Rrób Tè Jĕhnò/Lexicon

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The following is a lexicon of Rrób Tè Jĕhnò. The "irregular forms" column lists the construct state form of a noun or the attributive form of a verb when they do not conform to the morphological patterns presented in the grammar.

Part of Speech Abbreviations:

  • adv. - adverb
  • conj. - conjunction
  • dem. - demonstrative
  • int. - interjection
  • n. an. - animate noun
  • n. in. - inanimate noun
  • num. - numeral
  • pre. - preposition
  • pron. - pronoun
  • qtf. - indefinite quantifier
  • vi. - intransitive verb
  • vt. - monotransitive verb


RTJ PoS gloss irregular forms
á n. an. sandstorm
á vt. want
ág vi. return, come back
ágh n. in. rock(s), stone(s)
ágh vi. be right, guess correctly
àì vt. fight
áú vt. swallow
àù n. an. lake, inland sea
bá n. an. fingertip
bă n. an. father, paternal uncle mâ
bă vt. be similar to, be like, resemble
bád n. an. orphan dlyád
báí n. in. seed (of a plant), semen (of an animal) màì
báí vi. depart, leave, go away (from somewhere other than speaker or listener)
báíyĕzragh vt. regret
báú n. in. roof báú
báú vt. find
bé n. in. yellow color, yellow pigment, yellow dye, urine (euphamistic) mè
bé vi. be yellow
bé vt. hint, suggest
bè vi. be talented
bè vt. like
bĕ n. in. beer
bĕbă n. an. maternal uncle
bég vt. thank
bĕgă n. an. stingray ĕgă
bĕhnyè n. in. fletchings (of an arrow) mĕhnyè
bĕnà n. in. children (collective plural) hnà
bĕngè n. an. bull (male bovine) ĕdré
bĕp’à vi. be long p’à
bĕp’ég adv. maybe
bĕp’o conj. inanimate relativizer
bĕp’ò vi. be high, tall p’ò
bĕpáú vt. discover, invent
bĕpè vt. love
bĕpég vt. refuse, deny
bĕprég vi. be sick brég
bĕprĕhfĭ vi. have a fever
bĕré n. an. enemy (a person)
bĕzí vt. imitate
bĕzrè vt. dislike
bí n. an. son
bí vi. jump, leap
bĭ n. in. peas
bĭ vi. have achieved mastery, be a master
bíg vi. be private, be personal
blád n. an. child dlád
blŏ vt. reply, respond
bó n. an. horn (of an animal) mò
bò n. in. fate, destiny
bráú n. an. weather màù
bré n. an. friend, companion
brĕ vt. castrate
brĕ vt. change
bréd vt. be exchanged for, switch with
brĭ n. in. grove of beech trees
brò n. in. well, spring, watering hole
bú n. an. hand mò
bù n. in. dye, paint
c'ĭ vi. come, approach (towards speaker)
c’ĕdĕră vi. be difficult
c’à vi. be wet
c’ă vi. be easy
c’é n. an. thumb
c’è n. an. claw
c’è n. in. wool
c’ĕ qtf. any
c’éb n. an. insects, bugs, swarm of insects (collective plural)
c’í n. in. reason, explanation, motivation
c’íd n. in. petal(s)
c’ó n. in. grape(s), wine
cà n. in. courage, bravery hxà
că vt. this (near me)
că n. an. earlobe
cáb vt. choose, pick, select, take
cágh vi. be massive, heavy
cágh vt. fry
cágh vt. remove, take away
cáí n. an. spine hsáí
càì n. in. secret
càì vt. prove gĕhxàì
cé n. in. grass hnyè
cé n. in. black color, black pigment
cè n. an. ewe, sheep (less marked)
cè n. an. person, individual
cĕ qtf. none of the three
cĕ vi. kneel
céb n. in. event
céd n. in. storage, shed, inventory zréd
céd vi. be angry
cég n. an. waterfall
cég vi. move around, wander, go nowhere in particular
cĕk’à vi. crouch
cí n. an. knee
cĭ adv. already
cĭ n. an. neck
cíb vi. be thin dlyíb
có n. an. man, adult male human hxó
có n. in. thing
cr’ă vi. exist
cr’íd vt. shake
crà num. twenty-four
cră n. in. sole(s) (of feet), palm(s) (of hands)
crĭ n. an. scorpion
críb vt. offend, insult
cú n. in. hair
dá vi. be cunning
dà n. an. co-worker, collaborator, colleague
dă n. an. mother, maternal aunt nâ
dă vt. dig
dágh vt. talk to, chat with
dáí vt. say, speak (something)
dáú n. in. land, ground, property, territory
dĕbáú vt. cross
dĕbré n. in. enemy (as a collective group)
dĕbŭ vi. swim, tread water, keep afloat
dĕcr'áb vi. be weak zráb
dĕcr’àù n. in. beach hnàù
dĕdlyŏ n. an. viper, venomous snake
dĕdró vt. control
dĕdrŏ vi. be strong trŏ
dèlo n. in. rules, laws dèlo
dĕmàù n. in. river crossing, ford dĕmàù
dĕnrè n. an. fly (insect) dĕnrè
dĕq’àì vt. promise
dĕréd vt. look foreward to, be excited for gĕzréd
dĕrrĕcr’àì vt. bury
dĕt’ă n. in. firewood
dĕt’è vt. be full of
dĕt’ód qtf. any of three
dĕtáí vt. declare, announce
dĕtĕzríb vt. commit incest with
dĕtr’íd n. an. earthquake
dĕtrĕ vt. try, strive
dĕtú n. an. squid
dĕwíg vt. whisper
dĕzrá vi. be cold, feel cold zá
dí n. an. bat
dígh vt. extingush, kill, destroy completely
dlă vi. rattle, clatter
dláb n. in. path, trail, route
dlád num. twelve
dlágh vt. keep, retain, hold onto
dláí vt. slap
dláú adv. there (at a distance from the speaker)
dláú vt. smell, perceive a scent
dlĕdrĕ vi. be sticky
dlĕhsrè n. an. stepchild
dlĕkhă n. in. earwax dlĕkhă
dlĭ n. in. turnips
dlò vt. melt
dlŏ n. in. grime, filth, muck, garbage, human feces
dlŏ vt. get, recieve
dlràì n. in. snot, nasal mucous
dlré vt. watch, look at
dlrĕ vt. sculpt, mash, put together
dlréd qtf. each
dlréd n. in. time, duration
dlró n. an. siblings, parallel cousins ĕró
dlrŏ n. in. beans
dlŭ vt. bind, tie
dlúb n. an. snail
dlúd n. in. sand dlúd
dlyă n. an. fist
dlyă num. six
dlyé n. an. wet snow, sleet
dlyè n. an. worm ĕlrè
dlyè vi. rise, get up (from sitting or lying)
dlyéb vt. spill
dlyéd n. an. river
dlyĕzrŭ vt. loosen, untie
dlyí n. an. cloud
dlyĭ vt. mold (from clay)
dlyíb n. in. dung ĕlríb
dlyíd n. in. soup, stew
dlyíd n. in. stalk, stem
dlyó n. in. mud
dó n. an. season nò
dó vt. start, begin
dò n. an. billygoat
dò n. an. chest (body part)
dŏ pron. it, they, all of it, all of their, its, their
dóg n. an. ant
dóg n. in. reef, shoal
dóg n. in. wood (material)
dră n. in. the west dră
dră vt. be able
dré n. an. bird
drĕ n. in. menstrual period ngê
drĕ vt. make, create
drég vt. rob, pillage, sack
drég vt. waste
drĭ vt. allow, let, permit
dríd adv. here (near the speaker)
dró n. an. shoulder
drŏ n. in. poison
dróg vi. go hunting, be a hunter
drŭ n. an. paternal aunt dlŭ
dú vi. be fragrant, smell good
dú vt. inherit
dŭ adv. really, indeed (emphatic particle)
dŭ n. an. fin
dúgh vi. vomit
e conj. or
é n. an. male bird
é vi. be unreal, imaginary
è vt. shine on
ĕbă n. in. agricultural field, yard, garden hmâ
ĕbĕdră n. in. sunset, sundown, late afternoon
ĕbĕhsrè n. in. brideprice ĕmĕhsrè
ĕbógĕtrub n. in. a 'tithe' paid to the family of the queen during major seasonal festivals
ĕbrí n. an. grasshopper
ĕcé n. an. grass snake
ĕcó n. in. knife
ĕcr'è n. an. mosquito
ĕcr’íg n. in. triangle (shape) ĕzríg
ĕcráú n. an. prisoner, hostage ĕcráú
ĕcrĕ n. in. intestine, rectum
ĕcrĕbĭ n. an. planet (astronomical)
ĕdá n. in. fleet, group of boats (collective plural) ĕdá
ĕdă n. an. termite dlă
ĕdláú n. in. sense of smell grĕlráú
ĕdlĕdrĕ n. in. stickiness ĕlĕdrĕ
ĕdŏ pron. it, its
ĕdráí n. an. turtle
ĕdráíja n. an. fresh-water turtle
ĕdrĕ vi. be poor
ĕdrĕ vt. commit
ĕdrĕhì vt. battle, make war on
ĕdró n. in. painting, mural, man-made image, art
ĕdróg n. an. hunter
ĕdrú n. an. heir
ĕdrŭ n. in. free-standing wall, fortification, dike
ĕdú n. in. apple trees
ĕdúd n. in. battle, skirmish
ĕdúgh vt. empty túgh
ĕgĕká n. in. megalithic structure marking an astronomical alignment
ĕgĕtr’íg n. in. crystal(s)
ĕghĕkh’ad n. in. travois, sledge
ĕgrágh n. in. obsidian
ĕgràù n. in. life
ĕhá n. in. riverbank ĕgrá
ĕháí n. in. feeling, sense, intuition gréya
ĕhlĕzó n. in. bandage
ĕhlrĕ n. in. gypsum
ĕhlrĕ n. in. laquer, glue
ĕhxíg n. an. ankle
ĕjà n. an. fresh-water salmon
ĕjĕ vi. be unfortunate, be unlucky
ĕjĕ vi. float
ĕjéd n. in. judgement, decision ĕxéd
ĕjí vi. be afraid
ĕjú n. in. bile
ĕkă n. an. elephant
ĕgă n. an. weather màù
ĕkád n. in. color, stain ĕgád
ĕkĕgrî vi. be renowned, respected, famous
ĕkó n. in. oar
ĕlyĕdĕtú n. in. shaft (of a spear)
ĕlyĕhnyè n. in. shaft (of an arrow)
ĕmâ n. in. burial place, graveyard
ĕmàg n. in. sense of taste
ĕmàìd vi. be honest, be honorable
ĕnà n. an. bear
ĕnòb vi. be thick lúb
ĕnràì n. an. stranger, foreigner
ĕnràìtau n. in. herd of (domestic) cattle (collective plural)
ĕnrĕdĕpĭ n. in. daybreak, sunrise, dawn
ĕnyà n. in. excitement
ĕnyàì vi. be next yàì
ĕnyàì vi. be new, young lyàì
ĕnyàì n. in. school of whales (collective plural)
ĕnyí n. in. sight, vision
ĕnyúb vi. wake up
ĕp’à n. in. bird's nest hmà
ĕp’ĭ vi. grow up, become an adult
ĕpĭ n. an. sun ĕbĭ
ĕpú n. an. knuckle
ĕqàì n. in. bay ĕjàì
ĕqé vi. be bad ú
ĕqĕcĕ vt. govern, rule, have power over
ĕqó vt. cook
ĕrà n. in. low tide
ĕrà n. an. vixen, fox (less marked)
ĕrà vi. undress, go naked
ĕráí vt. protect, guard
ĕràì vt. have sex with (vulgar)
ĕré n. in. circle (shape)
ĕré n. an. bee
ĕrĕbí n. in. summer solstice
ĕrĕcrĭ n. in. necklace, torc
ĕrég n. an. cow (female bovine)
ĕrĕghă n. in. earring
ĕrĕrég n. an. calf
ĕrĕtrúb n. in. finger ring
ĕrĕwég n. in. henge, circular earthwork
ĕrĕzrí n. in. armband, arm ring
ĕrĕzrŭ n. an. malign spirit, witch
ĕrí n. an. rain
ĕrí vi. yawn, gape
ĕrí vi. be thirsty
ĕrrúd n. in. saliva
ĕrŭ vt. bless
ĕrŭ vi. be holy, sacred rrŭ
ĕságh n. an. victim, sacrificial animal ĕrrágh
ĕsrú n. an. leader, guide
ĕtĕcǔ vi. be ashamed
ĕtĕdró n. in. rudder
ĕtò n. in. house, home ĕdò
ĕtǔ vt. endure, withstand
ĕtr’úg n. an. priest(ess), sage, holy person
ĕtrád n. in. dot, mark, blemish
ĕváú vi. be deep yáú
ĕvŭ vt. slay, kill in battle
ĕwá n. in. blood éwa
ĕwă vi. be white k’íb
ĕwáígh vi. complain, gripe
ĕwé vi. be friendly
ĕwĕ vi. be black
ĕwĕbád n. in. palace, majesting house, dwelling of king/chieftain
éwĕdre n. in. menstrual blood
ĕwĕgrég n. an. queen
ĕwĕqă n. an. raven
ĕwíg vi. flow, blow
ĕză vt. succeed
ĕzé vi. grumble, mumble
ĕzí n. in. fingernails hnyí
ĕzĭ n. in. group, organization, society
ĕzú vi. be foolish, stupid
ĕzrâ vt. trade, trade in (a commodity)
ĕzríb vt. complain about, protest
fá vi. fall
fă n. an. brother ĕyă
fáí n. an. wave
fàì num. five
fáú vt. pass, move on, move toward
fàù vt. sing
fé n. an. wasp ĕyé
fé vt. pour (of liquids), strew (of granular solids)
fĕ n. in. spider web
fĕ vt. herd
féd n. an. warrior
fĕhyĕ vi. suffer a fit, convulsion, seizure, attack
fĕkŭ vt. burn
fĕsrèrra n. an. tide(s) fĕrèrra
fĕsrèrrĕdo n. in. calendar fĕrèrrĕdo
fĕwíg vt. consider
fĕzrè n. in. cycle, recurring event or process fĕsrè
fĕzréd n. in. warband, militia, gang (collective plural) ĕzréd
fi article the (inanimate)
fĭ vi. burn
fĭ vt. wrap around
fó n. an. bladder
fó vi. be blind
fŏ n. in. pan
fód n. in. gill
fóg n. an. beetle
fríd n. in. right (direction) ĕríd
fŭ n. an. wind
gá n. in. branch ngà
gà n. in. mace, scepter, weapon
gà vt. sew
gă vi. clap (hands)
gă vt. request
gàhno vt. mend (of cloth)
gári n. an. rainbow
gáú n. in. seashell(s)
gáú n. in. bead(s) ngàù
gàù n. in. place, area, region
gáúdlo n. in. midden, waste collection area
gàweg n. in. monumental earthwork
Gĕgĕsă n. in. chthonic home of evil spirits
gĕgré vt. lie, tell a lie to
gĕk’úb vi. stink
gĕnì vt. steal
gĕtr’óg vt. hunt
gĕtráí n. in. bottom (of a body of water) gĕdráí
gĕzréd n. in. copper, copperware
gĕkú vt. wonder about, imagine
ghă n. an. ear
ghĕkhó vt. respect
ghí n. in. minority
ghó vi. listen
ghŏ n. in. flint ngô
ghŏ n. in. grove of ash trees
ghŭ adv. only, merely, just, simply
ghŭ n. in. hills ngô
ghúgh vt. kick
gi article the (animate)
gí n. in. red color, red pigment nyè
gí vi. be red
gĭ n. an. freshwater eel nyê
gĭ n. an. parent, same-sex parental sibling ngê
gò n. an. thunder
gŏ vt. touch, get in contact with
gód n. an. married couple
gòrrĕfu n. in. roof
gră n. an. breast
gră n. in. point, tip
gră vt. forbid, ban kă
grág vt. hurt, wound, injure, harm kág
grágh n. in. happiness
grágh n. in. rightness, righteousness
gràì n. an. daughter
gràù vi. live kàù
gré n. in. lie, falsehood
gré vi. be wrong gĕgré
grĕ n. in. adze
gréd qtf. the entire, all (of inanimates)
grég n. an. woman dlrég
grĕgré vi. be the middle one, be in the middle gré
grĕgráítib n. in. sense of touch
grĕhnò n. in. the world (geographical), Akana
grĕjàì n. in. problem ĕhyàì
Grĕpàì n. in. mythical homeland
grĕrég n. an. mistress, prostitute dlĕrég
grĕyágh n. in. sadness, grief
grí n. an. fish
gró n. in. illness, disease
gró vi. defecate
grób n. in. hearing
grógĕk’ud n. an. crotch, groin
gú qtf. few
gú vi. be blue/green
gú n. in. blue/green color, pigment ngò
gúb vi. smell, emit odor (neutral tone)
gúd pron. the two of them
há vi. pray
hà n. an. moon
hă n. in. arrowhead, spearhead
hág vt. hew (with an axe)
háí n. in. midday
háí pron. we, us, our
háí vt. feel, sense
háú n. in. shadow, shade
háú vi. call, shout
háú vt. shout, call out
hĕcáb vt. gather, summon (people)
hĕcră vt. improve, make perfect
hfá n. an. landslide, avalanche fá
hfă n. in. fish scales gră
hfă n. in. shoes ghă
hfáb n. an. skin gráb
hfáí n. in. source, origin sréí
hfég n. in. thanks srég
hfí vi. be course, rough
hí vt. meet
híb vt. realize, become aware of
híg n. an. chin
hlá vt. beg
hlrĕ n. in. mortar (construction material) dlrĕ
hlríg n. an. piglet hlríg
hlyí n. an. fog jí
hlyíg n. an. sow hlyíg
hlyó n. in. slime hlyó
hlyób n. an. firefly hnyób
hlyóg n. in. lily (flower) hnyóg
hlyŭ n. in. grove of poplars dlyŭ
hmà vi. be expensive, precious, dear
hmâ n. in. death
hmàb n. in. rash(es), hives, acne hmàb
hmàd n. in. egg(s)
hmàgh n. in. jadeite hmàgh
hmàgh vt. slaughter
hmàù n. in. orders, commands, instructions
hmàù vt. order, command, instruct
hmè vi. be small mè
hmè vt. wash, clean, clean up
hmê n. in. news, message
hmê vi. be alone
hmĕc’ó n. in. vinyard, patch of grape vines
hmèd n. in. sacrifice (not a human or animal)
hmèd n. in. star
hmèg num. first (ordinal)
hmĕjéd n. in. asters (flower) ĕjéd
hmĕzrá vi. be inexpensive, cheap
hmí n. in. metal nrí
hmì n. in. age, epoch, long time, long period
hmo conj. animate relativizer
hmo conj. if
hmò pron. you three
hmò vi. be good, well mò
hmô n. an. baby ĕbŏ
hmô vt. cover
hmòg n. in. valley
hnà n. in. new moon nĕhnà
hnâ pron. the three of them
hnâ qtf. all three
hnàì n. an. pride of cats (collective plural) hnàì
hnàì n. in. pear(s)
hnàì vt. distribute, share
hnè n. an. flock of goats hnè
hnè vt. fill
hnèb n. an. scabies hnèb
hnèhnya n. an. flock of sheep
hnĕlágh n. in. altar
hngâ n. an. frog
hngâ vt. applaud
hngàù vi. sit
hngê n. in. grove of rowans ĕghĕ
hngê vi. be soft
hngò n. in. salvation, rescue hngògh
hngô vi. be last, the last kh’ŏ
hngô vi. be far, faraway, distant gŭ
hngób n. an. winter solstice
hngòb n. an. evening
hnò n. an. steam hnò
hnò n. an. summer
hnò n. in. corner, cliff
hnò n. in. proof, evidence
hnò vt. fix, repair
hnô n. an. seagull hnô
hnô n. in. notch, nock (of an arrow)
hnô vt. admit, confess
hnòd n. in. pants, trousers
hnòg n. in. marsh
hnră n. an. tiger nĕră
hnu dem. the other
hnyà n. in. dock, harbor, port
hnyâ pron. the three of us
hnyâ vi. be smooth
hnyàì vt. teach (a skill or discipline)
hnyé vt. know, be acquainted with
hnyè n. an. family, clan (of human beings) hnyè
hnyè vi. sink
hnyè vt. notice, take note of
hnyê n. an. heron
hnyê n. an. tail
hnyê n. in. quantity, number
hnyèb vi. be rich
hnyèd n. an. snow ĕjíd
hnyèd n. in. skeleton, collection of bones hnyèd
hnyèg n. an. foot
hnyĭ qtf. a lot
hnyò n. in. brick(s)
hó n. in. lungs
hó vi. navigate, pilot a boat or raft
hó vt. be perpendicular to
hràì vi. be fast, quick
hràì vi. be what? (inanimate)
hráú vi. be who? (animate)
hrígh vt. rape
hsà n. in. coniferous tree forest ĕgrà
hsă n. an. cross cousin sră
hsád n. an. duck hnád
hságh n. in. bread drágh
hsàì n. in. leftovers ĕsràì
hsĕwĕ n. in. ladder hsrè
hsó n. in. start, beginning ĕsró
hsó vt. harvest dlád
hsŏ num. second (ordinal)
hsóg n. in. grove of pine trees hsóg
hsrè n. in. marriage, wedding ĕhwím
hsrígh n. in. rape ĕhrígh
húb n. in. council (organization) húb
hwè n. an. stepparent hwè
hwè vt. marry
hwíd vi. forage, be a forager
hwó n. in. bow
hwŏ vi. stand up (from sitting or lying)
hxá n. an. goose hxá
hxàì vi. teach, be a teacher
hxé n. in. leaves dĕré
hxég n. an. horde, throng, swarm hxég
hxĕmò n. in. dandelion hnyĕmò
hxí n. in. game (for playing) ĕsrí
hxí vi. be sharp
hxĭ n. an. stomach hxĭ
hxó n. in. swamp sĕró
hxú n. in. daisies hnyú
hxú n. in. dance ĕsrú
hxù vi. set up shop, make oneself at home
hyó n. in. dust gró
í vt. drip on
íb vt. praise
já n. an. sky
já vi. be in pain
jà n. an. traitor, criminal, trickster
jă n. an. magpie nyâ
jáí n. in. dwelling, home nyàì
jáí vt. dwell, live in
jàì vi. depart, leave, go away (from speaker)
jé n. an. baby bird nyè
jè n. in. threat dlyè
jè vt. reflect (of light, images)
jè vt. threaten
jĕ n. an. eye nyê
jĕbĕpàù n. an. skull nyĕbĕpàù
jéd n. an. fire
jéd vt. judge, conclude, decide
jég n. an. liver dlyég
jĕgĕtráí n. an. catfish
Jĕhnò n. in. the coastal region inhabited by the Té-Jĕhno
jĕnâ n. in. bronzeware, bronze
jĕqó vi. be hot, warm qó
jĕrég n. an. spleen dlyĕrég
jĕzró vt. disagree
jí n. an. spouse, husband, wife
jĭ n. an. brain jĭ
jĭ n. an. thrush nyê
jĭ pron. he, she, it; his, her, its
jíd vt. drink
jíg n. in. cry, cries, vocalization(s)
jíg n. in. voice (of a human) dlyíg
jó vt. agree
jú n. an. belly, abdomen (interior)
jú n. an. inhabitant (of a settlement), citizen (of a polity), subject (of a ruler) dlyú
jú n. in. door nyò
júb vi. be straight gĕjúb
k’à vi. walk
k’ă n. in. basket
k’àc’ĕdĕra vi. limp
k’áí vi. depart, leave, go away (from listener)
k’áú n. in. network of caves
k’áú vt. trick
k’ĕdlŏ vt. borrow
k’ĕsód vt. lend
k’í n. an. beak
k’ĭ n. in. mountain range
k’íb n. in. chalk, calcium, white color, white pigment ngè
k’íd n. an. grandparents
k’ú n. an. twin
k’ŭ n. an. hip
Ká n. an. sky goddess
ká vi. be together, be in a group
kà n. an. snake, serpent
kág n. in. mortar (grinding tool)
kàgri n. an. saltwater eel
káú n. an. bitch (female dog)
káú n. an. thigh
káú n. in. hole
káú n. in. trap káú
ké n. an. spider
kè n. in. job, occupation, role, habit, project, work
kĕdĕt’ód qtf. any two of three
kĕxíg n. an. entire leg
kĕzrúb vi. fast (abstain from eating)
kh’ă n. an. female bird
kh’ád vt. bear, carry
kh’áí n. in. bowl, bucket
kh’ĕ vt. hit
kh’ŭ n. in. noise
khă n. in. hearth, firepit
kháú vt. scream at, shout at
khàù vt. seize, take over, conquer, take by force
khó n. an. boar (male pig) khó
khó n. in. respect ĕkhó
khó num. eighteen
khŏ n. in. abacus, any counting tool khŏ
khŏ vt. count
khúb n. in. meal ĕkhúb
khúb vt. eat, consume
kí n. in. digging stick, any digging tool
kó n. in. loom
kŏ n. in. stick pŏ
kód n. in. buttocks
kú n. in. wonder (emotional state) ĕkú
kú num. two
kú vi. dream
kŭ n. in. destruction, ruin ĕkŭ
kŭ vt. break, destroy
kúd n. in. spoils, booty, loot, plunder ĕtrúd
kúd vt. raid, rob
lá vi. laugh
lă vi. be female, be feminine
lád n. in. nit(s) (eggs of louse or similar)
lĕdlré vt. examine, inspect, investigate, study
lĕdráú n. in. size dlráú
lŏ vi. come, approach (towards somewhere other than speaker or listener)
lód vt. ball
lú vi. be dangerous
lŭ vi. be silent
lŭ vt. bar, keep out
lúb n. an. toe
lúgh vi. be rough (of sea or weather)
lyă n. in. limestone
lyàìma n. in. morning
lyé n. in. drip, drops
lyè vi. lie down, recline
lyĕ n. an. dove
lyĕcă vt. shoot (of an arrow or similar projectile)
lyéd n. in. grove of deciduous trees
lyéd vt. train, practice, learn
lyég n. in. forest of deciduous trees
lyég vi. smile
lyĕhfĭ n. in. blanket
lyèk’a vi. crawl
lyí vt. fear, be afraid of
lyĭ vt. pull, milk (an animal)
lyíg n. in. fabric
má n. an. captain (of a boat or ship)
mà n. an. lip
mà vi. stop, halt, cease, come to an end, die
mâ vi. come, approach (towards listener)
màd vi. be tired
màg vt. taste
màì n. in. armor, shell (e.g. of a turtle)
màì n. in. flour
màì vt. plot, conspire, scheme
màì n. in. rock(s), stone(s)
màù n. in. fruit
màù vi. be important
màxeg n. an. equinox
mè vt. sacrifice, give as an offering
mê n. in. dew
mê vt. hold, grip, catch
mê vt. tell, say toward
mèd pron. the two of you, you two
mèfai n. an. stream, brook, creek mèfed
mèg n. an. belief, faith, religion
mèg vi. turn around
mĕgră n. in. scales (of a reptile)
mĕhmê vi. be lonely
mĕhmèg vt. turn, rotate, revert
mĕwè n. in. bark cloth
mĕzráú vi. be unimportant
mì vt. pray to
mò n. in. apples, cider (alcohol made from apples)
mò pron. you (singular), your
mò vi. be old úb
mò vt. knead
mô n. in. quartz
moc’éb n. in. hive
mòg n. an. squirrel
mògh n. in. help, assistance
mòpe n. in. flowers
mríd vi. be brave, be courageous
mù n. an. deer
nà n. in. name nàd
nà qtf. all
nà vi. be intelligent, wise
nâ vt. exceed, surpass, be greater than
nàd pron. the two of us, us two
nàd qtf. both
nàì n. in. bed
nàù vt. match, be identical to, be the same
ne conj. and (coordinates non-subject nouns)
nè n. an. nomad
nè n. in. perry (alcohol made from pears)
nèd n. an. magic
nèd n. in. teeth
nĕdrí n. an. autumn, fall
nĕhnê n. in. sleeve (of shirt), leg (of pants) hnê
nĕlréd n. in. the south
nĕp’ĭ n. an. spring (season)
nĕrú n. an. winter
ngà n. in. desert, infertile land, uninhabited land ngàd
ngà vi. prepare (oneself) properly, get ready
ngà vt. bear, give birth to
ngâ n. in. milk
ngàd n. in. nipples
ngàì n. an. nose
ngàì qtf. a little
ngàì vi. be different, be unusual, be another
ngàì vt. seek, look for
ngàù n. an. belly (exterior)
ngè n. in. drum
ngè n. in. grease, fat ngèd
ngè vi. shine
ngĕnge pre. until
ngĕqó vt. boil
ngò n. in. clothes
ngò vi. be open
ngò vt. save, rescue
ngô n. in. anger
ngô n. in. rapids (of a river)
ngô n. in. the east
ngòb vi. become old
ngòd n. in. vengeance, intense rage, vendetta, feud, revenge
ngù vi. be kind
nò n. an. ocean
nô vt. push
nòd vi. serve
nògh n. an. girl
nrágh vi. be hard mê
nyà vi. be excited
nyâ pron. I, me, my hnyè
nyàb n. an. owl species
nyàì n. an. smoke
nyé vi. cry, scream
nyè n. an. nannygoat
nyè n. in. arrow(s)
nyè vi. be short è
nyè vt. see
nyê vi. be safe
nyèb vt. own, possess
nyèd n. an. kitten
nyèg n. an. mare
nyèg n. in. wish
nyèg vt. wish, wish for
nyègh vi. win, be victorious
nyĕhnyé vi. recognize
nyĕhnyè n. an. kid (goat offspring)
nyĕhnyè vi. be unknown
nyĕhnyè vi. drown
nyĕhnyèg n. an. foal (horse offspring)
nyò n. in. beauty
o conj. and (coordinates clauses)
ó n. in. water
ó vi. be calm (of sea or weather)
p’ă n. an. grandfather
p’ád vt. kiss
p’áí n. in. majority
p’àù n. an. lion hlyàù
p’àù n. in. headgear, hat
p’àù vi. be noble
p’è vt. be diagonal to
p’ĕ n. in. granite
p’ĕ vi. be male, be masculine
p’ĕdráí vt. guess
p’ĕzríg vi. be secret
p’ĭ n. in. manner, method, way
p’ĭ vi. grow
p’íb n. an. mite
p’íd n. in. acorn(s) mè
p’íg num. one
p’íg vi. be public
p’ó n. in. part, component
p’ŏ n. an. descendant
p’ód vt. give (as a gift), donate
p’régh n. in. feather(s), coat of feathers
p’ríd vt. influence
p’ú vt. wage, conduct, venture, attempt
p’úb vt. be parallel to
pă n. in. similarity
pă vi. go down, descend, climb down
pă vt. row
pád n. in. village hmàd
págh vt. recieve in trade, buy
pàì n. in. baked goods, pastries
pàì vt. bake
páú n. in. hammer
pàù n. an. head
pé num. four
pè n. in. love ĕpè
pè vi. be peaceful, calm (of emotions)
pĕ n. in. dirt, floor
pĕzrég n. an. soul, spirit hsrég
pí vi. be closed
pĭ n. in. plants, crops, vegetation hmê
pĭ vt. go between, pass between, be between
píd n. in. oak woodland
plŭ n. an. day
pó n. in. the north
pŏ vt. overlook, offer a view of
práí n. in. dough
pú n. an. trunk (of an elephant or anteater)
q’á n. in. pain
q’ă n. an. hawk
q’àì vi. stay, remain
q’e conj. but, however
q’é vt. give in trade, offer in trade, sell
q’è vt. itch, irritate
q’épegh vt. barter, trade with (a partner)
q’ĭ vt. warn
q’íd n. an. bone
q’íd n. in. frost
qă adv. completely, perfectly
qă n. an. crow
qĕ n. an. anus
qéd n. an. carp
qéd n. an. embrace
qí n. an. face
qĭ pron. they, their
qĭ vi. be hollow
qíg n. an. mind, thoughts hxíg
qíg n. an. ram (male sheep)
qígh n. in. musical instrument qígh
qígh vt. play (of music)
qó n. in. blisters
ráí n. in. root
ràì n. in. vase, ceramicware for holding liquid
ràìhmed n. in. stone tower for use in sky burials
ràìya n. in. grave
ré vt. intend
rég n. in. fang(s)
rrà n. an. high tide
rrà n. in. plain (geographic)
rră n. in. power, influence, capacity
rră vt. influence, have an impact on
rrág n. an. wing
rráí n. in. sap
rràù vt. recite, tell (of a story)
rrĕ vt. lack, miss, be without
rréb n. an. boy
rréb n. an. newt
rrĕbú n. an. wrist
rrĕcàì n. in. promise, oath, pledge, contract
rrĕcrég n. an. the brightest visible planet, one of the titles of Ká
rrĕdáú n. in. the mainland, Tuysáfa
rrĕdó n. an. year
rrĕdró vt. convince, persuade
rrĕfá vt. drop
rrĕfĭ vt. ignite
rrĕfŭ n. an. storm
rrĕgáú n. in. shield
rrĕgĕtr’íg n. in. jewel
rrĕgód n. an. the royal couple (queen and king)
rrĕgrágh n. in. elation, joy, ecstacy
rrĕgrĕyágh n. in. depression, despair, agony, tragedy
rrĕhà n. in. full moon
rrĕhmí n. in. silver
rrĕhnòg n. in. lagoon, estuary
rrĕjé n. in. fungus, mushroom(s), fairy ring
rrĕjí n. an. king, ruler
rrĕkh’áí n. in. barrel
rrĕkí n. in. mask, veil
rrĕmâ vt. murder
rrĕpád n. in. any large, permanent settlement
rrĕqĭ n. in. warning
rrĕràìya n. in. burial mound (of a king)
rrĕrĕdráú n. an. puppy
rrĕwŏ vi. be big ĕwŏ
rrĕzríd vt. attack
rrĭ n. an. jaw
rrĭ n. in. knot
rríb n. in. salt
rró vi. be content, fulfilled
rrŏ n. in. children (collective plural) hnà
rrú n. an. cold, cold weather
rrú n. an. male fox
rrú vi. be dry
rrú vi. be deaf
rrúb vt. roast
rrúd n. an. mouth
să n. an. sister
ságh n. an. eagle ságh
ságh n. in. truth
sáí n. in. word, utterance
sáú n. in. shape, figure
sĕbŏ n. in. window
sĕdŏ vt. put, place
sĕdríd n. in. justice
sĕgré n. in. center, middle
sĕgró n. in. harvest
sĕlráú n. in. smell, odor
sĕlré n. in. vigil, patrol
sĕrá vt. demand
sĕrĕjĕ n. in. grove of willows
sĕrrĕtá vt. add, mix in
sĕtrí n. in. square (shape) sĕdrí
sĕwă vi. be great sră
sĕwĕgrég n. in. queendom
sĕwĕhnyé vt. expect, anticipate
sĕwŏ vi. go up, ascend, climb
sĕwŏ vt. await
sĕzĭ n. in. testicles and scrotum
sĕzríb n. in. hate, hatred
sĕzríb n. in. offense, insult
sò n. in. soap
sŏ vt. follow
sób n. an. tongue, language
sód vt. give
sráí n. in. pear trees
sràì n. an. embers
sràù n. in. song
sré n. in. intention, plan
srè n. in. liquid
srĕ n. in. clay
srĕ n. in. guts
srĕbĭ n. an. flea
srég n. an. wolf srég
srégh n. in. end, ending, culmination
srĭ n. in. patch of vetches ĕwĭ
srĭ vt. pierce
sró n. in. quest, mission, task
srò n. an. late winter / early spring ĕlrò
srŏ vi. stand (used as a copula)
srŏ vt. chase, pursue
srú n. in. vomit ĕrrú
srŭ vi. be near, nearby, close, neighboring sŭ
srúg vi. be slow
sú n. an. elbow
sú n. in. worry, anxiety
sú vi. lead, guide, be a leader
súb n. an. cheek
súb vt. punch
súg n. in. pool, pond
t’ă n. an. grandmother
t’ĕk’à vi. sneak
t’ó vt. paint, color, dye
t’ŏ vi. be quiet
t’ód qtf. either
t’ú n. in. sea foam
t’úg vt. know (facts, how to do something)
t’úgh num. three
tá n. in. butter
tá n. in. eclipse hsá
tá vi. fly tá
tá vt. join, participate, partake in
tà vt. crush, grind
tă vt. bite
tă vt. plow tă
tágh n. an. stallion
té n. in. swarm of spiders, nest of spiders (collective plural) té
tè n. an. people, ethnic group (irregular collective plural) tè
téd vt. store, keep, retain
tĕrà adv. too much, excessively
tĕră vi. shiver
tĕrĕ vi. understand
ti conj. although
tí n. in. pestle
tíb n. an. digit, finger (not thumb)
to conj. and (used to link sequential verbs)
tó n. in. wall (of a building)
tŏ vi. be fine
tód qtf. neither
tr’è n. in. powder nè
tr’ĕ vt. split, divide
tr’éd n. in. meat, flesh, muscle ŋàì
tr’íg n. an. hail
tràì vt. doubt
trĕ vi. be crooked, be bent
tréb n. in. left (direction)
tréd n. an. male dog
trĕdrĕ vt. explain
trég n. an. cat
trĕgrĕ n. in. nickname
trĕhsrĕqà n. in. shirt, upper body clothing
trĕrìd vi. ride
tríd n. in. argument
tríd vi. be just
tríd vt. argue with
trŏ n. in. pot
trŭ n. in. axe
trúb n. in. festival, feast
tú n. an. line of succession, heirs ĕdrú
tú n. an. story, legend
tú n. in. spear(s)
tŭ n. an. owl species
túb n. an. heart
ú vi. breathe
ú vt. worry about
úb vt. hear
úbreg n. an. noblewoman, clan matriarch
ùdau n. an. domestic cow
úgh vt. help, assist
vă vt. step on
vàù n. an. prey, game animal
vĕgrúb n. an. cockroach hlúb
vĕmê vt. stomp on
vŏ n. in. omen, portents
vób n. an. darkness
vŭ n. in. fact(s)
wá n. an. breath
wá vi. be ready
wà n. in. force, dynamic
wă vt. deserve
wáí n. in. wheat
wàù adv. rather, somewhat
wé vt. lose, misplace
wĕdlŏ vt. earn
wĕdró vt. defeat
Wég n. an. the physical universe, the animating force of the world
wĕlĕ n. in. dagger, sword (of copper or bronze)
wĕsód vt. owe
wĕzrób vi. be hungry
wí n. an. light ĕlrè
wí n. in. air, emptiness
wĭ n. an. gale, gust
wíg n. in. rope
wó pron. you, your (plural)
wŏ vt. use
wób vi. be full (from eating)
wób vi. be lazy
wód n. in. kidneys
wú vi. slip, slide
xá vt. ask, question, interrogate (never "request")
xà n. an. centipede, millipede yà
xă n. an. louse ĕră
xáb n. an. flood ĕráb
xáb vi. rest
xábe n. an. twilight yábe
xáí n. in. coast ĕráí
xe particle no, not (negative particle)
xé n. an. body, torso yé
xé n. in. glacier ĕré
xè n. an. shine, glow, rays (of light)
xè n. in. music ĕrè
xĕ n. in. angle, curve, bend ĕrĕ
xéd n. in. ash, ashes yéd
xéd n. in. shooting star
xég n. an. animal, creature ĕrég
xég n. an. night ĕrég
xégh vt. finish, complete
xĕgràù n. an. widow, widower yĕgràù
xéjub n. in. ditch, line, border
xí n. an. waist
xí n. in. fear, fright ĕlrí
xĭ vi. urinate
xíb n. in. war
xíb vt. go through, pass through
xíg n. an. lower leg
xíg n. in. type, kind, quality
xó n. an. ancestor ĕró
xó vi. go upstream, go against the current
xŏ n. in. table yŏ
xú n. in. sinew, string yú
ya int. oh! (vocative particle), hail!
yá n. in. boat, ship
yá n. in. cream
yà n. an. ice
yà n. in. loam (fertile soil)
yă vi. hail, greet, say goodbye
yág n. an. throat
yágh vi. be happy
yàì n. an. whale
yàì n. in. meadow, pasture
yé adv. too, also, as well
yĕ vt. bend
yéd vt. think, assume
yég vi. sleep
yĕrĕ vi. be previous, be (the) one before ĕrĕ
yĕzrágh vi. be sad
yĕzrŏ vt. take off (of clothing, armor)
yí n. in. texture
yŏ vt. wear (of clothing, armor)
yód n. in. oven
yú n. in. seaweed
yú n. in. tool(s)
yú vt. chew
yúb vi. be awake
yúgh vi. be empty
ză n. in. chimney, smokehole nyâ
ză vi. be industrious, dilligent, hardworking
ză vi. work
záú vt. capture, keep hostage
zé n. in. idea, notion, purpose
zé vt. celebrate
zè vt. believe
zĕ n. in. bridge
zĕ qtf. every
zĕc’è n. an. lamb
zĕcágh vt. separate, disconnect
zĕcè n. an. enemy nation, rival clan cè
zéd n. an. rabbit
zedĕheg n. in. gold
zég n. in. candle nyég
zĕhféd n. in. armory, army
zĕhíg n. in. beard
zĕhxég n. in. barn, housing for animals
zĕkhă n. in. coal
zí n. an. arm
zí vi. go downstream, follow the current
zí vt. play with
zĭ n. an. womb, uterus nyê
zĭ n. in. food
zíb n. in. tent
zó n. in. wound, injury
zó vt. cut
zrá n. an. lightning
zră n. an. lizard
zráb n. an. river delta
zráú n. in. island
zràù n. in. room, hall
zrĕgá n. an. earthworm
zrĭ vt. rub
zrù n. an. neighbor, trading partner
zrŭ n. an. shark zrŭ
zú vi. dance