrün		n	ram	Old Fáralo *geibra rud 'sheep-man'
giccü		n	north	(back-formed from giccün)
giccün		adj	northern	Aff. rirkjun
giccüyä		adv	northward	(giccü 'north' + -ga)
gikse		v.mt	count	Aff. rirati
giret	gıc	pp	up to, towards, in the direction of	geirit
gives		v.mt	destroy	Aff. reffis 'remove'
gokkah		n	nut	Aff. rorkaf
gora		v.mt	descend, derive from; inherit (legacy takes genitive)	goda
govo		n	sketch; concept, plan	guabu 'drawing'
gönin		n	counselor, member of the senate	gonin 'elder brother'
gu		n	road	gou
gul		n	alleyway	goul 'small road'
gunno		n	cross-staff (for measuring angles)	goumoudu
gurun		n	wasteland; barren field	gourun 'desert'
gürö		n	philosopher	geiru 'atheist, cynic'
güsteşäm		n	sail	gaos 'boat' + dašiəm 'canvas, sail'
hassu		n	squid	Tak. hâhasu:
hälennö		n	republic	halenadu
hällö		n	person of Fáralo ethnicity	fáralo
hälpö		v.mt	get rid of; assassinate	halapu 'throw away, discard'
hånzar		v.mt	help	huənšar
herellö		adj	obvious; superficial	hadírlo 'open, overt'
herön	herör-	n	person of Feråjin ethnicity; the Feråjin language	ferój
herre		pp	outside of; away from	hadír
herrin		adj	foreign	hadír 'outside' + -in (adjectivizer)
hese		v.dt	pass on (beneficiary takes genitive)	hisəl 'bequeath' (-l reanalyzed as desiderative inflection)
hestäş		n	crime	fistaš 'unlawful, illegal' (adj)
heve		n.mass	water	hewe
heyü		n	dock	hewegou
həcon	həcor-	n	inexperienced person, rookie, amateur	fizætud
hiddä		n	tyranny, oppression	WF hidda
hikki		n	rowdy, thug	Tak. lu:hîkki 'drunkard' (initial lu- reanalyzed as definite article)
himi		v.it	wait (target takes genitive)	heimə
himöllä		v.mt	explore	Tak. hi:mawhala
hinze		v.it	hesitate; waste time	heiməči 'wait for oneself'
hişti		n	corruption, fraud	hičidə 'misuse of office'
hiştin		adj	corrupt	hičidə 'misuse of office' + -in (adjectivizer)
hoglo		n	workshop, business premises	fogalo
holo		pron	when	holə
hor		num	eight	hude
horoskə		n	immorality, perversion, evil	huzǽtugə
hossa		n	trade route	WF hossā
hosseç		n	long-distance trade	(hossa 'trade route' + -eç 'method, process')
hölkün		v.mt	threaten, menace	helkun 'enemy'
höllö		n	heir, successor	hislu
höpes		v.mt	conquer, defeat	hupís
höski		n	the physical world	hitugə
Höstänä		top	Siixtaguna	Histuənə
humon		num	thousand	Aff. fumøn 'much, abundant, a lot'
hurna		pp.post	to the left of	(loc of huruŋ 'left side')
huruŋ		n	left side; port side (of a ship)	houzuŋ
hünte		v.mt	see, notice	Aff. hunti
hüpön		adj	twisted, deformed; handicapped	heipud
icere		v.mt	cook	ečíde
icöŋ	icöy-	n	woodland, wilderness	etewg 'forest'
igvö		pron	everybody	egewbu
ikente		n	animal husbandry	eikəmate
im		aux	(dynamic copula)	eim 'turns'
intö		n	lyre, harp	Lot. imitø
inzi		v.it	fly	einišə
iperö		n	secret	epído 'private' (adj)
irbin		adj	drunk; dizzy	eríba 'be clumsy' + -in (adjectivizer)
irebbö		n	drunkard	eríbabu 'one who is clumsy'
irüttö		adj	eloquent	Aff. irottu
irye		v.mt	whisper	ijir
iryö		n	artist	eiziw 'painter'
iryün		adj	pure; beautiful, aesthetically valuable	edewn (influenced by iryö 'artist')
iryünäş		n	work of art	(iryün + -aş: 'that which is aesthetically valuable')
iskin		adj	rich, wealthy	Aff. iseke + -in (adjectivizer)
iste		adj	correct, true	Aff. isti
istece		v.it	correct oneself	(iste + -ce)
işönün		n	journey	išonoun
iştälö		n	kitchen	ečidálo
itevä		n	tiller (of a ship)	etéiwa
ittän		adj	friendly, polite, courteous	WF ītta 'jovial' + -in (adjectivizer)
ive		v.mt	say, speak	ebí
ivel		adj	green	eibəl
ivic		adj	important, crucial	ebíč 'necessary'
ivleve		v.it	sing	ebíəbe
ivlör		adj	short; small	ebewr 'short'
ivö		n	friend, companion	eigəbu 'good person'
iyö		pron	everything	egew
ının		adj	holy, sacred	edewnin
ınnu		v.mt	consecrate	(ının + -u: 'make holy')
kakka		n	murder	Tak. kahâkka
kara		v.mt	be pleased with, appreciate	kadal 'like' (-l reanalyzed as desiderative inflection)
Kargan	Kargar-	top	Kasca	Kazəgad
käglö		n	border, boundary, edge, side	kaklo
kävin		adj	delicious, tasty	Aff. kawi + -in (adjectivizer)
kåkka		v.mt	think, believe, hypothesize	kuəpéigə 'assume, suppose'
kålto		n.mass	wind	kaltó
kåma		n.mass	smoke, steam	kpuəma
kåmı		v.it	sink	Tak. kawmí 'be submerged'
kåmmos		v.it	grow strong	kuən 'strong, sturdy' + mus 'grow'
kån		adj	brave, courageous, strong	kuən 'strong, sturdy'
kåva		v.mt	waste; discard	kuəbə
kecem		v.mt	honor, respect; give praise	kečem
kelle		v.mt	watch, observe	kazil 'look at'
kese		n.mass	blood	kesé
keväc		n	dinner; banquet	kebač
keye		n	uplands	Aff. kirei 'hilly' (adj)
keyenti		n	history	Aff. kirentei 'time; sequence of events'
kəvo		n	priest (Etúgəist)	kəwú
kil		v.mt	wear	keil
kilin		adj	tender, affectionate	Aff. kilin 'be in love'
kimmät		n	herblore	keipmate
kip		n.mass	grass	keip
kire		n.mass	snow	keize
kohas		n	temple	kufas
kollo		n	library	kuzlo 'archive'
kon	kor-	n	hat	kodə 'cover'
koryam		n	olive	kusræm
kosap		v.mt	worship, praise	kusæp
kovə		n	rudder, oar	kouwə
kovlə		v.it	protest, object to	kouwə ulə 'raise the tongue'
krava		n	porridge	kræwa
ksuro		n.mass	sand; beach	ksoudu
kucca		n	aunt	kaotača
kugı		n.mass	fog, mist	kaogə
kugrın		adj	related by blood	kaogádin 'father's younger brother'
kumı		n	dolphin	Tak. kumi
kutto		n	head	Aff. kottu 'skull'
külö		n	tunic, shirt	keilu 'peasant's dress'
kümpe		n	grave, burial place	kumepél (-l reanalyzed as diminutive)
kün		adj	holy, divine	kuin 'sacred'
laşın		adj	public, political	lašin 'national'
laşşı		n	hour	laršaošə
lärmät		n	medicine	ladmate
lärppö		n	doctor	lalpobu
lec		n	weapon	leč 'sword'
lergö		v.mt	disturb, interrupt	lizegu 'shake'
leste		v.mt	collect, gather	lestə
letä		adj	fast, quick	læta
leyä		n	word; statement, utterance	lega
leyäş		n	decree, verdict	lega ašu 'the main word'
lilme		v.it	stand	Aff. lilami
lin	lir-	n	year	leid
linni		n	country, state	Aff. linnei 'leadership'
lirin		adj	annual	leidin
liriŋ		n	wing	leideiŋ
lişö		adj	cold	leišo
lişü		v.it	shiver	WF ližžu 'shake' (by association with lişö 'cold')
lopo		n	bone	læpu
lorkı		n	deer	Aff. lorkai
lova		v.mt	tell lies (topic takes accusative)	luba
lötse		v.mt	wrap, package	Aff. lutsi
lukın		adj	agile, fit, athletic	WF lūkim 'competent'
luma		adj	long; far	laoma
lumo		v.mt	visit; attend	loumo
luŋŋıma		n	sea rover, experienced sailor	Tak. lu:ŋí:ma: 'sailor'
lurya		n	size, height	lu-jiə 'tallness'
luşı		v.dt	answer, reply (person responded to takes genitive)	loušə
lut		int	yes	loute
lüşö		v.mt	form, shape, mold	lišu
lyomo		v.it	smile	liəmu
lyosın		adj	free, independent	lews + -in (adjectivizer)
lyossu		v.mt	set free, liberate	lews 'free, independent' + -soy (causative)
lyupu		v.mt	raid, attack	Tak. li:ùpú:
mac		n	table	mač
magac		v.mt	loot, pillage	magač
mala		pron	where	malə
malona		n.mass	goods, commodities	WF malōna 'cargo'
mam		num	seven	mæm
mamma		n	corsair, pirate chief	Tak. mammâ: 'leader, king'
mas		qu	a few	mas
mastac		n	government	mastač
maş		n	hammer	marš
mattı		n	wheat	Aff. mattai
märe		n	violence; cruelty	made 'force'
mäte		v.mt	know	mate
mävin		pp	without	ma pein 'not with'
mävö		pron	nobody	maibu
måbrın		adj	chaotic, messy, cluttered	muəbazin 'lawless, anarchic'
me		qu	no, none	mi
medde		n	wisdom, foresight	mædidə 'intelligence'
meddin		adj	intelligent	mædidə 'intelligence' + '-in' (adjectivizer)
melde		v.mt	include, encompass	melede
melve		adj	whole, complete, comprehensive	malæwe 'successful'
melyö		v.mt	research, examine; figure out	məlew 'come to understand'
mem	mev-	n	farmer	mebe 'peasant'
meŋŋüs		n	first mate (of a ship); majordomo; prime minister	mengaos
mere		v.mt	meet, encounter; reciprocate	meze
mesä		n	cow	mæsa
mespel		n	compass	matibəl
mestin		adj	royal	mastin 'governmental; public'
mete	mıca	pp	failing, given that not X	ma eté 'not using'
mi		pron	nothing	mai
miccenä		v.mt	be pregnant (of women); have a pregnant wife (of men)	midišǽna 'fornicate'
mikün		n.mass	food; groceries	mik ha-oun 'bread and meat'
milö		n	store, shop	meilo 'trade-place'
mimmi		n	bread, pastry	mipimə 'dough'
minte		adj	narrow, tight	Aff. mimati
minyö		n	prince	menio 'young lord'
mişkö		n	holiday	mišagu
mite		n	daughter	Aff. miti
mittän		adj	bold, brazen, rude, condescending	(m- + ittän: 'unfriendly, impolite')
mivin		adj	bankrupt	B.Nz. mɛvə + -in (adjectivizer)
miyä		adj	empty	maiga
mırasa		n	credit; debt (donor takes genitive)	B.Nz. mayrasa 'debt'
mışah		v.dt	owe to (object takes genitive)	mišǽf
mlava		adj	famous, legendary	miəwə 'heroic'
mlogor		n	effort, venture; test	miúgur 'try, attempt' (v)
mlokat		n	brother	meokát
mlokə		v.mt	resist	mewki 'rebel' & mewkil 'oppose'
mlopın		adj	deaf	miopə + -in (adjectivizer)
mlorə		v.it	drip; spill; sprinkle (target takes genitive)	meode 'squirt, spurt, splatter'
mlozın		adj	blind	miordo + -in (adjectivizer)
mobba		adj	experienced; ancient	WF mōbba 'old'
mocon	mocor-	n	slave; captive	mačud
mogvın		adj	sad, sorrowful	mwáogube 'ponderous, grave' + -in (adjectivizer)
mola		n.mass	ice	mula
mola		v.mt	select	molar 'prefer' (-ar reanalyzed as habitual inflection)
molon		adj	suspicious	molən 'alert'
moro		adj	pointless	mædu
mormat		n	agriculture	musmate
moskə		n	fantasy, illusion, dream	matugə 'the impossible'
mossı		adj	basic	WF mossi 'simple, primitive'
mosu		n	port, harbor	mosou
moşttı		n	belief, philosophy, ideology	mušidutə
moyor		n.mass	eyes	Aff. mojur 'eyes' (pl)
mozo		n	person	mardu 'human'
mölö		adv	clearly, obviously, can be taken for granted	Aff. mølø 'visibly'
möspin		adj	traditional, conservative	mospi 'uncultured, provincial' + -in (adjectivizer)
mösppö		n	peasant, villager	mospibu 'provincial person'
mösin		adj	civilized, cultured	mosin
mugutun		adj	blunt; worn out	mau gout-oun 'blunt and dull'
mumur		v.mt	love, care for	Aff. mumyr 'caress'
muncu		n	kind, type; species	Aff. mintsoi
munzar		n	council, senate	moumušezə
muro		v.mt	measure; estimate	moudu
muzo		pp	near, next to	umórdu 'in front of'
muzolo		n	surroundings (reference point takes locative)	(muzo + -lo: 'near-place')
mümes		adj	stupid	muymis
mütsi		n	purpose	Aff. mytsi
mütsise		v.mt	lose track of	(mütsi + -se: 'lose one's purpose')
nalzan		v.mt	change; turn	neljæn 'twist'
naŋ	nag-	n	god (of polytheistic religions)	nagə
nara		n	east	nazə
narga		adv	eastward	nazə + -ga (adverbializer)
narga		n	trifle	WF nažga 'pathetic, insignificant'
naşın		adj	unsuccessful, unproductive, in vain	našiŋa 'futile' (-ŋ > -n by analogy with other adjectives)
nata		n	the nobility	nata
nava		pron	something	næbə
näbbo		pron	somebody	næbəbu
nälör		n	horse	narór
näm		qu	some, any	næmə
nåmın		adj	arrogant, haughty	nuəma 'boast' + -in (adjectivizer)
nåpot		v.mt	play (of games)	napóča
nårrəl		n	pony	narórəl 'little horse'
nåş		v.mt	cheat, deceive	nuaš
necä		n	wife	neča
nel		num	nine	nil
nerellön		adj	non-obvious, covert; resulting	nadírlo 'secret, hidden' + -in (adjectivizer)
nerin		adj	eastern	nazə 'east' + -in (adjectivizer)
nerre		pp	inside of; into; out of	nadír
nevin		adj	red	nabe + -in (adjectivizer)
neye		n	maximum, zenith	nege 'the most'
nin		pp	as, like, similar to	Aff. nini (copula)
ninyö		v.it	turn, revolve, spin	Aff. ninjau
niŋi	ninye-	n	leaf (of a plant)	neiŋə
nivi		v.mt	plan, intend	neib 'aim'
nivlö		n	headquarters	(nivi + -lo: 'plan-place')
nogo		n	bear	nagu
nol		cj	as (circumstantial)	na lu
nolnoh		v.mt	arrange, organize	naluŋuh
nosku		v.mt	exile, cast out	naskuy
noyo		n	job	WF noyo
noyo		n	noodles	nayu
növer		v.mt	reveal; discover	nubázi 'enlightenment' (n)
nuga		adj	predictable, controllable	naoga 'regular'
nulo		n	road, street	noulo
nuno		v.mt	take away, remove	naonu 'separate'
nunze		v.it	leave, withdraw; abdicate	(nuno + -ce: 'remove oneself')
nuŋŋa		adj	divided, separated	naoŋga 'split'
nyam	nyav-	n	moon	[luŋ] iəb
nyan		cj	if/then	niən
nyesä		v.mt	negotiate with (topic takes genitive)	WF ñeza 'meet'
nyoblı		n	needle	ŋiəbul
nyoga		n	war	nioga
nyoglo		n	battlefield	niogalo
nyolo		n	market, marketplace	*niwlo < Ndd. ñoilo / B.Nz. ñuylu
nyonnə		n	business partner	WF ñonne
nyorna		n	disease, illness	neos 'sick' + næm 'illness' (-am reanalyzed as genitive inflection)
nyosın		adj	sick	neos + -in (adjectivizer)
nyovın		adj	attentive, vigilant, alert	ŋiəbu 'sharp, acute, clever' + -in (adjectivizer)
nyovo		n	guard	ŋiəbu 'sharp, acute, clever' (-bu reanalyzed as agent nominalization)
nyömmi		n	tea, herbal infusion	WF zñoñibi
nyuma		v.mt	celebrate (a non-religious or pagan feast), host, invite	Lot. ñuma
nyunta		adj	full	Aff. njunta
ŋabrın		adj	thick, broad, large	Old Fáralo *ŋabrə + -in (adjectivizer)
ŋälli		n	flood	ŋalleil (-l reanalyzed as diminutive)
ŋånın		adj	cautious, careful	ŋuəne 'prudent' + -in (adjectivizer)
ŋåtol		adj	bright; splendid	ŋa-tol 'shining'
ŋe		num	two	ŋi
ŋestes		n	outlaw	ŋastís 'villain, rogue'
ŋim	ŋiv-	n	toe	ŋeibə
ŋive		n	language	ŋa-ebí 'speaking'
ŋora		adj	brown	ŋura
oblı		v.dt	teach (beneficiary takes genitive)	uplə 'explain, describe'
ogga		adj	next, following; derivative	ugəga 'late, later'
oglo		cj	after, since	ugə lu
ogva		adv	soon, quickly, already	ubuga 'soonish'
ogvın		adj	injured, wounded	ogabe 'be hurt' + -in (adjectivizer)
oksam		adj	zealous, fanatic	uksáb 'be eager'
olat		n	a person who is too old to work	olǽtə 'be feeble with age'
olcı		v.it	rise, get up, lift oneself	ulə + -či (reflexive)
olgo		n	rope	ulgu
olı		v.mt	raise, lift	ulə
ollok		v.mt	forget; overlook	oslók
olmo		v.dt	steal (rightful owner takes ablative)	WF olmo
onnı		n	cliff	Aff. onnai
oŋŋa		n	trash, rubbish; item of poor quality	WF onga 'inferior; poor quality'
oŋŋın		adj	cheap, worthless, crude, tacky	(oŋŋa + -in)
oppu		n	storm	Aff. appoi 'cloud'
opum		n	fake; empty promise	wæpum 'hollow'
orossı		v.mt	tell, narrate, report	adulsə
orosso		n	story, tale	adulsu
os		num	three	wos
osan		v.mt	weave	Lot. usan
osommo		n	weaver	Lot. usan 'weave' + -bu 'person'
Ossor		top	Ussor	Ussor
otın		adj	old, senile, feeble	ætu + -in (adjectivizer)
otsat		v.mt	urge, implore; persuade	adwəsæt 'bribe'
otun		adj	thin, slender	otóun
ova		cj	and (used to link clauses and phrases)	ouwa
ovak		n	castle	ubák 'palace'
ozın		adj	visual; visible	ordin
ozo		n	eye	ordo
öggö		v.mt	deceive	egúgo
ökö		n	blessing; charm	ekúi
ökösä		n	priestess	ekúisa 'blessing-woman'
ököve		v.mt	bless; bid farewell	ekúi 'blessing' + ebí 'say'
ölgä		adj	normal; abundant, common	eluoga
ölin		adj	ignorant; illiterate	olinə 'not know, not perceive' (v)
öllö		n	window	iru 'open' + -lo 'place'
öllyö		n	market stand	B.Nz. ɔyalu
ölyenä		v.it	embarrass oneself	olyena 'commit a faux pas'
öpån		n	ball; any spherical object	epoǽn
öpin		adj	auditory; audible	opin
öponım		n	pagan, heathen	epúonim
örä		v.mt	shout, scream, yell, roar	wiza
örge		pron	why	edúgə
örovə		adj	morally wrong	edáboə 'corrupt; rotten'
örro		v.mt	try, attempt, aim at	erúdu 'strive for'
örvä		n	arm	idwæ
örvåŋ		n	ocean	idúəŋ
öşä		v.dt	sell (buyer takes genitive)	ošyal 'propose, suggest' (-l reanalyzed as desiderative inflection)
ötobbo		n	servant	etúbə 'docile, submissive' + -bu 'person'
ötovam	ötommə-	v.mt	pacify, disarm	etúbə-uəm 'make docile'
ötovın		adj	obedient (of people); tame (of animals)	etúbə 'docile, submissive' + -in (adjectivizer)
ötuntın		adj	complex, complicated	etóumate + -in (adjectivizer)
övågə		v.mt	establish (of institutions); instigate (of actions); motivate (of people)	eboáge 'push, impel'
övollı		v.mt	suspect; be wary of	ebórol 'distrust'
övon	övor-	n	color; character, mood	ebód 'color'
övoro		n	bark (of tree), husk (of fruits), shell (of seafood)	ebǽru
övö		n	tool	ibu
övurı		n	lunatic; fool	ebóurə 'strange, weird' (adj)
övut		n	origin	ebóuta 'seed'
öyol		n	foot; base	egól
öyolga		adj	stable; supportive	egól 'foot' + -ga (adverbializer)
pam		n	bottom, underside	piəm 'low'
pan		v.mt	eat	pæn 'bite, chew'
panna		pp.post	at the bottom of	(loc of pam 'bottom, underside')
paza		n	valley	pardə
pämin		adj	flat	piəm 'low' + -in (adjectivizer)
pänze		v.it	swear allegiance to	piəmči 'submit, lower oneself'
pärmes		v.mt	understand; be an expert on	piədæmis
pärnä		n	number, amount	WF pajna 'count, reckon'
päte		v.mt	think, consider, ponder	epáte 'investigate'
pävö		v.mt	describe, analyze	pabo 'categorize'
pelä		aux	(resultative copula)	pila 'has done'
pellö		n	outhouse, toilet	pezəlo
per		n	goat	pir
peräs		n	knight, warrior	peras
peşe		v.mt	abandon; divorce	peše 'drop, let go'
peyel		adv	now, immediately	pigəl 'first'
Piläş		top	Peilaš	Peilaš
pilyö		n	perfume	Aff. pilewe 'aromatic, fragrant'
pimmin		adj	unknown; unusual	peimæb 'mystery' + -in (adjectivizer)
pinnä		pp	about, with regard to; judging from	pein iənə æm 'with view of'
pinten		n	garden	Aff. pintene
pire		adj	loud	peide
pişä		n	fish, seafood	epéiša
piti		int	dammit	peitə
pocuna		v.mt	calculate	pačuna 'count, reckon'
porat		adj	solid; firm; determined	porat 'trustworthy'
poro		v.mt	attack	padu
pospə		v.mt	smash, break, destroy	padupe
povı		n	nose	puwə
pupsun		adj	terrible, fearsome	popu 'fear' + soy 'cause' + -in (adjectivizer)
Pöräş		top	the Poráš river	Poráš
pövlät		n	menace, threat; risk	pubiət 'threaten' (v)
prån		v.mt	stab	Old Fáralo *pruən
premmät		n	design, architecture, construction work	prænmate
prommo		n	architect, engineer	præmbu
pu		cj	because	epóu
puko		v.mt	refuse, deny	pouku
pun		n	island	poun
pupo		v.mt	fear, be afraid of	popu
pülbö		n	hourglass	peilbu
pülö		n	rain	epéilu
püne		n	forest	pouni 'plant, vegetation'
pünnir		n	leather	Aff. punnir 'skin'
pyumı		v.it	sail, navigate (destination takes genitive)	Aff. pjumi 'make a sea voyage'
ranna		adv	instead, rather	ræpen a 'in place of it'
räblö		cj	while	ræbe lu
räpin		adj	fertile	ræpe + -in (adjectivizer)
räve	rivlä	pp	along, through, by way of; across	ræbe
råga		adj	clever	ruəga 'intelligent'
rågvaş		n	gadget, tool	(råga + -vaş: 'that which is clever')
rånah		n	shaman; non-Etúgəist priest	ruənah
rebbe		adj	useless; broken	rewebe
relgä		adj	warm, hot	relga
relgeç		v.mt	heat up	(relgä 'warm, hot' + -eç 'method, process')
relin		adj	addicted	rari + -in (adjectivizer)
ricässe		v.it	bleed	rečiəs 'menstruation' + esé 'bleed'
ro		num	ten	ro
robro		v.it	be annoying	rubadu
rolga		adj	unpredictable, surprising, sudden	ruduga
rorro		n	citizen	rozaru 'voter (in a republic)'
roşan		v.dt	blame, accuse (reason takes genitive)	rušan
roşka		adj	creative, visionary	rušoga 'imaginative'
roşkavo		n	inventor; genius	rušogabu 'imaginative person'
roto		v.mt	hear	rætu
rödü		v.mt	improvise	WF rödu 'spontaneous'
rulo		n	possession; one's own item	rodu
rum		cj	(relativizer)	roumə
runya		v.mt	have faith in	WF ruña 'trust'
rülö		n	boat	leilu 'rowboat'
rümör		n	earthquake	reimur
ryuŋıl		n	deck (of a ship)	rewŋəl
sacın		adj	powerful, mighty	sačin 'rich, wealthy' (by association with sacuk)
sacuk		n	emperor	serčaok
sakkə		v.mt	engage in combat	Aff. tsarkes (-s reanalyzed as obligative inflection)
salmı		n	song	Aff. tsalamai
sanat		n	minister (of state), government official	sernat
såppåvə		v.mt	bring; deliver	sæp 'give' + ebúəwe 'carry, hold'
secek		n	longbow	Tl. setiek
seka		v.dt	call, name (thing named takes genitive)	seka
sekkecem		v.mt	celebrate (an Etúgəist holiday)	WF sekkečem 'celebrate, honour'
sellö		n	brothel	siralo
selö		n	penis	selo 'spear' (by association with sellö)
sep		cj	thus	sip
sere		n	slope	seze 'steep' (adj)
sermäve		n	snout, muzzle (of an animal)	sis mabe 'dog-mouth'
sessin		adj	lucky, fortunate	sečasin
seşpe		v.mt	caress, fondle, stroke gently	sæči ibe 'soft-touch'
seşşin		adj	coveted, fashionable	WF seššin 'favoured'
sete		n	money	sætil (-l reanalyzed as diminutive)
setin		adj	richly decorated; golden	sæt 'gold' + -in (adjectivizer)
sevi		adj	smooth	Aff. siwi 'pleasant to the touch'
səşum		cj	when	sišo roumə
sipä		n	crab-claw sail	WF sipa < Tak. sîpa
sirä		n	morning	seiza 'dawn'
sirin		n	empire, kingdom	serin 'imperial' (adj)
sıc		v.it	be born	seziči
sobran		adj	successful	sobræn 'succeed' (v)
sopu		n	pea	Aff. tsupoi
soryə		v.mt	push	suji 'press, pressure'
soskə		n	virtue, morality; tradition	sætugə
sossa		n	attractive woman	sossa 'nubile girl'
sossın		adj	beautiful, attractive (said of women)	sossa + -in (adjectivizer)
sovu		n	load, cargo	Aff. suffy
sömin		v.mt	take, get, receive	Aff. tsomin
söröl		n	child	sezul 'infant'
sörrüm		cj	(locative relativizer)	sirul roumə
Sumbroşu		top	Sumarušuxi	Sumærušuy
suncə		v.it	kneel	sounči
suncəç		n	oath of allegiance	(suncə + -eç: 'that which is done while kneeling')
sunon		n	tree	Aff. sunon
suŋ		n	knee	souŋ
suşın		adj	adjacent, nearby	sušin 'neighbor'
şallaş		n	homeland	šælo 'hearth, fireplace, home' + laš 'country'
Şişin		top	the Šišin mountains	šišin
şor		v.mt	pour; (with added genitive) offer a drink to	seor
şoro		n	drink	seoru 'that which is poured'
şorol		n	apéritif	seorul 'little drink'
şosu		v.mt	become engaged to	šesuy 'crown, select a ruler'
şovə		v.it	have sex (partner takes genitive)	ušóbe 'be horny'
şöte		v.mt	call, invite, summon	Aff. fjuti 'invite'
şulo		n	silk	Lot. šylo
taca		n	sister	tača
tam		n	south	tæm
taŋ		pp	behind; beyond	wætáŋ
taŋŋa		adv	southward; far away	tæm 'south' / taŋ 'beyond' + -ga (adverbializer)
tassu		n	octopus	Tak. tâhasu:
taş		pp	around; throughout	etáše
tärbe		v.mt	hint at, insinuate	tazbæm 'imply' (-m reanalyzed as passive inflection)
tåno		v.mt	evade; flee	twæno 'avoid, prevent'
tårı		v.mt	oversee, control	tuəd
tebä		v.mt	combine, add	WF teba 'together'
temin		adj	southern	tæm + -in (adjectivizer)
tere		n	sanctuary, shelter	tædi
tesi		n	pleasure	Aff. tesai
tesses		n	mercenary	tesses 'soldier'
teyä		n.mass	sesame	Lot. teja
Teyöŋŋü		n	Tejenry, the main god of the Affanons	Aff. Tejenry
tikö		n	foundation (of a building)	WF tiko 'stone, rock'
tiŋŋäs		n	riverboat	teiŋgas 'punt, flatboat'
tirnä		v.mt	have an affair with	tišæna 'take as a concubine or consort'
tirnü		n	bastard child	(tirnä + -o: 'the result of having an affair')
tissä		n	career	Aff. tissal 'make one's way' (v)
tiş		int	no	etéišə 'wrong, incorrect'
tişin		adj	wrong, incorrect	etéišə + -in (adjectivizer)
tive		adj	together; common, mutual	teibe
togı		n	life, reality; the Etúgə religion	etúgə; also *tugə 'reality' (back-formed from matugə 'the impossible')
tohun		n	wild animal, beast	Aff. tohun 'animal'
tol		n	light	tol
totu		v.mt	allow, permit	tatuy
töku		n	rock	tikóu 'stone'
töl		cj	by means of	eté lu
tölin		adj	bright	tolin
tömmi		v.mt	hide, conceal, cover	Aff. tommi
töşö		n	sailboat	etéšu
tuma		n	pirate	tuma
tun		n	hand	toun
tunı		adv	by chance	WF tunī 'good luck, fortune' < Tak. tuní: 'chance'
tunna		pp.post	at the disposal of; in reach of	(loc of tun 'hand')
Tusah		top	Tuysáfa	Tuysáfa
tücün		v.it	go to, approach (goal takes lative)	Aff. titsuhun 'go, move'
tümön		n	salt	Aff. tymon
tüŋö		v.mt	pull; fetch; obtain	teiŋu
türi		n	well	Aff. tyri
tütö		n	plains, uncultivated land	teitu 'wide' (adj)
ugı		n	doubt, uncertainty	aogə 'confusion'
ugo		v.it	mourn, grieve (reason takes genitive)	ogu
ugu		adv	also, as well	possibly Lot. ogy
uldo		v.mt	request, require, demand	oludo 'deserve, have a right to'
ullo		n	goal, destination, target	odulo
ulto		adj	new	oltu
Ulto		top	the Oltu river	Oltu
umo		n	mother	oumu
umpu		n	chest	Aff. ompoi
unno		v.mt	joke about; (with added genitive) entertain	(back-formed from unnovo)
unnovo		n	jester, comedian	undribu
unyu		v.it	not pay attention, behave sloppily; neglect (object takes locative)	(back-formed from unyuvo)
unyuvo		adj	careless person; one who makes a fool of himself	ouŋu eobu 'without sleep'
uŋa		adj	mean, derogatory	ouŋa 'vulgar'
uŋglo		cj	instead of, rather than	ouŋu lu
upo		v.mt	remember, recall	woupu
urı		n	suicide	ouzə
uro		aux	(temporary copula)	odu 'comes'
uşo		v.dt	promise, swear (addressee takes genitive)	oušu
utto		n	tongue	Aff. ottu
uva		n	mason, metalworker	aoba
uvı		qu	many, much	oubə 'almost all'
üçotım		n	discussion, debate	eséotim 'discuss' (v)
ükö		v.mt	kill	eiku
ümi		adj	yellow	uwméi
ümin		adj	fresh; new	oymə 'recent' + -in (adjectivizer)
ünyeŋŋa		adj	serious; official	oyŋǽŋga 'solemn'
ürö		v.mt	fail (failed action takes genitive)	eidu 'fall'
üryomo		v.mt	release, set free; pardon	edíəmu 'spare someone's life'
üşö		adv	now; immediately	weišo
üvlovo		n	poet, bard	ebíəbu 'singer'
üvör		v.it	swim	eibur
vapa		n	diplomat	WF wapa 'ear'
vävö		n	beggar	avávo 'poor, miserable'
våvə		v.mt	carry; hold up, support (physically)	ebúəwe
vobba		v.it	waste away; deteriorate	WF wobba
vodu		n.mass	wealth	WF vodu 'possessions; one's things'
vogga		adv	and then, next, subsequently	ouwa ugəga 'and later'
vol		pp	under, below; down towards; up from	wægól
volam		pp.pre	belonging to, controlled by	wægól æm 'under for'
Voldulaş		top	the kingdom of Woldulaš	WF woldulaš
vorda		n	scout, explorer, guide	WF worda 'eye'
vöccö		adj	absent, not available	Aff. wottju
yahalgı		n	meadow	Aff. jahalre
yalna		n	disaster; trouble	iəlænə 'catastrophe'
yam		num	hundred	iəb
yama		n	symbol, sign, glyph	iəma
yana		n	view, look, gaze (instance of viewing/watching)	iənə
yatta		n	joy, gladness	iəptə 'cheerful'
yässe		v.it	laugh	Aff. jasse
yevögä		adj	boring, unfashionable	WF yevoga 'common, ordinary'
yoblo		n	bed	eobulo
yobrat		n	judge	io- (honorific) + baodat
yocıŋ		v.it	fall	eočeiŋ 'limp, stumble'
yoçan		v.it	choke	eošíən
yoko		n	spirit, soul, avatar, totem	io- (honorific) + ku
yollo		n	front (side); bow (of a ship)	iozalo 'lady-place' (after the figurehead on a ship's bow)
yollogaŋ		n	evening, sunset, dusk	iodol 'sun' + egág 'put [down]'
yollolı		n	morning, sunrise, dawn	iodol 'sun' + ulə 'rise'
yolna		pp.post	in front of	(loc of yollo 'front side')
yomo		n	top; roof	iəmu 'head'
yomo		pp.pre	over, above; up towards; down from	wiəmu
yonın		adj	difficult; obscure	eione 'hard to understand' + -in (adjectivizer)
yonna		pp.post	on top of	(loc of yomo 'top; roof')
yonon		n	noble	Aff. jonon
yontə		v.mt	guess	eomate
yonuno		v.mt	hurt someone (accidentally)	eonáonu 'harm, injure'
yopa		n	statue	ewpa
yora		n	lady, princess	ioza 'noblewoman'
yoras		n	coward	eodás 'be a coward'
yorol		n	sun	iodol
yosu		n	dye	Nam. yozzu
yotə		n	day, daytime	eioti
yöpe		n	chestnut	Aff. jupi
yöpelö		n	throne	io- (honorific) + epélo 'chair'
yumo		v.mt	hate	ewmu 'reject'
zaga		pron	who, what	jegə
zärye	(irr.)	pron	that one	jæje
zävö		n	butter	diəbo 'fat, grease, oil'
zeneh		n	iron	jiənih
zenyüvä		n	ironsmith	jiənih aoba
zeş		adj	likely, probable	ješ
zıpı		v.mt	insult	jeipə
zorə		v.mt	realize, become aware of; get to know	jori 'wake up'
zosın		adj	alert, concentrated, focused	jos 'conscious' + -in (adjectivizer)
zuma		v.mt	confront; engage in battle	juma 'complain, protest'
zyavaŋ		v.mt	store, keep, preserve	diəbæŋ
zyoko		adj	hard (not soft)	jiəku
zyunın		adj	slow; solemn; relaxed	jiwnə 'slow' + -in (adjectivizer)
zyumoh		v.mt	follow, pursue	dewmuh 'hunt'