Aysuchi Meshi/Lexicon
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Unless otherwise noted, "morphology" gives the suffixing form (with hyphen) or infixing atelic (otherwise) for verbs, and the plural for irregular nouns.
| Word | Morphology | Type | Gloss | Etymology |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| agem | n | tea | PH ʔankem | |
| aku | n | base, source | ||
| alpe | alpeyi | v | build | PEV *alpuj |
| Altaba | top | Lasomo | early NA ɒltsɒbɒ | |
| am | conj | and | ||
| anar | n | child of woman in clan (nibling or cross cousin) | ||
| ashe | akashe | n | horse | PH akešeʔ |
| aswun | n | ethnicity, nation | PH ʔaskʷun | |
| at | n | hill | ||
| awkwai | n | monument | NT âukwai "sculpture" | |
| ays | v | talk to (tr.) | *ʔijs, *ʔijz | |
| bad | adj | decadent | NT bad "cultured" | |
| bat | # | one | *pat | |
| bawset | n | female initiation | *puwsg-mEt | |
| bawshis | n | male initiation | *puwsg-sits | |
| beyu | adj | pure | *puj-ʔu | |
| buru | n | encampment; stronghold | ||
| bwi | bwimi | n | worm | PEV *blIŋ |
| bwur | bwer | v | seize, take | |
| chak | n | ritual | PEV *t(s)rak | |
| chayr | n | resin, amber | PEV *tja̤jr | |
| ches | cheyis | n, v | fire; burn (intr.) | *drujθ |
| chi | prep | for; for the purpose of; benefactive marker | ||
| chik | chayk | v | do, make | *dik |
| chim | n | rope, cord | *tsimp(-ga) "twist" | |
| chima | n | large quantity | *d(l)en-?, *d(l)ajn-? | |
| Dak | n | Ndak | NT Ndak | |
| deb | deyib | v | marry (tr.) | *tlujb |
| des | n | wife | *tlujsb S-grade of "marry" | |
| dwa | n | meat | PEV *d(z)wa | |
| fwin | fwayin | v | fly | *gwent |
| fwina | n | bird | PEV *kwint-as < PEI *gwent | |
| fwul | fwel | v | treat kindly | PEV *kwul |
| fwuse | adj | beautiful | PH qʷuse- "likeable" | |
| gar | adj | good | *kard(z), *karg | |
| gas | part | negative marker | PEV *gas | |
| gayb | v | eat | *kijb | |
| gaw | n | road | NT gau | |
| gi | det | what, which (int.) | *kej | |
| gid | gayd | v | strike | *kid |
| ginig | n | iron | Gez. ginig | |
| gise | giseyi | v | defecate | *kI(t)s-uj, *kI(d)z-uj |
| git | part | reflexive marker | *kit | |
| gwun | n, adj | bravery; fierce, brave | *klOn(-ʔa) "guts(-ADJ)" | |
| il | prep | of; genitive marker | ||
| in | det | this (prox.) | ||
| ini | n | child (person not yet of age) | ||
| ji | prep | from; ablative marker | PEV *d(z)I | |
| jil | jilchil | n | chief, ruler | *trelk |
| jun | n, adj | north | *tjUn(t) "left hand" | |
| ka | n | cow | PH qa | |
| kan | v | flow | *gand N-grade of "flow, float" | |
| kana | n | war | Ant. kanā | |
| kas | n | stream, creek | *gasd S-grade of "flow, float" | |
| Kasad | top | Kasca | Ng. Kasdgad | |
| kawda | n | granddaughter (man's son's daughter), brother's son's daughter | ||
| kawdi | n | grandson (man's son's son), brother's son's son | ||
| kaws | n | patrilineage, clan | *guwsd S-grade of "descend" | |
| kaym | v | learn, know | *gajm | |
| kayr | n | spirit (supernatural being) | *gijr | |
| ke | keyi | v | kill | *guj |
| ked | n | younger brother/parallel cousin | *gewd | |
| kenwa | n | scribe | Ng. kenla | |
| kene | n | bard, storyteller | PH qense | |
| kesh | n | anvil | Gez. keːx | |
| Keyalda | top | Akelodo | early NA Ŋkeɒldɒd | |
| ki | adj | great | *gi | |
| kikaw | n | tribe, group of clans | *gi-guwsd | |
| kimam | n | paternal grandmother | ||
| kipad | n | paternal grandfather | *gi-bad | |
| kug | n | jar, pot | *gUg | |
| kulun | n, top | steppe; the Eiwəl Gourun | PH qułun | |
| kwe | n | air | PEV *kluŋ | |
| kwir | n | goat | NT kwir < Far. xoir | |
| lach | n | country | NT lats | |
| li | n | song | *li | |
| lip | adj | black | PEV *layp | |
| luken | n | saddle | PH luken "seat" | |
| magi | n | maternal uncle/grandfather, man in mother's clan | ||
| makad | n | bronze | Gez. makhad | |
| mam | n | mother, maternal aunt, woman in mother's clan | ||
| met | n | woman | *mEt | |
| mi | det | that (dist.) | ||
| mifwan | n | paternal ancestor | PH umikʷan-a | |
| mig | adj | angry | *meg | |
| min | n | son (of a man), brother's son | *min | |
| mul | adj | stupid | *mul, *mawl | |
| mun | adj | weak | *mun | |
| mus | prep | at; locative marker | *maws "house" | |
| nak | n | god | PEV *naka | |
| nakes | n | slave | Ant. náktes | |
| nape | n | tribute | Ant. nápē | |
| ni | part | that; relativiser and complementiser | ||
| nis | n | milk | PEV *nIs | |
| niz | v | walk | PEV *nayz | |
| nus | n, v | flood (intr.) | PEV *nus | |
| nyaz | nyad- | n, v | fight (tr.) | *njadz(-ga) |
| pad | n | father | *bad | |
| pada | padada | n | senior paternal uncle | |
| padwu | padadwu | n | junior paternal uncle | |
| pir | n | elder brother/parallel cousin | ||
| pis | v | form, shape (intr. or tr.) | ||
| pyis | n | calf (of leg) | PEV *priθ | |
| rag | n | stone | ||
| rakwa | n, v | game (especially of chance); gamble | ||
| Recham | top | the Rathedān | Gez. Reːtsom | |
| rima | n | stir-fry | ||
| ris | n | word | PEV *rays | |
| sanu | n | village | ||
| sar | n | sister/parallel cousin | *θar | |
| sarpa | n | paternal aunt | ||
| saz | part | reciprocal marker | ||
| ser | n | water | PEV *sujr | |
| shi | n, adj | holiness; holy | *siŋ | |
| shis | n | man | *sits | |
| shuz | shez | v | cut | PEV *sjUð |
| siz | adj | large | *θidz | |
| sur | n | tree | *θur, *θawr | |
| sud | adj | round | *sud(-ʔa) | |
| swu | adj | dishonoured; worthless | PEV *θlU | |
| tachan | adj | solemn | PH tatšan | |
| tal | v | think | *d(z)alg, *tsalg | |
| tan | n | custom, tradition | PEV *tsan | |
| taw | n, v | number; count | PEV *tsa̤w | |
| Tawfwe | top | Thabīa | PH Taʔuqʷuʔe | |
| tekag | n | boundary; fence | Ant. tehkāg "stones" | |
| tep | n | cheese | ||
| tes | n | lake, sea | *tsujθ | |
| tu | adj | dry | *tu-ʔa | |
| tum | n | story, ballad | *dlum | |
| tur | # | two | *tsurn | |
| tus | adj | red | *dzusn | |
| twa | n | gold | *tswa | |
| twi | n, adj | heat; hot | PEV *t(s)wI | |
| twuz | n | hand | PEV *t(s)wuz | |
| udai | n | salt | NT odai | |
| unu | n | shaman | ||
| vas | n | meal, food | PEV *was | |
| usak | n | capital; centre of power | NT ospák "throne" | |
| wesaw | n | sword | Gez. wesau | |
| wi | wayi | v | give birth to (tr.) | PEV *ŋwaj |
| yun | n | thigh | PEV *jUn | |
| yus | n | music | PEV *jUs | |
| za | prep | to; dative/locative marker | *za | |
| zak | n | daughter (of a man), brother's daughter | ||
| zami | n | child (immediate descendant within clan) | ||
| zan | v | decide, judge | *zant | |
| zar | zary- | v | move swiftly | *ðarj (? R-grade of) "dance" |
| zasa | adj | worthy, fitting | ||
| zazar | n | grace, speed | *ða~ðarj(-ga) reduplicated grade of *ðarj "dance" | |
| zhin | n | thought; spirit (of a being) | PEV *zIn | |
| zum | zem | v | eat | PEV *zUm |
| zus | n | personal honour | PEV *ðUθ | |
| zwama | n | city | Gez. gwaːmɔ "fortification" | |
| zway | v | hold; own | ||
| zwip | prep | with; instrumental marker | ||
| zwir | adj | bright | *zwir(t/ts/k) |