Kozado/Sound changes
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Sound changes from Adāta to Kozado
- C = any consonant
- P = any occlusive
- Cʲ = any palatalised consonant
- V = any vowel
1. VOCALISATION OF LIQUIDS
- [l] → [u] / _#
- Vr → Vː / _#
- [u uː] → [o oː] / { {[aw];[ew];[oːw];[eːw]}_ ; _[u] }
2. FORTITION
- [w j] → [v ʒ]
- [v ʒ] → [f ʃ] / _C[-voiced]
3. PALATALISATION
- C → Cʲ / _{[i];[e]}
4. MONOPHTHONGISATION
- [aa ee ii oo uu] → [aː eː iː oː uː]
- [au eu iu ou aːu eːu iːu oːu] → [o ø y u oː øː yː uː]
5. VOWEL ELISION
- V[-stress][-long] → Ø / _#
6. LOSS OF FINAL NASALS
- [i iː u uː] → [e eː o oː] / _{[n];[nʲ]}#
- [n nʲ] → Ø / _#
7. PALATALISATION
- Ø → [j] / V_(C)Cʲ
- [tʲ tʰʲ dʲ sʲ zʲ nʲ lʲ] → [ʧ ʧʰ ʤ ʃ ʒ ɲ ʎ]
- [kʲ kʰʲ gʲ ʒʲ xʲ hʲ] → [ʨ ʨʰ ʥ ʑ ɕ ɕ]
8. MONOPHTHONGISATION
- [aj ej øj ij yj oj uj] → [e i y iː yː ø y]
- [aːj eːj øːj iːj yːj oːj uːj] → [eː iː yː iː yː øː yː]
9. LENITION OF FRICATIVES
- [h] → Ø
- [s x] → [h]
- [h] → Ø / _#
10. DEPALATALISATION
- Cʲ → C
- [ʧ ʧʰ ʤ ʃ ʒ] → [ʦ ʦʰ ʣ s z]
- [ʦ ʦʰ ʣ ʨ ʨʰ ʥ] → [θ θ ð ɕ ɕ ʑ]
11. VOWEL ELISION
- V[-stress][-final syllable] → Ø / P_{[l];[ʎ];[r]}
12. VOWEL SHIFT
- [a e ø i y o u] → [ɑ ɛ œ ɪ ʏ ɔ ʊ]
- [aː eː øː iː yː oː uː] → [a e ø i y o u]
- [œ ʏ ʊ ø y o u] → [ɛ ɪ ʏ e i u y]
- [ɔ ɑ ɛ ɪ ʏ] → [o o a e ø]
- [y ø] → [ɨ]
- [i e ɨ] → [j] / _V
- [u o] → [w] / _V
- [e ɨ] → [i] / V_
- [o] → [u] / V_
- [u] → [o] / [w]_
- [i] → [e] / [j]_
- [ai au] → [oi eu]