Place name elements/Western

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English Proto-Western Tmaśareʔ Empotle7á Gezoro Çetázó Iŋomœ́ PCW Ìletlégbàku Ishoʻu ʻOhu Doayâu
archipelago
bay (tłuγẽ) cońę
beach (kʰeyakʷi) malekehkwi (khééwu) (çejægʷi) (ke:kagý) (tshehga) sita shita, mazé màmu
bend (tʰawdzũ) tohnǫ (thotlom) (θawdzun) (ta:jú) (thùdzù) (tichù) (chùzù) turù
border
bridge natanǫ
broad, wide mãsu- ciʔ-, mono- manó- mazu múnhɯ- mòxu- mùxu- mòhu- màfu-
camp tɯcaló
cape (ehona)
castle ćassǫto chéyàxù tséyòfù
cave (kʷiyĩ) kwiyę
city (kmǫ) gùmu gùmu
clearing
cliff kehka basau
coast malekehkwi mazé
confluence (çetéɬtsa)
corner oso turù, basau
cottage (tucakʷi) (tockwi) (tudzægʷi) tike
court(yard) (tsea)
cove
creek, brook
crossroads
dark, black kʰãʔa- kąʔ- khampá- xana káo- khà7a- káke- kàʻa- kà-
delta (çetéɬtsa) eta
ditch, moat
downriver (-ʔadzu) (-atlo) (-azu) (-ujɯ) (-ogu) (-agbù) (-ogú) (-au)
east lumẽ lúmem lumen lɯmœ́ ľùmè yìmè zhùmè lùmè
edge oso (besògù) (besàgbù) (bèagù) basau
enclosure -geatá
family('s home) dłũtuca cǫcca (tuts) dłukuka tlikpuke zhúguga tumeagìla
far pʰala- peńę- phálá- fola pálo- phala- páwe- pala- fáli-
farm otabozɯ́ (atùgàru)
fence, boundary (ćępesso)
field kǫpoke khampákéé ranja léo lòamili nàyu
foot, base (of a hill) (nãγu) nańo (naŋó) (naŋu) (nuŋɯ́) (nòğu) (nùxù) (nòhu)
ford
forest, wood kʰapacũ kpahcǫ khápátsom xabadzun kabucɯ́ khapòkù kápàkpù kabògù kápàpù
fort ćassǫto chéyàxù tséyòfù
gap, pass yepę (yáfà)
garden, orchard yatʰapa tahpa éthápá jathō jaθaba otabó jathapa yatépe databa tsea
gate, entrance ńipą (yàwène-) pahuhe fagi
gathering place (kńaćkama)
good duγa- roh- towa- duγa zɯ́sa:- duğa- dìxè- zhúha- doa-
grant, fiefdom
grass taka taka táká taga togó taga tagè dagá
grave, tomb (lìlìngea-)
gravel bank (kʰeyakʷi)
great, big γãdže-, -du ńąś-, -ro wané- gezor γañe, -ðu sá:nhe- ğàdze- mab-, xàchè- hàzé- gìra-
green γłuna- lǫ- woná- γɬuna lɯ́no- ğłùŋa- xlìnge- hùnya- lùmu-
harbour, port moha mawa mo afùmai
hedge
hill, height γʷeye weye, leʔcahma wóé γʷeje sœ:ké ğeje sheye hede tau, (gea)
hollow
holy place kùmupun
home(stead) tuca toca, śokmąką tótsá tuts tudza tɯcá tuka waku, kib zhuga gáku, dupuka, tuka
inheritance
inn, hostel
island (γʷẽdłe) mińe
islet hitmińe
lake łina, (dzãʔũ) hina, nąʔǫ léná ɬina siná łìna lìne shìna sìna
land dłeʔa, -dłe, -γẽ cahma, -ce tlé7á da dlé leó, -lé dłe7a tléke zhéʻa, nyoalo dêa
little, small pʰita-, -kʷi hit-, pnǫ- phétá- -gʷi pýdo- phita- (kliké-) pida- tsingì-, duká-
loan
lower (maγa-) ma-
lush, fertile dònu
market xagalùl hagalù
meadow (takadłe) męcahma (takatlé) (tagadle) (taga7le) (tagewe) (dagábe) (tále)
middle, center ceʔla, cic- zuwo sugo
mill (lũmaγẽ) (lùmùrè)
mine gekhoija
mountain, peak γʷeley, (mũʔpa) weli, mǫʔpa wolé γʷelej sœ:leí ğeľudu sheyudù hezhuzhú galuyu
narrow kʰawa- kaho- kho- xawa ká:po- khawo- káwa- kago- kágo-
near łakʷa- hakwa-, weʔą- lawo- ɬagʷa lágo- łago- lagbà- shagó- suga-, -mea
new plãka- pąk- tlaŋa- plaga lóŋho- pľàga- pyàgè- bèagá- pêa-
north
old yada- yara- éa- jaud jada ózo- jada- yadè- dadá- atì-, yeri-
open land, plains takadłe ciʔńę, takace takatlé tagadle munhɯdogolé taga7le tagewe dagábe tále
pasture (takadłe) męcahma (takatlé) (tagadle) munhɯdogolé (taga7le) (tagewe) (dagábe) (tále)
path(way) pãtadzũ pątanǫ phanátlom padazun ponhujú pàtògù pàtàgbù bàdògù
peninsula (ehona)
people of... -lawV, -yaʔV -lawV -lugV, -àma
place ma, -γẽ olco, -ma, -ńę ma, -γen mo ma ma ma -rè, -mau
point, head (kʷẽdu) (kmeno) (konú) (kʷenu) (kœnhɯ́) gòdu gbùdù, ma gòzhú
portage
promontory; nose hipę
rapids
reach (-ʔiłca) (-ellá) (-iusa) -ádi, -mea
red dzama- cma- tlámá- dzama jómo- dzàma- càme- zàma- dùmu-
residence dłũtuca śokmąką (tudza) tɯcaló (dłukuka) waku zhuga gáku
ridge ćohcę
river yãki yąki éŋi jægi aŋí jèdzi yèchì, (ite) dèzí, eta yàri
river bank mazé
river mouth eta
road pãtadzũ pątanǫ phanátlom padazun ponhujú pàtògù puwu, pàtàgbù pubu, bàdògù pùtau
rock kʰełka kehka khella çeɬka keukó ğeľi sheyi he túku
sacred (bakʰe) hak- (wakhe)
sand kʰeyakʷi kehkwi khééwu çejægʷi ke:kagý tshehga chegè cega, nyòamo tséka, (màmu)
sea, ocean madže male mátlé maze mojé madze machè lu murayu
settlement (dłeʔka) tockana phátótsá ngìmub nyìmiba ngìmi
shelter (yeʔ-) (tɯcá) afùmai
shore (malekehkwi) mazé
source, fountain (kyupʰeγẽ) ćopńę
south
stockade kʰeyasłũ ćępesso, keyassǫ, lęmi khééllom çejasɬun ke:kalú tshejòhxù chéyàxù, lìnmu cedòhù, lìme nìmi
stone kʰełka kehka khella çeɬka keukó ğeľi sheyi he túku
stream yãki yąki éŋi jægi aŋí jèdzi yèchì, (ite) dèzí, eta yàri
swamp, bog
temple kùmupun kùmupùmu kùfùmu
thicket, grove khōja
tower makpa mópa
town (kmǫ) gùmu gùmu
upper (łiγi-) hi-
upriver
valley (łiʔna) hiʔna
village tockana phátótsá saignedja ngìmub nyìmiba ngìmi
water kyupʰe ćohe kiphé cufe cɯpœ́ dziphe chìpé zípe difé
west nadũ náom nadun nozú nògù nùgbù nògù hèmbai
wharf
white, bright neγla- wepi- newá- neγla nélo- neğla- nexwe- nehoa- ngeali-