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Main article: Tsinakan text

Text

Mbi tsip Tsinakan, ngu lu diàka peras, ngu lu diàka âk lu lats um Kasadgad, ngu lu merkàt âk Tol on Imbi:

Isla raits i ob lung ospàk âk lu mebwe âki mpen, isla im as ewek lats sai, selkon. Mbibe tsip luk lats sai roma an lus wimès âkis: "An lu mebwe âka ndong diàka peras. Sompìsna a ombas lats sai. Tsitsau, an ta a ndong naka. Dal lu maldo roma waitsau ob lung ospàk âk lu mebwe âka mpe, ndong dempi."

Sola i, ngu lu merkàt âk Tol on Imbi, ob lung ospàk âk lu mebwe âki mpen, isla ta nonan i isla lunti lats sai roma as selkon isla im, nonan i isla lunti bwaikti âk Ombàsi. Bwenggorna i as on sâpabman i lung ton âkî isla lum omo eptàg. Mbin tsip i: "Dasi âki, ngu lu tol âk luk bwai! Tsurtorbe luk lats roma an lus wimès âkis roma papaube î 'aum dempi' î. Tsitsau, paston ta ak lus kak âk lu lats dautin âklaingko, dasi âki! Esompìs lus mpurnim!"

Ranton Ombàsi lus lewai âk lu mabm âki. Ulan a im on tsampin a lum itwam âkim lus bambor. Rambe rong laid, sompìsna i tsis rai mâukowa î. Ebrin i as. Esulna i aus ngaktìs, baus, on gaibra, on pilain i as isla lum lats um Kasadgad.

Interlinear Gloss

Mbi

mbi-∅

say-NPST.SG

Say

tsip

tsip

thus

thus

Tsinakan,

Tsinakan

Tsinakan

Tsinakan,

ngu

ngu

as

as

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

diàka

diàka

king

king

peras,

peras

brave

valiant,

ngu

ngu

as

as

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

diàka

diàka

king

king

âk

âk

POSS

of

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

lats

lats

country

land

um

um

PART

of

Kasadgad,

Kasadgad

Kasadgad

Kasadgad,

ngu

ngu

as

as

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

merkàt

merkàt

brother

brother

âk

âk

POSS

of

Tol

tol

sun

Sun

on

on

and

and

Imbi:

imbi

moon

Moon:

Thus speaks Tsinakan, the great king, king of the land of Kasadgad, brother to the sun and moon:

Isla

isla

towards

Before

raits

raits

CMPL.ADV

that

i

i-∅

1-SUBJ.SG

I

ob

ob

on

on

lung

lu-ng

DEF-OBJ.SG

the

ospàk

ospàk

throne

throne

âk

âk

POSS

of

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

mebwe

mebwe

father

father

âki

âk-i-∅

POSS-1-SUBJ.SG

of me

mpen,

mpe-n

sit-PST.PFV.SG

sat,

isla

isla

towards

towards

im

i-m

1-DAT

me

as

∅-s

COP-PST.IPFV.PL

were

ewek

ewe-k

all-SUBJ.PL

all

lats

lats

country

lands

sai,

sai

foreign

foreign,

selkon.

selkon

hostile

hostile.

Before I sat on the throne of my father, all the foreign countries were hostile against me.

Mbibe

mbi-be

say-PST.PFV.PL

Said

tsip

tsip

thus

thus

luk

lu-k

DEF-SUBJ.PL

the

lats

lats

country

lands

sai

sai

foreign

foreign

roma

roma-∅

REL-SUBJ

that

an

∅-n

COP-NPST.PL

are

lus

lu-s

DEF-OBJ.PL

the

wimès

wimès

neighbor

neighbors

âkis:

âk-i-s

POSS-1-OBJ.PL

of us:

The neighboring foreign countries spoke thus:

"An

∅-n

COP-PST.PFV.SG

Was

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

mebwe

mebwe

father

father

âka

âk-a-∅

POSS-3-SUBJ.SG

of him

ndong

ndo-ng

INDEF(REF)-OBJ.SG

a

diàka

diàka

king

king

peras."

peras

brave

valiant.

"His father was a valiant king."

"Sompìsna

sompìs-n

defeat-PST.PFV.SG

Conquered

a

a-∅

3-SUBJ.SG

he

ombas

omba-s

many-OBJ.PL

many

lats

lats

country

lands

sai."

sai

foreign

foreign.

"He had conquered many enemy countries."

"Tsitsau,

tsitsau

then

Then

an

∅-n

COP-PST.PFV.SG

became

ta

ta

DYNAMIC

 

a

a-∅

3-SUBJ.SG

he

ndong

ndo-ng

INDEF(REF)-OBJ.SG

a

naka."

naka

god

god.

"Then he became a god."

"Dal

dal

but

But

∅

COP

is

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

maldo

maldo

person

person

roma

roma-∅

REL-SUBJ

that

waitsau

waitsau

now

now

ob

ob

on

on

lung

lu-ng

DEF-OBJ.SG

the

ospàk

ospàk

throne

throne

âk

âk

POSS

of

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

mebwe

mebwe

father

father

âka

âk-a-∅

POSS-3-SUBJ.SG

of him

mpe,

mpe-∅

sit-NPST.SG

sits,

ndong

ndo-ng

INDEF(REF)-OBJ.SG

a

dempi."

dempi

child

child.

"But the one who now sits on the throne of his father is a child."

Sola

sola

when

When

i,

i-∅

1-SUBJ.SG

I,

ngu

ngu

as

as

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

merkàt

merkàt

brother

brother

âk

âk

POSS

of

Tol

tol

sun

Sun

on

on

and

and

Imbi,

imbi

moon

Moon,

ob

ob

on

on

lung

lu-ng

DEF-OBJ.SG

the

ospàk

ospàk

throne

throne

âk

âk

POSS

of

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

mebwe

mebwe

father

father

âki

âk-i-∅

POSS-1-SUBJ.SG

of me

mpen,

mpe-n

sit-PST.PFV.SG

sat,

When I, brother to the sun and moon, sat on the throne of my father,

isla

isla

towards

before

ta

ta

DYNAMIC

even

nonan

non-n

go-PST.PFV.SG

went

i

i-∅

1-SUBJ.SG

I

isla

isla

towards

to

lunti

lu-nti

DEF-DAT.PL

the

lats

lats

country

lands

sai

sai

foreign

foreign

roma

roma-∅

REL-SUBJ

that

as

∅-s

COP-PST.IPFV.PL

were

selkon

selkon

hostile

hostile

isla

isla

towards

towards

im,

i-m

1-DAT

me,

even before I went to the foreign countries who were hostile against me,

nonan

non-n

go-PST.PFV.SG

went

i

i-∅

1-SUBJ.SG

I

isla

isla

towards

to

lunti

lu-nti

DEF-DAT.PL

the

bwaikti

bwaikti

feast

feasts

âk

âk

POSS

of

Ombàsi.

Ombàsi

Ombàsi

the Mother Goddess.

I went to the feasts of the Mother Goddess.

Bwenggorna

bwenggor-n

honor-PST.PFV.SG

Honored

i

i-∅

1-SUBJ.SG

I

as

a-s

3-OBJ.PL

them

on

on

and

and

sâpabman

sâpabm-n

lift-PST.PFV.SG

lifted

i

i-∅

1-SUBJ.SG

I

lung

lu-ng

DEF-OBJ.SG

the

ton

ton

hand

hand

âkî

âk-i-ng

POSS-1-OBJ.SG

of me

isla

isla

towards

towards

lum

lu-m

DEF-DAT.SG

the

omo

omo

mother

mother

eptàg.

eptàg-∅

shine-PTCP

shining.

I celebrated them and I lifted my hand towards the shining mother.

Mbin

mbi-n

say-PST.PFV.SG

Said

tsip

tsip

thus

thus

i:

i-∅

1-SUBJ.SG

I:

I spoke thus:

"Dasi

dasi

goddess

Goddess

âki,

âk-i-∅

POSS-1-SUBJ.SG

of me,

ngu

ngu

as

as

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

tol

tol

light

light

âk

âk

POSS

of

luk

lu-k

DEF-SUBJ.PL

the

bwai!"

bwai

star

stars!

"O my mistress, light of the stars!"

"Tsurtorbe

tsurtor-be

insult-PST.PFV.PL

Have belittled

luk

lu-k

DEF-SUBJ.PL

the

lats

lats

country

lands

roma

roma-∅

REL-SUBJ

that

an

∅-n

COP-NPST.PL

are

lus

lu-s

DEF-OBJ.PL

the

wimès

wimès

neighbor

neighbors

âkis

âk-i-s

POSS-1-OBJ.PL

of us

roma

roma-∅

REL-SUBJ

that

papaube

papau-be

name-PST.PFV.PL

named

î

i-ng

1-OBJ.SG

me

'aum

au-m

INDEF(OBL)-DAT.SG

'a

dempi'

dempi

child

child'

î."

i-ng

1-OBJ.SG

me.

"The neighboring countries who called me 'a child' have belittled me."

"Tsitsau,

tsitsau

then

Then,

paston

pasto-n

attack-NPST.PL

are attacking

ta

ta

DYNAMIC

even

ak

a-k

3-SUBJ.PL

they

lus

lu-s

DEF-OBJ.PL

the

kak

kak

border

borders

âk

âk

POSS

of

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

lats

lats

country

land

dautin

dautin

holy

holy

âklaingko,

âk-laingko-∅

POSS-2.HON-SUBJ.SG

of you,

dasi

dasi

goddess

Goddess

âki!"

âk-i-∅

POSS-1-SUBJ.SG

of me!

"Then, they even started to attack the borders of your holy land, my mistress!"

"Esompìs

e-sompìs-∅

IMPER-defeat-NPST.SG

Conquer

lus

lu-s

DEF-OBJ.PL

the

mpurnim!"

mpurnim

heathen

heathens!

"Strike the heathen down!"

Ranton

ranto-n

hear-PST.PFV.SG

Heard

Ombàsi

Ombàsi

Ombàsi

the Mother Goddess

lus

lu-s

DEF-OBJ.PL

the

lewai

lewai

word

words

âk

âk

POSS

of

lu

lu-∅

DEF-SUBJ.SG

the

mabm

mabm

mouth

mouth

âki.

âk-i-∅

POSS-1-SUBJ.SG

of me.

The Mother Goddess heard the words of my mouth.

Ulan

ula-n

rise-PST.PFV.SG

Raised

a

a-∅

3-SUBJ.SG

she

im

i-m

1-DAT

me

on

on

and

and

tsampin

tsampi-n

give-PST.PFV.SG

gave

a

a-∅

3-SUBJ.SG

she

lum

lu-m

DEF-DAT.SG

the

itwam

itwam

arm

arm

âkim

âk-i-m

POSS-1-DAT

of me

lus

lu-s

DEF-OBJ.PL

the

bambor.

bambor

strength

strength.

She rose me up and strengthened my arm.

Rambe

rambe

during

Within

rong

ro-ng

ten-OBJ.SG

ten

laid,

laid

year

years,

sompìsna

sompìs-n

defeat-PST.PFV.SG

defeated

i

i-∅

1-SUBJ.SG

I

tsis

tsi-s

DEM3-OBJ.PL

those

roma

roma-∅

REL-SUBJ

that

mâukowa

mâuk-owa

protest-PLUP.PL

had protested

î.

i-ng

1-OBJ.SG

me.

In ten years, I defeated those who had risen against me.

Ebrin

ebri-n

destroy-PST.PFV.PL

Destroyed

i

i-∅

1-SUBJ.SG

I

as.

a-s

3-OBJ.PL

them.

I destroyed them.

Esulna

esul-n

take-PST.PFV.SG

Took

i

i-∅

1-SUBJ.SG

I

aus

au-s

INDEF(OBL)-OBJ.PL

 

ngaktìs,

ngaktìs

slave

slaves,

baus,

baus

ox

oxen,

on

on

and

and

gaibra,

gaibra

sheep

sheep,

on

on

and

and

pilain

pilai-n

send-PST.PFV.SG

sent

i

i-∅

1-SUBJ.SG

I

as

a-s

3-OBJ.PL

them

isla

isla

towards

to

lum

lu-m

DEF-DAT.SG

the

lats

lats

country

land

um

um

PART

of

Kasadgad.

Kasadgad

Kasadgad

Kasadgad.

I captured prisoners, oxes and sheep, and I sent them back to the land of Kasadgad.

Translation

Thus speaks Tsinakan, the great king, king of the land of Kasadgad, brother to the sun and moon:

Before I sat on the throne of my father, all the foreign countries were hostile against me. The neighboring foreign countries spoke thus: "His father was a valiant king. He had conquered many enemy countries. Then he became a god. But the one who now sits on the throne of his father is a child."

When I, brother to the sun and moon, sat on the throne of my father, even before I went to the foreign countries who were hostile against me, I went to the feasts of the Mother Goddess. I celebrated them and I lifted my hand towards the shining mother. I spoke thus:

"O my mistress, light of the stars! The neighboring countries who called me 'a child' have belittled me. Then, they even started to attack the borders of your holy land, my mistress! Strike the heathen down!"

The mother goddess heard the words of my mouth. She rose me up and strengthened my arm. In ten years, I defeated those who had risen against me. I destroyed them. I captured prisoners, oxes and sheep, and I sent them back to the land of Kasadgad.

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