Doayâu/Lexicon

word	morphology	stem	PoS	meaning	etymology
abu-			v.dt	pass on (as an inheritance)	Ìl. abu
afa		ə	n.i.IV	anger, rage	ʔahpa-
afu-			v.mt	be annoyed by, dislike	ʔoxu- "smell" (influenced by afuri-)
afuisi		i	n.i.VI	air	Kp.L. afuwisi "wind-substance"
afùmai		ai	n.i.IV	shelter, safety; harbor	Kp.L. afumãi "out of the wind"
afùnêa		ea	n.i.IV	yoghurt	Kp.L. afunẽa < PL *apul-i-ganam "bad milk"
afuri-		ə	v.mt	annoy, confront	ʔahpadza-
ai			cj	because	ʔeľ
aigisa			n.i.IV	glory, fame	Ìl. aixisab "power, greatness"
alopu			n.i.IV	carrot	Kp.L. alop
àrè		e/a	n.a.I	wife	ʔàzè-
ápe		e	n.i.VI	fog	Kp.L. ape
ápekì		i	v.it	be unknown, be peculiar	Kp.L. apekĩ "obscure" < "foggy"
àta		ə	n.i.V	feather	ʔèta-
áteama			n.a.I	elder	Kp.L. atẽam "old person"
atì-			adj	old, ancient	Kp.L. atĩ
atùgàru			n.i.III	animal farm; breed (of horses)	Iŋ. otabozɯ́ "farm"
àtsa		ə	n.a.I	lover, spouse	gatsa- (back-formed from the possessed stem)
àtsatá-		a	v.mt	like very much, be in love with	(àtsa- "lover, spouse" + dyn.3)
aufayaba			n.a.I	albatross	Kp.L. aufayab < PL *ahupadab "the one above the wind"
augàri-		ə	v.mt	steal	[zedze-]ʔogùbèdza-
ausiti-		ə	v.mt	take hostage	Iŋ. éiusata "pull"
àyà-			adj	colorful, painted; splendid	Kp.L. ãyã < PL *aniəm < Tm. ahńǫ "color, dye"
àyau-			v.mt+	give (away from the 1st person)	*ʔèdogu- < ʔèdoʔogu- "give away"
bága	(len -gága-)		n.i.VI	snow	Kp.L. bawa
bàgàri-	len -gàgàrə-	ə	v.mt	suggest, propose	bèbèdza- < PW *bẽbẽdza- (cf. Gez. wabɜ̃zɔ- "understand")
bagasi-	len -gagasə-	ə	v.mt	split, divide	bebesa-
bagasíkè	(len -gagasíkè-)	e	n.a.I	stubborn person, troublemaker	Kp.L. bawasikeb "one who has no ears"
bagù	len -gagù-	u	n.i.III	pot	gogùgù- "tool for cooking"
bagù			prep	behind, later than	goguʔu "at the tail of"
baibai	(len -gaibai-)	ai	n.i.IV	disagreement, conflict, rivalry, feud	Kp.L. baibai < PL *gbaigbai "confrontation"
bàká-	len -gàká-	a	v.mt	believe, assume	gòkha- < PW *kʷãcʰa- (cf. Tm. kmąca "estimate")
bapo	len -gapu-	u	n.a.I	blood; strength	goku- < PW *kʷacu
bàri-	len -gàrə-	ə	v.mt	have, possess	bèdza-
bàridi-	len -gàridə-	ə	v.mt	acquire	bèdzadza-
bàrìnáfoaya	len -gàrìnáfoaya-		n.a.I	relative, kinsman (hon)	bèdzànoʔxuwogaja-
basau	len -gasau-		n.a.I	edge; cliff	besògù- "sharp edge, blade"
bau-	len -gau-		v.mt	cook	gogu-
bàyu			prep	at, on	gòdu "on top of"
beabayo	(len -geabayo-)	u	n.a.I	mason, carpenter, architect	Kp.L. beab "one who builds" + aug
biusi-	(len -giusi-)	i	v.mt	build	Kp.L. biusi
boa-	len -goa-	oa	v.it	sleep	guga-
boarè	len -goarè-	e/a	n.i.V	bed	gugàzè- "sleeping-place"
bohá	obl bofó-, len -uhá-	a	n.i.VI	sweat	guhkha < PW *kułtʰa (cf. Gez. kuːtʰɔ)
bufo	len -ufu-	u	n.a.II	wolf	guxu-
bula-	len -ula-		v.it	gesture	Ish. bula
bùnù-	len -ùnù-		v.dt	connect, append, attach	gùľnù- < PW *kilnũ- (cf. Gez. kirnɜ̃- "provide, supply")
bupoayu-	len -upoayu-		v.it+	follow	guku- "behind" + stat
buri-	len -uri-	i	v.it	ask, pose a question	gudzi- < PW *kukya (cf. Tm. koća)
búsaba	(len -úsaba-)		n.a.I	lunatic, fool	Kp.L. busab
bùsaiba-	(len -ùsaiba-)		v.it	be weird, be crazy	Kp.L. busaiba < PL busaigba
bútu	(len -útu-)		n.i.IV	mead	Kp.L. butu "honey"
butsé-		e	adj	holy, sacred, divine	batshe "holiness"
da-		a	pron	(proximate demonstrative)	dze- "this (near me)" & da- "that (near you)"
dà	len -ndə̀-	ə	n.i.V	nose	màdzà- (back-formed from the possessed stem)
dába	(len -yába-)		n.i.IV	insult; blasphemy	Ish. dába "insult, offend"
dadi-	len -radi-, asp -tsadi-	i	v.mt+	say sth. (to so.)	dzedzi-
dàfa	len -làfə-	ə	n.a.II	animal	*głèphà- (cf. głèʔhà-)
dafêa	(len -yafêa-)	ea	n.i.V	paintbrush	Kp.L. dafẽa "tuft" < PL *daəpiŋa "little tail"
dága	obl dábə-, len -lágə-	ə	n.a.I	tribe, ethnicity (of Westerners only)	dłeʔga-
dàhèneo-	(len -yàhèneo-, asp -tàhèneo-)	ea	v.mt	govern (a city); command (a ship)	Ìl. dàxè "give orders" + dur
dàhetsè-	(len -yàhetsè-, asp -tàhetsè-)	e	v.mt	warn	Ìl. dàxecè
daida-	len -raidə-, asp -tsaidə-	ə	v.mt	see; become aware of	dzeľda-
dàká	obl dàpó-, len -ràká-	a	n.a.II	finger	dzèkha < PW *kẽkʰa (cf. Tm. kęka)
dàma	(len -yàmə-)	ə	n.i.III	there, that place	[dze- "this (near me)" & da- "that (near you)"] + ma- "place"
dàra-	len -yàrə-, asp -tàrə-	ə	v.it+	shout	dağadza-
dapú	len -rapú-		n.i.V	sheet (of cloth), blanket	dzokhu < PW *čekʰu "leaf" (cf. Emp. tsoʔ "tea leaf")
dàsi-	len -ràsə-, asp -tsàsə-	ə	v.it	jump, leap	dzèsa- "dance"
dausa	(len -yausə-)	ə	n.i.VI	purpose, diplomatic errand	Šet. dawaz "want"
dausi-	(len -yausi-, asp -tausi-)	i	v.it	swim	Kp.L. dausi
dea-	len -rea-, asp -tsea-	ea	v.it+	sit	dzega-
dêa	len -lêa-	ea	n.i.IV	land, area	dłeʔa-
deari-	len -rearə-, asp -tsearə-	ə	v.mt	put, place	dzegadza- "cause to sit"
deasa	obl deafə-, len -reasə-	ə	n.i.IV	wish; goal; plan	dzijeła "wish, desire"
débu	(len -yébu-)		n.i.VI	ebb	Kp.L. deb
débugau	(len -yébugau-)	au	n.a.I	winter solstice	Kp.L. debuwau < PL *deab u uəl "low tide of the sun"
deorù	len -reorù-		n.i.VII	stool, chair	dzega- "sit" + instr
detsa	len -retsə-	ə	n.a.I	heart	dzehdza-
detsau			prep	from out of	dzehdzoʔu "at the heart of"
dì-	(u dîu-)	i	pron	(emphatic proximate demonstrative)	dze- "this (near me)" + gi- (cataphoric)
dì	obl diu-, len -rì-	i	n.a.II	bee	dzìʔì-
difé	len -rifé-	e	n.i.VI	water	dziphe-
díga			adv	on and on; still	dziʔga "continuously, repetitively"
dìhè-			adj	dangerous; forbidden	Ìl. dìxè-
dìlau	len -rìlau-		n.i.VII	spear, harpoon	dzàlà "stab" + instr
díle	(len -yéle-)	e/a	n.i.III	here	daʔle-
dìlì-	len -yèlə̀-, asp -tìlə̀-	ə	v.it	fly	dàlà-
dína	len -rínə-	ə	n.a.II	goat	dziʔna < PW *kyuʔna (cf. Tm. ćoʔna)
dìnèfu-	len -rìnèfə-, asp -tsìnèfə-	ə	v.it	wake up, rise	dzìnèhpa- < PW *kyanẽ-łpa- (cf. Tm. ćanę "morning")
dìngea	len -rìngea-	ea	n.i.VII	fingertip	dzìňa- "fingernail"
doa-			adj	good	duğa-
doasá	len -yoasá-		n.a.I	good spirit, guardian	duğa-łàğa
dú			cj	so, thus, therefore, in this way	duʔ
dù-			adj	long	dłù-
dudìya	len -rudìya-	o/a	n.a.I	bird	dzaldàjà-
dufoayo	len -rufoayu-	u	n.a.I	fisherman	dzuphugoju-
dùha	obl dùfə-, len -luhə-	ə	n.i.IV	roasted meat	bľùxa- "meat"
duká-			adj	short, small	głukha-
duli	len -ruli-	i	n.i.V	breast (female body part)	dzùʔli-
dùma	len -lùmə-	ə	n.i.IV	berries	głàma-
dùmu-		N	adj	red	dzàma-
dúni-	len -lúnə-, asp -tsúnə-	ə	v.mt	wait for, expect, anticipate	głuʔna- < PW *kłuʔna- (cf. Tm. ćoʔna)
dùnu-			adj	full	dzùnu-
dùngafá	len -rùngafá-	a	n.i.IV	red beans	dzàmawopha-
dùpígai	len -rùpígai-	ai	n.a.I	Lukpanic person	early Ìl. *dzỳpɨ́ɡʷɑjɨ "fisherman"
dùpuka	obl dùpupə-, len -lùpukə-	ə	n.i.III	house, building (made of wood)	dłũkuka "longhouse"
dure	len -yure-	e/a	n.i.IV	sky	dudze-
duta	len -luta-	ə	n.i.III	pan	głuta < PW *kławta (cf. Tm. ćotwa "pot")
dùtsù			prep	over, above	dzùtsu-ʔu < PW *čĩcu (cf. Tm. ćęco "cloud")
êa-		ea	v.mt+	give [cannot be used with 1st person participants]	ʔèda-
êagili		i	n.i.IV	number, amount	Kp.L. eawili "count"-vn-acc
eama-		ə	n.a.I	honest person	Kp.L. ẽam "straight person"
efàya-			v.it+	miss, lack	ʔihmaʔaja- "be without"
efôa		oa	n.i.VII	tip (of an arrow or spear)	Kp.L. efõa < PL *eahoana < Emp. ʔéʔóná "its tooth"
ekâike		e	n.i.IV	game; competition	Kp.L. ekaike < PL *eakaikea < Emp. ékayé
êogôeya-			v.mt+	bestow a name on; praise	ʔìjoʔu ʔèda- "give a name"
êogùma		ə	n.a.I	hero, protagonist	ʔìjoʔu ʔàma "with a name"
êoso-		o	v.mt	spoil, sabotage	Kp.L. euso < PL *eavusoa < Emp. éwodzó "ruin a party"
eta		ə	n.a.I	captain (of a ship)	ʔehda < PW *ʔełda (cf. Gez. eːdɔ "lord")
étu			n.i.VII	brick	Kp.L. etu
eyai		ai	n.i.IV	death	Kp.L. eyãi
fà			cj	also, and then, next, afterwards	phà
fá-		a	qu	all, every	pha-
fáfáti-		ə	v.mt+	shoot, hurl (as a weapon)	phaphaʔta-
fagi		i	n.i.III	door, gate	Kp.L. fawi
fagíba-			v.it	be surprised	Kp.L. fawiba
fâi		ai	n.i.III	box, case, basket	Kp.L. fãi < PL *peani < Tm. peńi "basket"
fainiba-			v.mt	recognize, be familiar with	Kp.L. fãiniba < PL *pamiligba "see and know"
faingi-		i	v.mt	sail, navigate to	Kp.L. fãiki
fala		ə	n.i.VI	cloud	phèľa-
fáli-		ə	adj	far, distant; unlikely	phala-
fàmá			n.i.VII	nail	Kp.L. fãmap
fári-		ə	v.mt	collect, gather	pha- "all, every" + caus
fásai		ai	n.i.VII	coin	Kp.L. fasai < PL *pasagai
fásautù			n.i.IV	money	(fásai "coin" + abstr)
fátàyè		i	n.i.IV	effort, attempt	phaʔtèğì- "throw-vn"
fáti-		ə	v.mt	throw	phaʔta-
faukì-		i	adj	loud	Kp.L. faukĩ < PL *pau "cry out (of animals)" + *-kim (adjectivizer)
fêa		ea	n.i.VII	laurel tree	Kp.L. fẽa
fésafu			n.i.VI	language	Kp.L. fesafu "tongue-speech"
fì	obl fiu-	i	n.i.VII	beginning, origin	phiji- "seed"
fífutsu			adv	seemingly, superficially	phiłutsu "like tree-bark"
fíga-			v.it	breathe, blow; sigh	phiwo-
figai-		ai	adj	true, real, typical	Kp.L. fiwai "correct"
figautù			n.i.IV	truth, reality	(figai- "true" + abstr)
fíli-		ə	adj	hidden, invisible	phìʔla- < PW *pʰĩbła- (cf. Tm. pehńa "disappear")
fìmàyù			n.i.IV	fact, hint, good advice	Kp.L. fimãyũ "that which is correct"
físi	obl fífu-	i	n.i.VII	tree bark	phiłi-
fíti-		ə	adj	weak; timid	phita- "small"
fôa		oa	n.a.I	military leader, general	phuga- "chief"
foaká		a	n.a.I	power, dominion, authority	phugakha- "chief-thing"
fobu			n.a.I	concubine	Ish. hobu
fôe			n.i.IV	spring	Kp.L. fõi < PL *pumai "the growing"
Fólu			n.a.I	the sea goddess Fólu (Poalu)	Kp.L. Folu
Fólùmù			n.i.III	the city of Poalugbum	Kp.L. Folumũ
fósi			n.i.V	mouth	Kp.L. fohi
fosíki-		i	v.mt	safeguard, hide sth.	Kp.L. fosiki "be silent" < PL *poahisiki "not having a mouth"
fufù			n.i.V	fur	Kp.L. fufũ < PL *huəb u hum "hair of animals"
fulaha			n.i.VII	gift	Kp.L. fulaha < PL *pulaha < Tm. polaha
fulugu			n.a.I	translator; polyglot	(Kp.L. fu + -lugV-: "language person")
fùmbàma			n.a.I	stock breeder	Kp.L. fũpãm "person facing towards animals"
fùmu			n.a.I	rebel, dissident	Kp.L. fũmu "leader"
furá			cj	however, by contrast	phà dzeʔ "then however"
fúru-			adj	great, important	phuldzu- < PW *pʰuldzu (cf. Gez. pʰuːzu "famous, heroic")
fusau			n.i.VI	song	Kp.L. fusãu
fusàyàma			n.a.I	singer	Kp.L. fusãyãm "one who sings (regularly)"
ga			cj	but, yet	ge
gàfo		u	n.a.I	tool	ğòxu-
gàfulugu			n.a.I	smith	(gàfo + -lugV-: "toolmaker")
gagai-		ai	v.it	smell, emit scent	Kp.L. wawai
gagù	obl gau-		n.a.I	eagle	ğogugu-
gaire		i	n.a.I	neck; back (of the body)	ğeľzi-
gáku			n.i.III	house, building (made of brick or stone)	Kp.L. waku
gala	len -yalə-	ə	n.a.I	child	geľa-
galàrì	len -yalàrì-	ə	n.a.I	girl	geľèdzì-
gálo		u	n.a.II	liver	woʔlu-
galuyu	len -yaluyu-		n.i.IV	mountain	ğeľudu-
ganà		ə	n.i.IV	year	wèʔnà-
ganelilâu			n.a.I	the Wañelinlawag nation	Šet. wañelinlau
ganelíni		i	n.i.IV	the Wañelín lake	Šet. wañelín
ganeofú			n.a.I	the Wañelinlawag emperor	Šet. wañeu hú
garadi-	asp -faradə-	ə	v.mt	kill	wodzedza-
gari-			adj	steep, sloped; difficult	wedzi-
gataiba-	asp -fataiba-		v.dt	answer sth. to so., reply	weta- "turn" + loq
gatáyesi-	asp -fatáyesə-	ə	v.mt	meet, visit, spend time with	weteʔihtsa-
gatunà			adv	in the future	wetùʔnà "next year"
gatsu-	asp -fatsu-		v.mt	eat (of herbivorous animals)	wotsu-
gauga	obl gaubə-	ə	n.i.VI	spit	ğolga-
gaugafáyesi-		ə	v.mt	condemn, curse	ğolgahpaʔihtsa- "spit on"
gauki-	asp -faukə-	ə	v.mt	hit	wolka-
gaupu			n.i.IV	speed, quickness	ğoguku-
gáyo		u	n.a.I	councillor	Ish. gá "elder, official" + aug
gea-		ea	pron	(interrogative pronoun)	ği (interrogative particle) + ja- (anaphoric pronoun)
géka			n.i.IV	duty, task	Kp.L. weka < PL *veaka < Emp. wékhá "weight; burden"
gelai		ai	n.a.I	the Wellawi nation; Wellawi people	Kp.L. welai
gesù			n.i.VI	liquor	Kp.L. wesũ < PL *vuveasum < Emp. wuwédzum "alcohol"
getsi-	len -yetsi-	i	v.mt	wash	ğehdzi-
gi-		i	pron	(relative pronoun; topic marker)	gi- (cataphoric pronoun)
gifoa-			adj	easy, simple	Kp.L. wifõa
giga-	len -iga-	o/a	v.it	breathe, be alive; stir	ğiwo-
giga-	len -iga-	e/a	v.mt	drink (water)	ğibe- "drink"
gigàrù	len -igàrù-	u	n.i.VII	bowl, horn (used for drinking)	ğibòdzù- "drink-tool"
gigoa-	len -igoa-	oa	v.mt	give birth to; beget	ğiwoga-
gìma-		ə	pron	where (interrogative/relative)	ği ma- "which place" & gìma- "the place where"
gìnà			adv	actually, indeed	gìnà < PW *kʷaynã (cf. Gez. kɛna "even, in fact")
gìra-			adj	big	ğàdze-
gitá-			adj	correct; appropriate	gatha-
gìta	len -yètə-	ə	n.i.VI	wind	ğìta-
gítiu			n.a.II	whale	Template:DL
gitù			pron	why, what for	ği thuboʔu "with which root?"
gitsátûi-		e/a	v.it	change for the worse	gatshathuja- "become like dirt"
goafúpu-			v.it	fish (in the sea)	(goe + púpu-: "hunt saltwater fish")
goe		oa	n.a.II	saltwater fish	Kp.L. woi
goleba			n.i.III	tattoo	Kp.L. goleb < PL *gboaleab "that which is under the skin"
gònù			v.it	be flawed	Kp.L. gonũ < PL *guəlum "stain"
gópu			n.a.II	cow; cattle	Kp.L. gop
gósí			adv	today, now, currently, recently	Kp.L. go "day" + PCW sàʔ "during"
guga	len -uga-	ə	n.a.I	slave; serf	PL *gbagba "people, tribe" (very early loanword)
gúlàrì-	len -úlàrì-	i	v.mt	share, distribute	ğuʔlèdzì- < PW *γaw-kłakĩ- (cf. Tm. yoćkę "scatter, disperse")
gulù-			adj	young	ğùʔlù- < PW *γudłũ- (cf. Gez. guːra)
gùmu	len -ùmu-		n.i.III	city	PL *gbum (very early loanword)
gùmù-	asp -kùmə̀-	ə	v.mt	fear	gàmà-
gùmufôa		len -ùmufôa-	n.a.I	the king of Pítau	PL *gbum "city" + PCW phuga- "chief"
gúpa-		e/a	v.mt	start, begin, initiate	ğuʔpe- < PW *γuʔpe- (cf. Tm. yoʔpe)
gure	len -uri-	i	n.a.II	freshwater fish	ğudzi- "fish"
gùsu-	len -ùsu-		v.mt	pull	ğùsu- < PW *γʷĩsu- (cf. Tm. męso "stretch")
hafìma			v.mt	hope	Kp.L. hafĩma < PL *haəpinigba "hold on to a dream"
hagalù			n.i.III	market	Ìl. xagalùl
hálau			n.i.IV	confusion, chaos, disorder	Kp.L. halau < PL *haəlal "mass of small objects"
hàmo-		o	v.mt	betray	Kp.L. hãmo "stab"
haru-			v.mt	prepare	Šet. har
hau			n.i.IV	beans	Kp.L. hau
hèmbai		ai	n.i.IV	west	Kp.L. hãipãi < PL *haimikpani "facing towards the night"
hípu			n.i.VII	crab	Ìl. xikpu
hoageye		e/a	n.a.I	ally; partner	Ìl. xuwageye "friend"
i			cj	if	ʔi
ídi-		i	v.mt	make, create	ʔiʔdzi- < PW *ʔeʔdži- (cf. Gez. eːzi- "form, sculpt, knead")
ígiyai-		ai	v.it	float	Kp.L. iwiyai
ìke		e/a	n.i.VII	weapon	Ìl. ìke
ílai		ai	n.a.II	foot, leg	Kp.L. ilai
ílaimá-		a	v.mt	kick	(ílai + -má-: "do with the foot")
íle		e/a	n.i.IV	salt	ğaʔle-
ìngea		ea	n.i.V	leaf	ğàňa-
ìrè		e/a	n.a.I	woman, wife	ʔàzè-
iri		i	n.i.VII	arrow	jidzi-
iriya		o/a	n.a.I	enemy; menace; marauder	ʔadidaja- "one who causes fear"
isa		ə	n.a.II	hand	ʔiľsa-
Isi		i	n.i.III	the city of Isi	Kp.L. Isi
itîu			n.i.III	canoe	Kp.L. itĩu
itsá-		a	v.mt	strive for	ʔitsha- "fish"
ìye		e/a	n.i.IV	name	ʔìje-
íyesi-		ə	v.it+	come, get to, arrive, achieve	jiʔihtsa-
kà-			adj	dark	khàʔa- "black"
kafifayaba			n.i.III	meat skewer	Kp.L. kafiufayab "thing above the fire"
kafiutu			n.i.III	hearth, oven	Kp.L. kafiutu
kágo-			adj	narrow	khawo-
káka-			v.mt	drink (alcohol)	Kp.L. kaka "drink"
kápa		ə	n.i.VII	tree	khapa-
kápágè-		e	v.mt	mock, scorn	Ìl. kákpágè "curse" (preserving an old meaning)
kápàpù			n.i.IV	forest	khapòkù-
kápó-		o	v.it	laugh	khakho-
karayùká		a	n.a.I	raven, crow	Iŋ. kaojauduká "black bird"
kárì-		ə	v.mt	shake	khadza- < PW *kʰadza- (cf. Tm. kahca)
kâu			prep	as, like, similar to	khòbu < PW *kʰãbu- (cf. Tm. kahmo "almost")
kâugayu-			v.mt	resemble	khòbuʔaju- "be like"
káya			n.i.VI	fire	khaja-
káyafu-		ə	v.mt	burn; pillage	khajahpa-
káyufàpù			n.i.IV	ashes; ruins	khajałòkù-
kea		ea	n.a.I	man, husband	Kp.L. kea
kêayà-			v.it	dance	Kp.L. kẽayã < PL *kimadam "turn repeatedly"
kénu			n.i.IV	face; front side, facade (of a building), bow (of a ship)	Çet. kʷenu "head"
kéri		i	n.i.VII	bush, shrub	kheʔzi < PW *kʰaʔši (cf. Gez. kʰɔːs "tree")
késaba			n.a.I	knife, dagger (for everyday use)	Kp.L. kesa "sharp" + agt.1
kífise		e	n.i.IV	desert	Kp.L. kifise < PL *kipisea < Tm. kipceʔ
kísí			n.a.II	side; cheek	Kp.L. kisip "cheek"
kíta		ə	n.i.III	vagina	khita < PW *kʷʰeyta (cf. Tm. kwihca)
kôato		o	n.i.IV	celebration (non-religious)	Kp.L. kowato < PL *koabatoa < Emp. khampató "night"
kùfùmu			n.i.III	temple	Kp.L. kũfũm
Kùnai			n.a.I	the wind god Kùnai	Kp.L. Kunãi < PL *Kulami
la		ə	n.a.I	man [archaic]	ľa-
làfu			n.i.IV	side effect, corollary	ľoxu- "backside"
lagasúnu			n.i.IV	empire	Šet. tlagazún "throne"
lai		ai	n.a.I	boy	ľegi-
laka	obl lapə-	ə	n.a.I	ear	ľahga-
larago		o/a	n.i.IV	star	zezewo-
lároa-		oa	v.mt	invent, come up with, develop	gloʔzuga- < PW *kleʔšu-dza- "cause to appear" (cf. Tm. ćeʔśo)
làya-			v.it+	be under, be covered by, be hidden	ľaʔaja-
leari-		ə	v.mt	stick in the ground	zìgàdza-
lehi-		ə	adj	beautiful, attractive	glihka- < PW *kliγka- (cf. Tm. cek-)
lídea		ea	n.a.I	thief	Ish. lídea "crook, villain"
lifá-		a	v.mt	wipe	ľipha-
likémi		i	n.a.I	small person; (fig.) child	Ìl. kliké-nmi "short"-dim
likésai		ai	n.a.I	statue, figurine, idol	Ìl. kliké-saip "short god"
lìlìngea-		ea	v.mt	bury	ľàlàňa- "dig"
lìngea-		ea	v.mt	wound; weaken	ľàňa-
lìngeasa	obl lìngeafə-	ə	n.i.VII	crack; notch	ľàňała-
lìpe		e/a	n.i.VII	wood (the material)	glìpe- < PW *klĩpe- (cf. Tm. ćępe)
lire		e/a	n.i.IV	day	zize-
liri		i	n.i.VI	fat, grease	ziľzi-
líta-		ə	v.mt	milk (of animals)	ğlaʔta-
lìtsa		ə	n.a.I	egg	ľàtsa-
lìtsi-		ə	qu	many	ľàtsa-
lìtsiya		a	n.a.I	chick (young bird)	ľatsajaʔa- "egg-child"
lìtsòfù			n.i.III	omelette	ľàtsòhxù "made from eggs"
loagù			prep	towards, in the direction of	gluwoʔu "at the leg of"
loatá-		e/a	v.it	run	gluwo- "leg" + dyn.3
lósa-			v.mt	trade	Kp.L. losa < PL *loasa < Tm. lǫća "exchange"
lugapu			adv	publicly, openly	ľağoku "like smoke"
lugo		o/a	n.i.VI	smoke	ľağo-
lùha	obl lùfə-	ə	n.a.II	meat, flesh	bľùxa- (back-formed from the possessed stem)
lùmau			prep	to the right of	ľùmòʔu "east of"
lùmè		e/a	n.i.IV	east	ľùmè-
lùmu-		N	adj	green; warm	ğłùŋa- "green" & ľàma- "warm"
lùmu-		ə	v.mt	grind, mill	ľùma-
lùne-		e/a	v.mt	carry	ľùne- < PW *lawne- (cf. Gez. rɔune- "own, possess")
lùnga-		e/a	v.it	be valuable, be precious	ğlùňe- < PW *γluñe- (cf. Tm. leńe "be rare")
lúpu-		ə	v.mt	conquer	ľaʔpa- "win, take by raiding"
lùrà-		e/a	v.mt	lift, raise	ğlùdzè- < PW *γludžẽ- (cf. Tm. leńę "seize")
lutsú-			v.mt	push	ľutshu- < PW *lukʰiw- "urge, persuade" (cf. Gez. ruxu- "argue, negotiate")
màfu-			adj	wide, broad, large	mòxu-
mai-			adj	bad, evil	maje- "rotten"
maisá			n.a.I	evil spirit, demon	maje-łàğa
maki-		ə	adj	sharp	mahga-
mále		i	n.a.II	bear	meʔli-
máluyo		u	n.a.I	warrior	meʔludu-
màmu			n.i.III	beach	Kp.L. mãm "sand"
máru-			v.mt	sew	moʔzu-
márupa			n.i.III	robe	moʔzu- "sew" + fact
masi	obl mafu-	i	n.i.VI	shadow	mełi < PW *małi (cf. Tm. mahi)
mâu			n.a.II	sheep	mòğu-
mâukuma		ə	n.i.III	meadow, pasture	mòğùkhàma < PW *mẽγu-cʰama "sheep-land" (cf. Tm. męcahma)
mâulugu			n.a.I	shepherd	(mâu + -lugV: "sheep-person")
máyaga		ə	n.a.I	person dying from an illness	Ìl. máye- "seriously ill" + classifier
mayai			adv	always, forever	Kp.L. mayãi < PL *madami "over and over"
meanì-		i	v.it	be determined to do sth.	Kp.L. mẽanĩ < PL *viŋaliŋi "gather insects" (hab)
meanìté		e	n.a.I	strong-willed person; leader	(meanì- + -té: "one who is highly determined")
mèfì		i	n.a.II	hip	mèhpì < PW *maγpĩ (cf. Tm. mapę)
mìga-			adj	wet; unlucky	mìgo-
Milànea			n.a.I	the fire goddess Milànea (Milalena)	Kp.L. Milanẽa
mìmaitaba			n.i.VI	embers	Kp.L. mĩmãitab < PL *mimivaŋi tab "the hot red one"
mìna		ə	n.a.I	mother	mìna-
mìnda		ə	n.i.VII	ceremony	Kp.L. mĩta
mírì-		i	v.mt	check, test	miʔzi- < PW meʔši- (cf. Tm. meʔse "taste", Gez. meːsi- "try")
mise	obl mifu-	i	n.a.I	tongue	miłi-
misitá-		a	v.it+	speak, talk	miłi- "tongue" + dyn.3
mìsù			n.i.VI	herbal tea	Kp.L. mĩsũ "hot leaves"
mítàmau			n.i.IV	the world	Kp.L. mitãmau
mítànì-		i	v.it	move, go (of people and animals); flow (of rivers)	Kp.L. mitanĩ "run, flow" (hab)
mópa		ə	n.i.VII	tower	Kp.L. mopa < PL *moakpa < Tm. mǫʔpa "summit, peak"
mùgofu-		ə	v.mt	be worried about	màgohpa- < PW *mãkʷa-łpa (cf. Tm. mąkwa "sorrow")
mûi			n.i.VI	high tide	Kp.L. mũi
muimàmau			v.it	persist, press on	Kp.L. mũimãmau < PL *buimigbaŋmau "intend to continue"
mulàrè		e/a	n.i.IV	moon	mazèzè-
mulu			n.i.IV	buckwheat	Kp.L. mulu
mùndui		ui	n.i.III	surroundings, vicinity	Kp.L. mũtui "surroundings (of a city)"
mùnduyù			prep	all around, throughout	(mùndui-obl.sg)
mùrà		ə	n.a.II	hunting dog, hound	màdzà- "nose"
murayu			n.i.IV	sea, ocean	madze- + aug
muri-		ə	v.it	shine	maze-
mùrùmá-		a	v.mt	smell; sense intuitively	màdzà- "nose" + dyn.2
mutìnge		e	n.a.I	the king of Naəgbum	Ìl. mutìnge
mútu			n.a.VII	head	Kp.L. mutu
mùyàmau			n.i.IV	countryside	Kp.L. mũyãmau "land outside of the city"
mùyugau		au	n.a.I	summer solstice	Kp.L. mũyuwau < PL *buimi u uəl "high tide of the sun"
mùyùsi-		i	v.it+	return, continue	Kp.L. mũyũsi
na		ə	pron	(1sg pronoun)	na
nà	erg nasi, obl nafu		pron	(1pl pronoun)	nah
náfau			n.a.I	baby, toddler	Kp.L. nafau
náfìnù			n.i.V	knot	Kp.L. nafinũ "that which is tied"
nàgù			prep	under; right beside, next to	nòğuʔu "at the foot of"
nâi			n.i.V	leather	Kp.L. nãe < PL *laŋea < Emp. tlaŋe "animal skin"
nâibi		i	n.i.III	roof, terrace, platform	Kp.L. naib
nàmâu			n.i.IV	knowledge, wisdom, experience	Kp.L. namãu < PL *navoanu < Emp. nawonu "intelligence"
Namù			n.i.III	the city of Naəgbum	Kp.L. Namũ
nàsè		e	n.i.IV	concern; obstacle	Kp.L. nãsẽ < PL *lanaseam < Emp. lánádzém "my worries"
natá		a	n.i.III	mast, pole, pillar	Ish. nata "beam"
natâi		ai	n.i.VII	chest (male body part)	Kp.L. natãe "all the ribs"
natáyetsi-		i	v.it	bathe oneself	(natâi + getsi-: "wash the body")
nâu-	asp -fâu-		v.mt	think, consider	nòbu-
naufù			n.i.V	tail	Kp.L. nãufũ < PL *daəŋa u hum "tail of animal"
naunà			n.a.I	army, phalanx	Kp.L. nãunã "many spears"
naunàtélì		i	n.i.IV	battle, combat	(naunà "army" + dyn.3 + vn)
nàyu			n.i.III	field; arable land	Kp.L. nãyu < PL *lamil "earth, soil"
nàyùrè		e/a	n.i.III	farm for grain or vegetables; rural estate	nodùzè "village" < PW *nedu-γẽ (influenced by nàyu)
nayúsi-		i	v.it	be courageous	Kp.L. nayusi "strong, sturdy"
nêa		ea	n.i.III	boat, ship	Kp.L. nẽa
nèfi-	asp -fèfi-	i	v.mt	explain, justify, apologize for	nìhmi- < PW *nẽγmi- (cf. Gez. naːmi- "say")}}
néhi	obl néfə-	i	n.i.VII	belt	Kp.L. nehi < PL *neahi < Tm. nęhi
neomo		o	n.i.IV	dune	Ish. nyòamo
nésànù			n.i.IV	thought, idea, notion, opinion	Kp.L. nesanũ < PL *neasalum
nì-			adj	sour; sad	Kp.L. nĩ
nifá		a	n.i.VI	fog, mist	nipha-
nifuiba-			v.tr	concentrate, focus on	Kp.L. nifuiba < PL *nipuigba "chew (mentally)"
nìgi		i	n.i.VII	necklace	nìwi < PW *nẽwi (cf. Gez. nɜ̃u "brooch, fibula")
nìmi		i	n.i.III	wall	Kp.L. nĩmi
nípaba			n.a.I	coward	Kp.L. nipab "one who fears"
nira-			adj	tame (of animals); cautious (of people); reliable	nadze- "tame"
niraita		ə	n.a.II	domestic animal	nadze- "tame" + nom.II
nire			adv	rarely, unexpectedly, surprisingly	nadze "rarely"
niunù			prep	to the left of	*nàdùnuʔu < Çet. nadun "left, west"
nóbu			n.i.III	letter, glyph	Kp.L. nob
nóbulugu			n.a.I	scholar	(nóbu + -lugV-: "letter-person")
nófùyà			n.i.VII	anchor	Kp.L. nofũyã < PL *nuəp u neama "root of the boat"
nogea-	(asp -fogea-)	ea	v.mt	read	Kp.L. noweab
nôe		oa	n.i.III	sail (of a ship), wing (of a bird)	Kp.L. nũe
notsi-	asp -fotsi-	i	v.mt	turn around, flip over	nuhdzi- < PW *nuγki- (cf. Tm. noki)
nûi		ui	n.i.III	island	Kp.L. nũi < PL *lumi
nûibi-		i	v.it	be visible; be obvious	Kp.L. nuibi "touching the eyes"
nùmè		e/a	n.a.I	honor	nùmè < PW *numẽ (cf. Tm. nomę "face")
nùtsé		e/a	n.i.VI	sunset	nùtshe < PW *nũčʰe (cf. Tm. nǫće "evening")
nùyèmi		i	n.a.I	guest, visitor	Kp.L. nũyẽm < PL *duiŋeab "one who comes"
ngafúyú			n.i.IV	pistachio	Kp.L. ŋafuyub < PL *ŋap u iub "shell-seed"
ngaima			adv	(quotative particle)	Kp.L. ŋãima "[someone] is saying that..."
ngâupu-			v.it	bark, bellow, roar	Kp.L. ŋaup
ngeali-		ə	adj	bright	ňeğla- "white"
ngealìlùma		ə	n.i.IV	mushrooms	ňeğlàgłàma-
ngeobu-			adj	dull, blunt	ňolgu-
ngéseka			n.i.VII	gem, jewel	Kp.L. ŋeseka < PL *ŋeaseaka < Emp. ŋésékhá
ngìmbi		i	n.i.IV	autumn	Kp.L. ŋĩp < PL *ginip "the harvest"
ngìmi		i	n.i.III	village	Kp.L. ŋĩm
ngìpà		ə	n.i.III	hole	ňìpà < PW *ñipã (cf. Gez. ñipa "door")
ngiri-			adj	fine, soft; luxurious	ňizi- "smooth"
ngiriutsú			n.i.V	fine cloth	ňizi- "smooth" + nom.V
ngulu			n.i.IV	onion	Kp.L. ŋulu
ôago		u	n.a.I	rich person	ğùgogu-
oagupu-		ə	v.it	be sick	ʔuwolpa- "vomit"
oayu-			v.it+	be outside of	ğuʔaju-
oayuri-		ə	v.mt	ban, exile	ğuʔaju- "be outside of" + caus
òmokaba			n.a.I	killer, assassin	Ish. òamokaba
pádòtsù		u	n.i.III	catapult	Ish. pádòzù
pàlau			n.a.I	giant; fat or large person	pèľogu-
pàra-		e/a	v.dt	say towards, tell, notify	pèze- < PW *pẽγe- (cf. Tm. peńe)
pautu-			adj	busy, lively, chaotic	Kp.L. pautu "beehive"
pàyù-			v.it	be modest, be polite, be generous, be mild	pòdù- < PW *padũ- (cf. Tm. pnǫ- "a little, somewhat")
pêa-			adj	new	pľàga-
peama		ə	n.i.V	flower	pľàma-
pehi-	u pefə-	ə	v.it	exist, be present, remain, survive	pihka- < PW *piłka- (cf. Tm. pihka)
peosìní		i	n.a.II	foal	Iŋ. pydosànhí
pèyogú			n.a.I	lord, duke	Ish. pèdogú
pígagè-		e	v.it	be necessary	Ìl. píwagè "become more important"
pígagìba-			v.mt	emphasize	Ìl. píwagè "become more important" + loq)
Pítau			n.i.III	the city of Kpitamoa	Kp.L. Pitão
pólu-			v.mt	tie, fasten	kholu-
púga	obl púbə-	ə	n.i.III	raft; primitive rowboat	khulga- "boat"
pùgi		i	n.i.IV	word, statement, utterance	pùği < PW *pũγʷi (cf. Tm. pomi)
púlu			n.i.V	anus	khulu-
pùlùtseo-		ea	v.mt	scout	Iŋ. palucéudo
pùneayè-		e	v.it	be late, be delayed	pùnìʔèjì- < PW *pawnĩ-ʔayĩ- (cf. Tm. pomę- "late")
púpau			n.i.VII	trace; leftover; consequence	khulpogu- "that which is useful for tracking"
púpu-		ə	v.mt	hunt; track down	khulpa-
pùtau			n.i.III	road	pàtògù-
pùti-		ə	v.mt	find one's way to sth.	pàta-
pùtité		e	n.a.I	scout, guide	pàta- + agt.2
rada-			adj	quick	zedze- "run"
radeogu-			v.it+	run away, escape	zedzeʔogu-
ràmu-		N	adj	bad; unwanted; unfortunate	zèma-
ràpàfu-		ə	v.mt	inherit	zèpàhpa- < PW *šepã-łpa- (cf. Tm. śepą "son, heir")
rátáyesi-		ə	v.it+	flow (of rivers)	zeʔteʔihtsa- "flow towards"
rátàri-		ə	v.it	fade, decline	zeʔtaʔadza- "flow away"
ràti-		ə	v.mt	sing	zèta-
rau			adv	only, merely	zògù < PW *šekʷũ (cf. Tm. śekmǫ)
rêa		ea	n.i.III	palm (of the hand)	zìda- "webbing between the fingers"
rea-		ea	v.mt	hear	zija-
reaya-		e/a	v.it+	be on the way towards	zeʔaje-
rêayesi-		ə	v.mt	listen	zijaʔihtsa- "hear towards"
rìgàya-			v.it	stand	zìgà- + stat
rìgo		o/a	n.i.VII	pine	zìwo-
ripu-		ə	qu	an average number of	zipa- "some"
rìyafu-		ə	v.mt	calculate	zìdahpa- "count"
rìyau			prep	among, between, within	zìdoʔu "at the finger-webbing of"
rò			prep	into	zuwo "through; into the middle of"
roa-		oa	v.it	float, drift	zuga-
rùsutá-		a	v.it+	finish	zùsutha- < PW *γĩsu-tʰa- (cf. Gez. gɜ̃s "finally")
sa		ə	pron	(1pl distributive pronoun)	sa
sà		a	n.i.V	eye	łağa-
sá	erg sìgə-, obl sùgə-	irr.	n.a.I	soul; spirit	łàğa-
sai		ai	n.i.IV	night	seji-
sâipi		i	n.a.I	god	Kp.L. saip "spirit, god"
sáki		i	n.i.V	lavender	Kp.L. saki
sápa-			v.mt+	bring	Kp.L. sapa < PL *saəkpa < Tm. calkwa "pile, heap" (n.)
sàre		i	n.a.II	horse	łèzi-
sasageo			n.a.I	orphan	Kp.L. sasawiob "person with no father"
sautu		u	n.i.IV	darkness	sejutu- "night-thing"
sea		ea	n.a.II	snake	łija-
seafu-		ə	v.mt	heal	łijahpa-
seahá		a	n.a.I	guard	Ish. shaha
seaká		a	n.i.VI	venom, poison	łijakha- "snake-thing"
sèfì		i	n.a.II	shoulder	łìhpì < PW *łiγpĩ (cf. Tm. hipę)
seonu			n.i.IV	legend; rumour	Kp.L. sẽanu < PL *seanalu < Emp. senállú "song"
seonulugu			n.a.I	gossipmonger	(seonu + -lugV-: "person associated with legends and rumours")
sìgetsè-		e	v.mt	announce, declare, insist	Ìl. shìgecè
sìgìba-			v.mt	consider, keep in mind, pay attention to	Ìl. sìgè + loq
sìlugo		o/a	n.a.I	priest	łàğlawo-
silùmù			n.a.I	city-dweller	Kp.L. hilumũ "child of the city"
Sìmésita		ə	n.i.III	the city of Siŋmeasita	Kp.L. Sĩmesita
sìna		ə	n.i.IV	lake	łìna-
sìnatsoama			n.a.I	a serene and sober-minded person	Ish. sìnyàzu "thoughtfully" + person; influenced by sìna "lake"
sìnupo-		o	v.mt	ride	Iŋ. sánhupo
sìrì-		i	v.mt	gulp, swallow	sìzì < PW *sayšĩ (cf. Tm. siśę "drink")
síta		a	n.i.III	shore, coastline, riverbank	Kp.L. sita "beach"
sitàmólu			n.i.IV	the Šetâmol language	Šet. šetâmol
sôa		oa	n.i.IV	possessions	Kp.L. sũo < PL *sumoa < Tm. comǫ "content (of a bag)"
sòmau			prep	near, close, adjacent to	łagòmoʔu "in the vicinity of"
su			cj	or	su
suga-			adj	near	łago-
sùgapu			adv	wisely; heroically	łàğa- "soul" + adv
sùgaugadi		i	n.a.I	high priest	łàğoʔu gèʔdzi "facing towards the spirits"
suguya-			v.mt	fight	sabaja-
súha	obl súfə-	ə	n.i.IV	tomorrow	suʔxa-
sùli-		ə	adj	round	sùla-
sùlìtsa		ə	n.i.VII	ball, sphere	(sùli- + -ìtsa-: "round thing")
sùpù-		ə	v.mt	cut	sùpà- < PW *supã- (cf. Gez. supɜ̃-)
súsà-			v.mt	be interested in; investigate	Kp.L. susã < PL *susam < Tm. ćosą "be curious about"
ta		ə	pron	(2sg pronoun)	ta
tà	erg tasi, obl tafu		pron	(2pl pronoun)	tah
tà	obl tugə-	a	n.i.V	grass	taga-
tá-		a	pron	(distal demonstrative)	tha- "that (not visible)"
tá-	asp -sá-	a	v.mt	do	tha-
táfai		ai	n.i.IV	difference; distance; politeness, etiquette	Kp.L. tafai "otherness"
tága-	asp -sága-	o/a	v.mt	change	thawo- "bend"
tágoagu-	asp -ságoagu-	u	v.mt	dodge, sidestep	thawoʔogu- "bend away"
tai-		ai	pron	(emphatic distal demonstrative)	tha- "that (not visible)" + gi- (cataphoric)
taingì-			adj	poisonous, harmful	Kp.L. tãikĩ "bitter"
tàla		ə	n.i.V	clothes	tagala "cloth"
tále		e/a	n.i.IV	steppe, grassland	tagaʔle-
taleagiri			n.i.IV	equinox	tèʔli-ʔayi-zi "they are the same"
Tálitau			n.a.I	the earth god Tálitau (Teletel)	Kp.L. Talitau
tátá-	asp -sátá-	a	v.mt	use	thatha-
tau			n.i.III	hill	Kp.L. tau "mountain, hill"
tâu-	(asp -fâu-)		v.it	fall; die	thòbu-
tâugau			n.i.VII	axe	thòbuga- "fell, chop down" + instr
tâugi-	asp -fâugə-	ə	v.mt	tear down (of buildings or trees); kill (of humans)	thòbuga- "fell, chop down"
tauhì		i	n.i.VII	beak	Kp.L. tãuhĩ < PL *toaŋuhim "bird's horn"
táya			n.i.VI	milk	thaja-
têa-		ea	v.mt	must, should	tàja- < PW *tãya- (cf. Tm. tańa)
têala-	asp -sêala-	e/a	v.mt	rub	*tľeʔle- (cf. tľetľe-)
telu			n.i.VI	an alcoholic drink made from milk	Kp.L. telu < PL *tealu < Emp. théllú
tèmeama			n.a.I	farmer, peasant	Kp.L. temẽam "one who sows (regularly)"
tégi-	(asp -ségi-)	i	v.mt	sow	Kp.L. tewi
tí	erg tì, obl tù		pron	(2pl distributive pronoun)	taʔ
tíbi-	(asp -síbi-)	i	v.it	be healthy, be okay, work as expected	Kp.L. tibi "live"
tíbiu			n.a.I	nobody	Kp.L. tibiu
tìniti		i	n.i.VII	bronze	Ìl. tiniti "metal"
típe		i	n.a.I	daughter	thìʔpi-
tira		ə	n.i.V	hair	tiza-
tísi-	(asp -sísi-)	i	v.mt	write	Kp.L. tisi
tíseaba			n.a.I	scribe	(tísi- "write" + agt.1)
titeagi		i	n.a.I	crowd, gathering	Kp.L. titeawi < PL *titiəgagi "between the people"
títoa-	asp -sítoa-	oa	v.mt	bleach	thituga- < PW *tʰuytudza- (cf. Tm. twihto "grow pale")
tiye-			adj	cold	thàda-
tôa		oa	n.i.VII	root; seed	thuba- "root"
tófuká-	asp -fófuká-	a	v.it+	be glad, be relieved	thoxukha- < PW *tʰału-tʰa- (cf. Tm. taho "joy, fun, happiness")
tòpè		e/a	n.i.VII	spike, thorn	tùhbè < PW *tułbẽ (cf. Tm. tohmę "cactus")
tù			n.i.IV	porridge	Kp.L. tũ
tugeaya-		e/a	v.it+	be at	tabeʔaje-
tuilu-			v.it	smile, smirk, grin	Kp.L. tuilu
tuka	obl tupə-	ə	n.i.III	home; room (in a house)	tuka- "house"
túku			n.i.VII	stone, rock	Kp.L. tuku
túlòfù		u	n.i.V	knitwear	thulòhxù- "made from wool"
túlugasa-	(asp -fúlugasə-)	ə	v.mt	shear (of animals)	thulabesa- "cut wool"
tumà		ə	n.a.I	father	thùŋà
tumeagà		ə	n.a.I	noble	thùňàʔà "uncle; eldest son of the head of the family"
tumeagìla		ə	n.a.I	family, clan	thùňàʔà + coll
tùmì		i	n.i.IV	grape	Kp.L. tumĩ
tùmùtsoa		oa	n.i.VI	wine	Kp.L. tumĩ + PCW tłuwo: "blood of grape"
tupi-		i	qu	some, a few	tupi- "few"
tupíba-	(asp -fupíba-)		v.mt	perform (a ceremony)	Kp.L. tupiba
turù			n.i.VII	knee; bend, corner, loop	thùdzù- "knee"
tsa			cj	and, with	tsa
tsàbò			adv	again, once more, over and over	Ish. chàbòa "repeatedly"
tsagi			cj	also	tsah "also" + emph
tsaigo		o/a	n.i.III	storehouse, granary	tsaľgo < PW *calkʷa (cf. Tm. calkwa "pile, heap")
tsaka	obl tsapə-	ə	n.i.VII	earth, ground	tshèkhà-
tsàlè-		e	v.mt	try	Ìl. càlè "stab"
tsauru			n.i.III	saddle	Iŋ. cegujú "saddle blanket"
tsàyù-			v.it	act in a morally appropriate way	tłòjù- < PW *tleyũ- (cf. Tm. cńǫ- "virtuous")
tsé-		e	pron	(medial demonstrative)	tshe- "that (visible over there)"
tsea		ea	n.i.IV	garden; backyard	tsheja- "soil"
tséka	obl tsépə-	ə	n.i.IV	sand	tshehga-
tsèkòlu			n.i.III	pottery	Ish. cèkòlu "pot; ceramic"
tsésa		ə	n.i.V	dung	tshesa-
tsese		e	n.a.I	solstice and equinox festivities (with human sacrifice)	Ìl. chese "dance"
tsési-		ə	v.dt	teach	tshihta-
tséyai		ai	n.i.IV	garbage, rubbish	tshejegi- "worthless items"
tséye-	(u tseo-)		pron	(emphatic medial demonstrative)	tshe- "that (visible over there)" + gi- (cataphoric)
tséyòfoayu-		u	v.mt	resist, obstruct	tshejòhxùʔòjù- "be like a wall"
tséyòfù		u	n.i.III	fortress	tshejòhxù- "wall, rampart"
tsí			adv	earlier	tshi "yesterday"
tsígo		o/a	n.i.VI	rain	tshiğo < PW *kʰiγʷa (cf. Gez. kʰig "water")
tsìké-			adj	sweet	Ìl. chiìké-
tsíla		ə	n.i.VI	sunrise	tsaʔla < PW *cadła (cf. Gez. tsɔːras "dawn")
tsíli-		ə	adj	dry; barren; useless	tshiʔla-
tsína		ə	n.i.VII	horn	tsheľna-
tsingeatá-		a	v.mt	assemble, collect; merge	tshìňatha- "build, put together"
tsingì-		N	adj	small; slender	tshìňà- "thin"
tsíri			cj	instead	tshidzi
tsìtíba-			v.mt	discuss, negotiate	S.L. dzittibba < PL *diəkuigba "trade, barter"
tsitsa			cj	because	tsatsa
tsìtsì-			adj	straight	Ìl. chìchì-
tsiu			n.i.V	worm	tshibu-
tsiye-		e	v.mt	want	Ìl. chiye
tsoa		oa	n.i.IV	peach, apricot	tsuba- "fruit"
tsófú			n.a.II	deer	tshophu-
tsótoa-		oa	v.mt	offer; sacrifice	tshotuga- "put, place"
tsótu-			v.it	lie down, rest, settle, stay	tshotu-
tsufá-		a	v.mt	find out; understand	tłuphe- "find, discover"
tsufú-			v.mt	irritate, disturb	tsuphu- "itch"
tsuga-		o/a	v.it	go, walk	pławo-
tsugofu-		ə	v.mt	hurt, injure; defeat	tłuwohpa- < PW *tłuwa-łpa- "draw blood"
tsúpe		i	n.i.III	bottle	Iŋ. cɯ́pœː "flasks of water"
tsúpo		u	n.a.II	arm; branch (of a tree); flank (of an army)	tshulpu- "arm"
tsùrè		e/a	n.i.IV	bay, cove	tłùzè < PW *tłuγẽ (cf. Tm. cońę)
tsusì	(u tsufù-)	i	v.it	win, be successful	tshùłì- < PW *čʰewłĩ- (cf. Tm. ćohmę "be more than expected")
ùbù-			adj	intelligent, clever	Ìl. wùgbù-
ufa-		e/a	adj	former, ex-	ʔuphe- < PW *ʔupʰe- (cf. Tm. ohe-)
úgeba			n.a.I	butcher	Kp.L. uweb "one who cuts"
ùgobatsá-		a	v.mt+	supply	Ish. ùgoabazá "feed"
ugùnà			n.a.I	crew (of a ship); group of people working together	Kp.L. ugunã "many hands"
ùka	obl ùpə-	ə	n.i.VII	tooth	ʔùka-
ùkafu-		ə	v.mt	bite	ʔùka- "tooth" + dyn.1
ùkupu-		ə	v.mt	eat vegetables (of humans and non-herbivorous animals)	ʔùkalpa-
ùmàya-			v.it+	accompany; help	ʔàmaʔaja- "be with"
ùmuyo		u	n.a.I	the king of Isi	Ish. ùmu + aug
uri		i	n.i.IV	millet	ğulzi-
úsai		ai	n.i.IV	fig	Kp.L. usai
ùsì-		i	v.it	hurry	ʔùłì- < PW *ʔewłĩ- (cf. Tm. ohmę)
utékìtse		e/a	n.i.IV	diplomacy; foreign relations	Ìl. wetékìce "visit"
uya-			adj	severe, painful, distressing	ğuje- "heavy" (influenced by uyàya-)
uyàya-			v.it	be in pain, suffer	ʔujaʔaja-
uyerisa	obl uyerifə-	ə	n.i.VII	wound, injury	ʔujadzała-
yáfà			n.i.IV	shortcut; tricky way of achieving sth.	Kp.L. yafã < PL *iəpam < Tm. yepę "pass (in mountains)"
yaga			cj	but not	jege
yàgène-		e	v.mt	make friends with; seduce	Ìl. yàwène "make an entrance to"
yàgi-		i	v.it	rest, relax; be sleepy; cuddle	yèbi- < PW *yãbi- (cf. Tm. yomi)
yagù		u	n.a.I	knife, dagger (used for ritual sacrifice)	jogùgù- < PW *yeku-dzũ "tool for eating meat"
yàgupu-		ə	v.mt	suck	jòbulpa-
yâi			adv	in the end, eventually, as a result	Kp.L. yai < PL *eai (gerund of "stop")
yairi			adv	maybe, possibly	ʔiʔayizi "if it is that..."
yaisi-		ə	v.mt+	give (towards the 1st person)	(*àyáyesə- < ʔèdeʔihtsa- "give towards")
yakáyá			n.i.VI	stupid action; joke	Kp.L. yakayap "nonsense"
Yáku			n.i.III	the city of Iəvaku	Kp.L. Yaku
yaloayu-			v.mt	be different from	jolu- "other" + stat
yalu-			qu	other	jolu-
yàmu-		ə	v.it	row	jèma-
yana-		e/a	v.mt	stretch, spread out, expand	jèʔne- < PW *yẽʔne- (cf. Tm. yęʔne "spread")
yànele		e/a	n.i.IV	weak spot	Ìl. yànele "crack, scratch"
yápe-		e	v.mt	take (forcefully)	Ìl. yápe "win, take by raiding"
yápiba-			v.mt	convince, win over	Ìl. yápe "win, take by raiding" + loq
yari-		i	pron	(subordinating pronoun)	jezi- (anaphoric pronoun class X: intangible or abstract nominals)
yari-		ə	v.mt	attack, challenge	jedza- "push"
yàri		i	n.i.VI	river	jèdzi-
yasu			cj	nor	jesu
yatáfai		ai	n.i.III	bridge	Kp.L. [fu] yatafai < PL *[puvu] iətapadi "[road] above the river"
yau-			v.mt	drink (blood or other ceremonial beverages)	jogu- "perform rituals" < PW *yeku- "eat meat"
yaupu			n.i.IV	ritual, tradition, custom	joguku- "that which is done ritually"
yauté		e	n.a.I	master of ceremony	jogu- "perform rituals" + agt.2
yegatsa-		e/a	v.mt	store, keep	jiʔeğahdze- < PW *yiʔe-γałke (cf. Tm. yeʔyahke)
yeogu-			v.it+	leave, depart	jeʔogu-
yeràya-			v.it	be worthy of reverence, be adorable	jadaʔaja- "be old"
yeri-		ə	adj	wise, venerable	jada- "old"
yèsa		ə	n.i.IV	food, meal	jàsa-
yèsafu-		ə	v.it	eat meat	jàsahpa-
yesiri-		ə	v.mt	take, receive	*jihtsadza < jiʔihtsadza- "get"
yesirité		e	n.a.I	host, landlord, innkeeper	(yesiri- + -té-: "one who receives")
yetá-		a	v.mt	support, care for	jatha- "tend, garden"
yetáfu-		ə	v.mt	grow vegetables	jathahpa- "make the garden grow"
yetau			n.i.VII	shovel	jatha- "tend, garden" + instr
yétsèle		e/a	n.i.IV	mistake, blunder	Ìl. íyétsèle
yùbù			n.a.I	messenger	Ìl. yùbù
yùfu-			adj	previous	Ìl. yùxu-
yùgeagí		i	n.a.II	bug, beetle	jàwèdàjìgi < PW *yawẽ-dayẽ-kʷi (cf. Tm. yonayękwi)
yùma		ə	n.i.IV	sun	jàma-
yùmufata		ə	n.i.IV	solstice (in general)	jàmah-weta "sun-turning"
yùmuyá		a	n.a.I	person; human being	jàmajaʔa-
yútu			n.i.IV	period of time between two solstices	Kp.L. yutu

674 words.