Lasomo
| Lasomo Axôltseubeu | |
| Map goes here. | |
| Capital | Ngahêxôldod |
| Major cities | Oigop'oibauxeu Akôdaig |
| Languages | Ndok Aisô |
| Demonym | Lasomoran |
| Government | confederation of small kingdoms |
| Formation | c. 200 YP |
| Collapse | 277 YP (southern L. conquered by Athalē) |
| Successor states | Empire of Athalē Oigop'oibauxeu city state |
| Credits | |
| Created by | collaborative effort coordinator: Dunomapuka |
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Lasomo (Ndok Aisô: Axôltseubeu, Fáralo: Lašumu, Ndak Ta: Latsomo, "motherland") is a region of Akana, located on the fertile banks of the middle Eigə river. In the early 1st millennium YP, a number of small Ndok kingdoms in this region formed a confederation, whose short but dramatic history will be the focus of this article.
History
Timeline
- 190: Taizeu-ibauxeu I founds Thirteenth Dynasty of Ngahêxôldod.
- from 200 on: expansion of Athalē into the upper Eigə and Milīr valleys.
- 211: Taizeu-ibauxeu II succeeds as king of Ngahêxôldod.
- 230: ascension of Etou I in Huyfárah; under his rule Huyfárah expands west to the borders of Axôltseubeu.
- 234: Phanal becomes emperor of Athalē; conflict with Ndok kingdoms.
- 237: A treaty is concluded between Athalē and Ngahêxôldod, fixing the borders.
- 254: Taizeu-ibauxeu II dies; his son Roit-neheu succeeds in Ngahêxôldod.
- 255: failed Fáralo invasion of Axôltseubeu: The Athalēran military cut supply lines of Huyfárah emperor Etou II, at the request of Roit-neheu.
- 256: Roit-neheu is assassinated; Taizeu-mabarô takes power in Ngahêxôldod. Axôltseubeu weakened, Athalē expands its influence.
- 260: Taizeu-mabarô dies, probably assassinated; Gexoitsoi-ibauxeu seizes power.
- 274: Tēmekas II, son of Uremas I, becomes emperor of Athalē; Gexoitsoi-ibauxeu revolts against Athalēran domination.
- 275: Tēmekas II of Athalē invades Axôltseubeu.
- 277: First fall of Ngahêxôldod: Empire of Athalē absorbs southern Axôltseubeu; Tēmekas proclaimed king of Ngahêxôldod.
- 278: Gexoitsoi-ibauxeu dies in captivity in Athalē.
- 279: Oigop'oibauxeu wards off Athalēran campaigns; northern Lasomo united under the rule of Oigop'oibauxeu.
- c. 400: By this point Oigop'oibauxeu has weakened; it is functioning as an Athalēran client state, and a buffer between Athalē and Huyfárah.
- 414: Imperial Adāta is declared the official language of the empire by Khepōnon I. Ndok Aisô is replaced as the spoken language of southern Lasomo.
- 444: Huyfárah supports a local rebellion in Oigop'oibauxeu, declares war on Athalē.
- 453: The war is concluded, and the entirety of Lasomo is reorganized as a client state of Huyfárah.
- 489: A second rebellion in Lasomo; Huyfárah attempts to quell the situation but goes to war with Athalē again.
- 505: This second war ends as well. The south goes back to Athalē, while the north remains nominally independent (but a puppet for Athalē). The domination of Oigop'oibauxeu is eclipsed.
- 971: second fall of Ngahêxôldod: Athalē loses southern Lasomo.
- c. 1000: The Empire of Athalē becomes defunct, and fragments into several successor states.
The rise of Ngahêxôldod
In the first and second centuries, the middle Eigə valley was a kind of buffer region between the Rathedān and Huyfárah; Buruya and the Ndok kingdoms of Axôltseubeu were neutral ground where the Dāiadak and Fáralo came to talk and trade. During the latter half of the second century Huyfárah stagnated under the waning Balanin dynasty, allowing Buruya and the Ndok kingdoms to extend their influence to the north and east. Meanwhile the Rathedān was torn by intercity wars which periodically overflowed into nearby regions, prompting several of the kingdoms of the Eigə valley to band together for mutual defense. Under the leadership of Taizeu-ibauxeu I, king of Ngahêxôldod, central Axôltseubeu was unified into a kind of confederacy of kingdoms, somewhat similar to the Dāiadak League of a century earlier in the Rathedān.
Conflict with Athalē and Huyfárah
Meanwhile, the Rathedān had been united under Athalēran rule, and the Dāiadak began to expand again. When they annexed the lower Milīr valley in 231, they found their new frontier impinging on the borders of Ngahêxôldod (now ruled by Taizeu-ibauxeu II). After several years of skirmishes and disputes, the two states fixed their borders with the treaty of 237.
Taizeu-ibauxeu may have been eager to resolve the conflict with Athalē because he needed to be free to defend his eastern borders. Huyfárah's new emperor, Etou I, was securing his western provinces by pushing the border further west, bringing his armies right to the eastern fringes of Axôltseubeu. By his death, the Ndok kingdoms were virtually sandwiched between the two empires. The last part of Taizeu-ibauxeu's reign was occupied in strengthening his defenses while carefully balancing diplomatic relations with both Athalē and Ussor.
Taizeu-ibauxeu II died in 254 (after a long 43-year reign), and was succeeded by his son Roit-neheu. Almost immediately the crisis began: in 255 Etou II launched a massive invasion of Axôltseubeu. Roit-neheu sent to Athalē for help; the Dāiadak ruler, Mikha, responded, bringing his army across the Eigə to cut the Fáralo emperor's poorly defended supply lines. Etou was forced to withdraw; shortly after, he had to hurry home to put down a violent uprising in Ussor. He was unable to turn his attention to Axôltseubeu again for many years.
The kingdoms of Axôltseubeu had been badly shaken, however. The defenses had been shattered, and the infrastructure of the region severely damaged. Athalē was happy to provide assistance: borders were secured with the help of Dāiadak soldiers, fortifications and other public works were rebuilt with the help of Dāiadak engineers (and Dāiadak gold). But popular opinion in Ngahêxôldod was resentful; it seemed unthinkable that the king of kings, divine ruler of a great and ancient city, should allow the land to be overrun by these upstart heathen llama-herders and tinsmiths from the hills. Roit-neheu, blamed as much for the loss of the kingdom's prestige as for the invasion itself, was assassinated in 256.
Axôltseubeu fell into political turmoil for a few years. The next king of Ngahêxôldod, Taizeu-mabarô, was barely able to control the city itself, let alone the country outside its gates, and died under suspicious circumstances himself in 260 (followed shortly by his two young sons). Finally Gexoitsoi-ibauxeu, son of an influential high priestess, seized power, brought the kingdom firmly under control, and set about rebuilding.
During the chaos, Athalēran influence in Axôltseubeu had expanded enormously. The Dāiadak now controlled most of the Eigə trade, held fortifications along the eastern borders, and dominated the many kingdoms of the valley through aggressive diplomacy. For years Gexoitsoi-ibauxeu bided his time, working carefully to restore Ngahêxôldod's independence and its leadership in the region, quietly seeking new trading partners and making alliances without openly defying Athalē.
The first fall of Ngahêxôldod
In 274, the Athalēran ruler Uremas I died; his heir, Tēmekas II, was an untried boy of sixteen. Gexoitsoi-ibauxeu saw his chance, and rebelled, expelling Dāiadak merchants, diplomats, engineers, and soldiers from all the kingdoms under his control. Tēmekas responded with unexpected vigor, invading Axôltseubeu the following spring. After two years of hard fighting, he captured Ngahêxôldod and was enthroned as king of kings in the ancient temple of Itsdehad. Gexoitsoi-ibauxeu was taken to Athalē in chains, and died there the following year.
It took two more years to subdue the remaining kingdoms of the Eigə valley. Tēmekas' attempts to advance up the Boíəba were blocked by the sturdy defenses of Oigop'oibauxeu; and so Axôltseubeu was permanently split in two. Most of the Eigə valley was incorporated into the burgeoning Dāiadak empire; the Boíəba valley solidified into a single, newly unified and forcefully defended state under the rule of Oigop'oibeuxeu.
Etou II could not fail to respond to the Dāiadak conquest of southern Axôltseubeu; but despite repeated campaigns he could do no more than prevent Tēmekas from annexing even more territory to the north and east. A new status quo emerged: the border between Huyfárah and Athalē now followed the Eigə between Ngahêxôldod and Buruya. Southern Axôltseubeu became thoroughly Dāiadakized. Three states remained as buffers-- Oigop'oibeuxeu in the Boíəba valley, Buruya on the middle Eigə, and southern Kasca (mostly under the rule of Påwe by now) on the lower Eigə and along the coast southward.
Kings of Ngahêxôldod (Thirteenth Dynasty)
- Taizeu-ibauxeu I r. 190-211
- Taizeu-ibauxeu II r. 211-254
- Roit-neheu r. 254-256 (assassinated)
- Taizeu-mabarô r. 256-260 (probably assassinated)
- Gexoitsoi-ibauxeu r. 260-277 (d. 278)
- Tēmekas r. 277-310
Taizeu-ibauxeu I
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Taizeu-ibauxeu II
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Roit-neheu Taizeu-mabarô = d. =? Gexoitsoi-ibauxeu
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Euspok-neheu Taizeu-neheu
Names
| Language | Name | Pronunciation | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ndak Ta | Latsomo | [ˈlaʦ.õ.mo] | "mother-land" |
| Adāta | Lasomo | [ˈla.so.mo] | ← NT Latsomo |
| Fáralo | Lašumu | [ˈla.ʃu.mu] | ← NT Latsomo |
| Naidda | Lashumo | ['la.ʃu.mo] | ← F. Lašumu (borrowed) |
| Wippwo | Lašmou | ['laʃ.mo] | ← Ndd. Lashumo |
| Ndok Aisô | Axôltseubeu | [a.ʔɞlˈʦɛːw.βɛw] | ← toponym pref. a- + NT Latsomo |
| Buruya Nzaysa | Ɔltsɛ́vɔ | [ɔɫˈʦʰɛ.vɔ] | ← N.A. Axôltseubeu (borrowed) |
| Æðadĕ | Læsomo | ['læ.so.mo] | ← Ad. Lasomo |
| Mavakhalan | Lasomo | [ˈla.so.mo] | ← Ad. Lasomo |
| Ayāsthi | Làzoṁə | [ˈlɑ.zɔ̃.ə] | ← Ad. Lasomo |
| Namɨdu | Losmu | ['lʌs.mu] | ← F. Lašumu |
| Meshi | Altaba | ['al.ta.ba] | ← Early N.A. ɒltsɒbɒ |