AkanaWiki - User contributions [en]

User:Thethief3

2024-09-09T08:24:18Z

Thethief3: Replaced content with "I will no longer be contributing to Akana."

I will no longer be contributing to Akana.

Languages of Akana

2024-09-09T06:14:55Z

Thethief3: /* Southern languages (Team A) */

{{Article}}
:''Note: Language families are sorted by continent, according to where most of the relevant languages are spoken.''

= Northern Peilaš =
[[Image:Peilaš_linguistic_0YP.jpg|thumb|right|500px|A linguistic map of Northern Peilaš around 0 YP, showing the approximate distribution of the major language families. From west to east:<br>
<ul><li>Gray-blue: [[Lukpanic languages]]</li>
<li>Purple: [[Western languages]]</li>
<li>Pink: [[Dimana Lokud|Lokud languages]]</li>
<li>Gold: [[!Ho languages]]</li>
<li>Blue: [[Macro-Edastean languages]]
<ul><li>Light blue: [[Xoronic languages]]</li>
<li>Medium blue: [[Edastean languages]]</li>
<li>Slightly darker medium blue: Other [[Talo-Edastean languages]] (Talo, Zod & Antaggic)</li></ul></li>
<li>Yellow: [[Hitatc languages]]</li>
<li>Red: [[Eigə-Isthmus languages]]
<ul><li>Dark red: Eigə Valley languages</li>
<li>Bright red: Isthmus languages</li></ul></li>
<li>Dark green: [[Peninsular languages]]</li>
<li>Orange: [[Isles languages]]</li>
<li>Bright green: [[Núalís-Takuña languages]]</li>
<li>Brown: [[Mbingmik languages]] ''(on Tuysáfa)''</li>
<li>Olive green: [[Wendoth|Wendoth languages]] ''(on Tuysáfa)''</li></ul>]]

== [[Isles languages]] ==
{{/Isles}}

== [[Macro-Edastean languages]] ==
=== [[Talo-Edastean languages]] ===
*[[Proto-Talo-Edastean]] {{context|(Bwimbai valley, c. -2500 YP)}}
==== [[Edastean languages]] ====
[[Image:Languages-1st-generation-edastean-100.png|thumb|right|500px|A map showing the distribution of Edastean languages around 100 YP. From southwest to northeast:<br>
<ul><li>Red: [[Adāta]]</li>
<li>Purple: [[Ndok Aisô]]</li>
<li>Blue: [[Buruya Nzaysa]]</li>
<li>Dark green: [[Naidda]]</li>
<li>Light green: [[Komejech]]</li>
<li>Olive green: [[Fáralo]]</li>
<li>Orange: [[Qedik]]</li></ul>]]
{{/Edastean}}
==== Talo languages ====
*[[Tlaliolz]] {{context|(Lu Tal, c. 100-300 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius Solis]])}}
==== Zod languages ====
*[[User:Radius/Zod|Zod]] {{context|(Šišin mountains, c. 500 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius Solis]])}}
==== Antaggic languages ====
* Antagg {{context|(Bwimbai valley, c. -1500 YP - [[User:Salmoneus|Salmoneus]])}}
** Mohudza
*** Móyay

=== [[Xoronic languages]] ===
* [[Proto-Xoronic]] {{context|(Eiwəl Gourun, c. -3500 - -2500 YP - pocketful of songs)}}
** [[Habeo languages]]: {{context|(Eiwəl Gourun, c. -1000 - 1000 YP - pocketful of songs)}}
*** Hill Habeo
*** Plains Habeo
*** River Habeo
** [[Damak]]

== [[Eigə-Isthmus languages]] ==
{{/Eigə-Isthmus}}

== [[Western languages]] ==
{{/Western}}

== [[Lukpanic languages]] ==
{{/Lukpanic}}

== Tulameya languages ==
* [[Proto-Tulameya]] {{context|(western Lukpanic coast, c. -2100 YP - [[User:Thedukeofnuke|Thedukeofnuke]])}}

== Lokud languages ==
* [[Dimana Lokud]] {{context|(Western mountains, c. -2000 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}

== Tæm-Hou languages ==
=== [[Peninsular languages]] ===
{{/Peninsular}}
=== [[Hitatc languages]] ===
{{/Hitatc}}

== !Ho languages ==
* [[Ancient !Ho]] {{context|(central Xšalad, c. -2200 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}
** [[Old Xšali]] {{context|(central Xšalad, c. -1200 YP - [[User:Xshalad|Xshalad]])}}
*** [[Xšali]] (Xša) {{context|(central Xšalad, c. 100 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}
*** [[!Huwan]] {{context|(somewhere in Xšalad, c. 100 YP - tentative)}}

== Núalís-Takuña languages ==
{{/Núalís-Takuña}}

<hr />

= Tuysáfa =
[[Image:TuysafaY0.PNG|thumb|right|500px|A map showing the distribution of languages on Tuysáfa around 0 YP.]]
== [[Ronquian languages]] ==
{{/Ronquian}}

== [[Leic languages]] ==
{{/Leic}}

== Wendoth languages ==
* [[Pre-Wendoth]] {{context|(western Tuysáfa, c. -3000 YP - [[User:Alces|Alces]])}}
** [[Wendoth]] {{context|(western Tuysáfa, c. -2000 YP - [[User:Alces|Alces]])}}
*** [[Yèwèdu]] {{context|(northwestern Tuysáfa, c. 0 YP - [[User:CatDoom|CatDoom]])}}
*** [[Hỳng]] {{context|(western Tuysáfa, c. -200 YP - [[User:Alces|Alces]])}}
*** Mboroth {{context|(southwestern Tuysáfa, c. 0 YP - [[User:Alces|Alces]])}}

== Mbingmik languages ==
* [[Proto-Mbingmik]] {{context|(southwestern Tuysáfa, c. -2000 YP - [[User:Cedh|Cedh]])}}

== Muyan languages ==
* [[Proto-Muyan]] {{context|(northwestern Tuysáfa, c. -2000 YP - [[User:Frislander|Frislander]])}}
** [[Omok]] {{context|(northwestern Tuysáfa, c. -500 YP - [[User:Frislander|Frislander]])}}

== [[Dumic languages]] ==
{{/Dumic}}

== [[T1 languages]] ==
{{/T1}}

== Macro-Anatolionesian languages ==
* [[Proto-Macro-Anatolionesian]] {{context|(eastern Tuysáfa, c. -4000 YP)}}
** [[Proto-Anatolionesian]] {{context|(Kyosshin & Ōshin, c. -1200 YP)}}
*** [[Imperial Ōmishiman]] {{context|(Ōmishima, c. 2500 YP - [[User:Thedukeofnuke|Thedukeofnuke]])}}

== Northeastern Tuysáfa languages ==
* [[Proto-Northeastern]] {{context|(northeastern Tuysáfa, c. -6000 YP - [[User:NeonFox|NeonFox]])}}

<hr />

= Zeluzhia =

== Nookesho languages ==
* [[Nookesho Family]] {{context|(West Zeluzhia - [[User:Thethief3|Thethief3]])}}

== Kopian languages ==
* [[Jamna Kopiai]] {{context|(Northeast Zeluzh savanna, c. 1500 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}

== Damo-Tingreya languages ==
* [[Jamna Kopiai/Tipatirápai|Tipatirápai]] {{context|(Northeast Zeluzh savanna, c. 1500 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}

<hr />

= Southern Peilaš =

== Island-Highland languages (Team B) ==
* [[Dzoqi]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - [[User:Akam Chinjir|akam chinjir]])}}
* [[Ethange]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - H13)}}
* [[Jarang]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - Nortaneous)}}
* [[Kʰajlun]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - Zju)}}
* [[Pʰeśin]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - Zju)}}
* [[Puvaŋeŋo]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - [[User:Frislander|Frislander]])}}
* [[Thud]] {{context|(Vüha Island, c. 0 YP - Nortaneous)}}
* [[Tomē Nilōyi]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - dhok)}}

Zeluzhia

2024-09-09T06:14:25Z

Thethief3:

{{Article}}
<div style="position:relative">
[[Image:Akana-blank-NE_hemisphere.jpg|thumb|right|400px|A map of Zeluzhia and surrounding continents.]]
<div style="position:absolute; top:50px; right:260px; font-size:smaller">
'''Peilaš'''
</div>
<div style="position:absolute; top:45px; right:60px; font-size:smaller">
'''Tuysáfa'''
</div>
<div style="position:absolute; top:115px; right:120px; font-size:smaller">
'''Zeluzhia'''
</div>
</div>

'''Zeluzhia''' is a large continent in the world of [[Akana]]. It is located mainly in the Southern Hemisphere, south of [[Tuysáfa]]. It is separated from [[Njemnetsa]] by a small, island-filled sea.

A large, high mountain range, formed by the collision of the Western Zeluzhia plates with the Eastern Zeluzhia Plate, runs north to south through the southeastern part of the continent. The far north is also mountainous.
Most of Zeluzhia is tropical savannah and grasslands; the equatorial regions, and much of the east coast, are covered by rainforest. There are small areas of desert and scrubland in the north and the southwest, and the far south is temperate.

Zeluzhia was populated at some point between -14000 and -12000 [[YP]] by paleolithic hunter-gatherers belonging to the [[Theory of Three Waves#First wave|first wave of human settlement]] of Tuysáfa. Accordingly, most of the indigenous language families of Zeluzhia are considered to belong to the [[Primundic languages|Primundic]] phylum. A couple of [[Mediundic languages|Mediundic]] and [[Ultimundic languages|Ultimundic]] languages are spoken in Zeluzhia as well, but these arrived much later, being clearly related to languages spoken elsewhere. Most of Zeluzhia is dominated by very few language families with the exception of the north which serves as an extension of Tuysafa and the Southeast which has considerable diversity.

The word ''Zeluzhia'' is derived from [[Zeluzh]], the name of a kingdom in the northwestern part of the continent, because Zeluzh was the first nation of Zeluzhia contacted by the great nations of [[Peilaš]].

==Names==

{| {{bluetable|lightbluebg}}
|-
! Language
! Name
! Pronunciation
! Source
|-
! [[Jamna Kopiai]]
| Hioah
| [ˈhɪ.wah]
| "everyone", "the world"
|-
! [[Zele]]
| Tsashagimi
| [tsaˈʃa.ɡi.mi]
| [[Proto-Isles|PI]] ''ta sákimi'', "great South"
|-
! [[Wippwo]]
| Saγãi
| ['sa.ɣãj]
| <-- reflex of ''Tsashagimi''
|-
|}

{{Stub}}

[[Category:Zeluzhia|*]]
[[Category:Geography]]

Timeline/2nd millennium

2024-09-08T05:02:38Z

Thethief3: /* 14th century */

<noinclude>{{DEFAULTSORT:Timeline 4}}</noinclude>
= 1000 – 2000 YP ([[:Category:2nd millennium|2nd millennium]]) =
== 11th century ==
{{Event|Rathedan|c. 1000|The [[Empire of Athalē]] becomes defunct, and fragments into several successor states.}}
{{Event|Huyfarah|c. 1000–1100|[[Woldulaš]] acquires [[Mæmedéi]], and a revitalized [[Lasomo]] takes over the [[Lu Tal|Tal]] and adjacent areas.}}
{{Event|Kasca|c. 1030|Major flood creates new channel through delta in desolate [[Wï'makwå]] region.}}

== 12th century ==
{{Event|Kasca|c. 1140|Emerging town of Wï'makwå turns channel into a stable, navigable canal.}}
{{Event|Kasca|1175|[[Luyosha]] and [[Mospiñor]] declare war on Wï'makwå and are occupied.}}

== 13th century ==
{{Event|Kasca|c. 1250|Wï'makwå takes over [[Ñolo]] and [[Momuva'e]], ending three wars with Ñolo.}}
{{Event|Rathedan|1289|Printing press invented, probably in Rathedān.}}

User:Thethief3

2020-03-27T08:20:35Z

Thethief3:

Agriculture

2020-01-29T08:23:51Z

Thethief3: /* Lené River Agriculture */

{{Invitation}}
{{Article}}
=Agriculture in Peilaš=

==Aiwa Valley System==

One of the earliest and most successful forms of agriculture in [[Peilaš]], the Aiwa Valley system originated with the [[Ngauro]] and neighboring peoples in the general vicinity of the [[Aiwa]] delta. The system ultimately spread northeast into [[Huyfárah]], southern [[Siixtaguna]], and the valleys of the [[Šišin mountains]], south into Hitatc and [[Miwan languages|Miwan]]-speaking regions in and around the [[Ici forest]], and west as far as [[Rathedān]] and the [[Xōron Eiel]]. The relatively narrow range of cultivated species somewhat limits the areas where the system can be successfully employed, but it has proven very successful in the river valleys of eastern Peilaš, where it long supported the growth of towns and cities. The introduction of new legume crops from [[Tuysáfa]] by Isles-speakers would in later years significantly enrich the Aiwa valley system and allow for improved forms of crop rotation.

The primary staple crops of the Aiwa Valley were wheat and barley. By the rise of the [[Ndak Empire]], alluvial land was mostly reserved for irrigated fields of grain, but oxen were kept as beasts of burden and some cattle and sheep were raised. Goats were introduced from the Isthmus region, and horses from the west. Cultivated foods were supplemented with fishing where possible, and with hunting in the hinterlands away from the coast and the river.

{{Commentbox|(Note: Ndak Ta has no known word for "beer," but it is believed that the earliest grain agriculturalists in Peilaš must have used part of their crop to make alcohol. Somewhat later, their selection of intoxicants expanded to include wine and rice alcohol, and probably cider and millet beer as well.)}}

==Lukpanic Coast System==

The [[Lukpanic languages|Lukpanic]] city-states (and likely peoples farther to the northwest) relied on buckwheat as their primary staple, supplemented with figs, Peilaš beans (useful for their nitrogen-fixing ability), and root vegetables like carrots and onions. They also raised cattle (mainly for milk), goats (probably introduced from the east), and bees, whose honey they used as a sweetener and to make mead. Grapes were cultivated for making wine, which was likely an important trade good in the region, and herbs like parsley and hibiscus were grown for their flavor. In addition to cultivated foods, they ate a great deal of fish and gathered insects and other wild foods.

The conquest of the Lukpanic coast by [[Western languages|Western]] speakers didn't drastically change the agricultural system of the region, though it did introduce several important new domestic species, including horses, millet, pigs, and sheep.

{{Commentbox|(Note: It's possible that Aiwa Valley grains might eventually be introduced to the region, possibly partly displacing the cultivation of buckwheat and millet.)}}

==Northeast Coast Subsistence Strategies==

The northern coasts of [[Siixtaguna]] and the Isthmus are difficult places for agricultural societies to survive, but the expansion of the [[Kennan]] demonstrates that this harsh land can support complex societies. This area was one of the first centers of goat domestication, and herding goats and sheep is a major subsistence strategy in the more temperate reaches of the northeast coast. Fishing and hunting marine mammals is another important component, particularly in the relatively barren Kennan homeland and on Tymytỳs and surrounding islands. The Kennan and other peoples in the far north have also taken to herding reindeer, which is better suited to the environment compared to goats and sheep.

==Peilaš Steppe Pastoralism==

Generally similar forms of nomadic pastoralism are practiced in the great [[Western steppe]] and in much of the [[Xōron Eiel]]. These lifestyles emerged out of the earlier Aiwa Valley and western mixed agricultural systems, specializing in order to adapt to marginal regions not well suited to crop cultivation. Steppe pastoralists rely heavily on meat and dairy products, and keep mixed herds consisting mostly of cattle, goats, horses, and sheep. Mobility is essential to the success of the system, as forage is sparse in the semi-arid regions where it is practiced.

==Western Mixed Agriculture==

Although the expansion of the Western-speaking peoples was driven in large part by their domestication of the horse and, to a lesser extent, the pig, within much of their range they practice a form of mixed agriculture which places roughly equal emphasis on farming and animal husbandry. Versions of this system remain the dominant form of agriculture in parts of the Coastal Corridor, [[Kipceʔ desert]], [[Wañelín]], and the [[Tjakori]] and [[Western plateau]]s many thousands of years later, although new crops from the east did eventually enter the region. The Western system also had a significant influence on the forms of agriculture practiced in the neighboring steppe regions and the Lukpanic coast.

The primary staple crop in the Western system is millet, supplemented with Peilaš beans. By -2000 YP at the latest, some Western-speaking peoples were cultivating grapes for wine, and it appears to have been the [[Gezoro]] who introduced winemaking to the Edastean cultural sphere. As far as livestock, this system incorporated horses, pigs, and sheep, and later adopted cattle and goats as well. Where possible, agriculture was supplemented with hunting, fishing and, at times, widespread cannibalism.

==Xšali Wet Rice Agriculture==

Originating in tropical southern [[Xšalad]], this system spread throughout the well-watered lands of the [[Xšali Empire]] and eastward along the coast as far as [[Mrisaŋfa]]. In the peninsula, rice cultivation was supplemented with fruit orchards, including both citrus fruits and apple, and in Xšalad spices were cultivated for cooking and trade. The [[Peninsular languages|Peninsular]] peoples would later carry this system to the islands of [[Fmana-hŋ-Talam]] and to the Lotoka region of the Isthmus. Rice cultivation had also spread at least as far as Buruya by 400 YP, and in later years it thrived on the lower Aiwa and in the Milīr valley, co-existing with the Aiwa valley system throughout much of the Edastean cultural sphere.

==Lené River Agriculture==
The Tropics of South Peilaš primary native crop is Mjýa which grows near water but doesn't need to be flooded like say Rice which was introduced to the region from Xšalad. It has a richer earthier taste and is used for making breads and noodles. These two grains are supplemented by tropical fruits such as Taro, Bananas, Strawberries, Tropical Citrus (Oranges, Limes and Grapefruits), Tropical Stone Fruits (Peach, Apricots and Mango), Spinach and Bok Choy as well as Sugarcane (which grows in water similar to Rice and Tea). Except for Taro, Spinach, Bok Choy and Sugarcane all of the above crops are trees (yes including the strawberries), Banana and Lime are by far the most characteristic of the region the first one being used as the basis of many deserts while the latter is along with Chilli is used as flavouring in many savoury dishes.

Banana is particularly important as a crop due to its high yields through not as important as the grains (humanity is cursed to eat them instead of the more delicious fruits). It is said that the first emperor of Akańárayi had a problem on his hands whether bananas were masculine (due to their long and thin nature which resembled a penis) or feminine (due to their curved shape which resembled a female hip). This debate ravaged the whole country until an unnamed scholar (she was actually called a craftsmen as is customary in Akańárayi society) told the king that the Nyandayi called the Bananas *mirili a feminine word in their language. The king rejoiced and renamed the Banana "princess fruit". It is said that this is why the kings eldest daughter inherited in favour of his eldest son since he had supported the wrong faction through it was more likely due to her greater religous authority. To this day it is considered a complement in this region to tell a girl she has "hips like a banana". Akana's Bananas have delicate seeds similar to cucumbers and have a much higher fat content between 10%-25% depending on the variety. They grow from female flowers which have to be fertilised before they produce them. They grow on plants similar to our own bananas which are called trees by the native inhabitants (because they look like them).

=Agriculture in Tuysáfa=
{{Noticebox|<big>'''''To Be Continued...'''''</big><br />''This section is not finished yet. If you can contribute to its content, feel free to do so!''|green}}

==The Hazāka==

The main crop of the Hazāka is rice, grown in large paddies for which space has been cleared from the forest. These rice paddies are also home to semi-domesticated varieties of fish, with the fish keeping the rice pest-free while fertilising the rice with their droppings. At the coast large salts pans are found, with the salt being an important trading good with inland regions.

==The Northwest Coast/the Ronquian Zone==

Agriculture was not begun natively on the Tuysáfan Northwest coast, and most of the domesticates used in farming are not native to this region, including the main staples, varieties of oats and legumes, notably peas, beans and lentils. These would be grown in specially made plots made through either the draining of swampland or the clearing of a patch of forest. Similar clearing processes are required in order to produce suitable pasture land for their domesticated animals, however once that land has been cleared their it requires relatively little maintenance due to the grazing action of the animals in question, most notably including semi-domesticated herds of deer. Settled hunter-gathering is still important as a source of food, and wild deer, river-fish and nuts and berries remain important sources of food. There is a marked geographical gradiation of the relative dominance of these types, with the cultivation of crops being more disfavoured nearer the coast due to the harsher oceanic weather.

=Agriculture in Zeluzhia=
{{Noticebox|<big>'''''To Be Continued...'''''</big><br />''This section is not finished yet. If you can contribute to its content, feel free to do so!''|green}}

[[Category:Culture]]

Agriculture

2020-01-29T06:27:46Z

Thethief3: /* Lené River Agriculture */

{{Invitation}}
{{Article}}
=Agriculture in Peilaš=

==Aiwa Valley System==

One of the earliest and most successful forms of agriculture in [[Peilaš]], the Aiwa Valley system originated with the [[Ngauro]] and neighboring peoples in the general vicinity of the [[Aiwa]] delta. The system ultimately spread northeast into [[Huyfárah]], southern [[Siixtaguna]], and the valleys of the [[Šišin mountains]], south into Hitatc and [[Miwan languages|Miwan]]-speaking regions in and around the [[Ici forest]], and west as far as [[Rathedān]] and the [[Xōron Eiel]]. The relatively narrow range of cultivated species somewhat limits the areas where the system can be successfully employed, but it has proven very successful in the river valleys of eastern Peilaš, where it long supported the growth of towns and cities. The introduction of new legume crops from [[Tuysáfa]] by Isles-speakers would in later years significantly enrich the Aiwa valley system and allow for improved forms of crop rotation.

The primary staple crops of the Aiwa Valley were wheat and barley. By the rise of the [[Ndak Empire]], alluvial land was mostly reserved for irrigated fields of grain, but oxen were kept as beasts of burden and some cattle and sheep were raised. Goats were introduced from the Isthmus region, and horses from the west. Cultivated foods were supplemented with fishing where possible, and with hunting in the hinterlands away from the coast and the river.

{{Commentbox|(Note: Ndak Ta has no known word for "beer," but it is believed that the earliest grain agriculturalists in Peilaš must have used part of their crop to make alcohol. Somewhat later, their selection of intoxicants expanded to include wine and rice alcohol, and probably cider and millet beer as well.)}}

==Lukpanic Coast System==

The [[Lukpanic languages|Lukpanic]] city-states (and likely peoples farther to the northwest) relied on buckwheat as their primary staple, supplemented with figs, Peilaš beans (useful for their nitrogen-fixing ability), and root vegetables like carrots and onions. They also raised cattle (mainly for milk), goats (probably introduced from the east), and bees, whose honey they used as a sweetener and to make mead. Grapes were cultivated for making wine, which was likely an important trade good in the region, and herbs like parsley and hibiscus were grown for their flavor. In addition to cultivated foods, they ate a great deal of fish and gathered insects and other wild foods.

The conquest of the Lukpanic coast by [[Western languages|Western]] speakers didn't drastically change the agricultural system of the region, though it did introduce several important new domestic species, including horses, millet, pigs, and sheep.

{{Commentbox|(Note: It's possible that Aiwa Valley grains might eventually be introduced to the region, possibly partly displacing the cultivation of buckwheat and millet.)}}

==Northeast Coast Subsistence Strategies==

The northern coasts of [[Siixtaguna]] and the Isthmus are difficult places for agricultural societies to survive, but the expansion of the [[Kennan]] demonstrates that this harsh land can support complex societies. This area was one of the first centers of goat domestication, and herding goats and sheep is a major subsistence strategy in the more temperate reaches of the northeast coast. Fishing and hunting marine mammals is another important component, particularly in the relatively barren Kennan homeland and on Tymytỳs and surrounding islands. The Kennan and other peoples in the far north have also taken to herding reindeer, which is better suited to the environment compared to goats and sheep.

==Peilaš Steppe Pastoralism==

Generally similar forms of nomadic pastoralism are practiced in the great [[Western steppe]] and in much of the [[Xōron Eiel]]. These lifestyles emerged out of the earlier Aiwa Valley and western mixed agricultural systems, specializing in order to adapt to marginal regions not well suited to crop cultivation. Steppe pastoralists rely heavily on meat and dairy products, and keep mixed herds consisting mostly of cattle, goats, horses, and sheep. Mobility is essential to the success of the system, as forage is sparse in the semi-arid regions where it is practiced.

==Western Mixed Agriculture==

Although the expansion of the Western-speaking peoples was driven in large part by their domestication of the horse and, to a lesser extent, the pig, within much of their range they practice a form of mixed agriculture which places roughly equal emphasis on farming and animal husbandry. Versions of this system remain the dominant form of agriculture in parts of the Coastal Corridor, [[Kipceʔ desert]], [[Wañelín]], and the [[Tjakori]] and [[Western plateau]]s many thousands of years later, although new crops from the east did eventually enter the region. The Western system also had a significant influence on the forms of agriculture practiced in the neighboring steppe regions and the Lukpanic coast.

The primary staple crop in the Western system is millet, supplemented with Peilaš beans. By -2000 YP at the latest, some Western-speaking peoples were cultivating grapes for wine, and it appears to have been the [[Gezoro]] who introduced winemaking to the Edastean cultural sphere. As far as livestock, this system incorporated horses, pigs, and sheep, and later adopted cattle and goats as well. Where possible, agriculture was supplemented with hunting, fishing and, at times, widespread cannibalism.

==Xšali Wet Rice Agriculture==

Originating in tropical southern [[Xšalad]], this system spread throughout the well-watered lands of the [[Xšali Empire]] and eastward along the coast as far as [[Mrisaŋfa]]. In the peninsula, rice cultivation was supplemented with fruit orchards, including both citrus fruits and apple, and in Xšalad spices were cultivated for cooking and trade. The [[Peninsular languages|Peninsular]] peoples would later carry this system to the islands of [[Fmana-hŋ-Talam]] and to the Lotoka region of the Isthmus. Rice cultivation had also spread at least as far as Buruya by 400 YP, and in later years it thrived on the lower Aiwa and in the Milīr valley, co-existing with the Aiwa valley system throughout much of the Edastean cultural sphere.

==Lené River Agriculture==
The Tropics of South Peilaš primary native crop is Mjýa which grows near water but doesn't need to be flooded like say Rice which was introduced to the region from Xšalad. It has a richer earthier taste and is used for making breads and noodles. These two grains are supplemented by tropical fruits such as Taro, Bananas, Strawberries, Tropical Citrus (Oranges, Limes and Grapefruits), Tropical Stone Fruits (Peach, Apricots and Mango), Spinach and Bok Choy as well as Sugarcane (which grows in water similar to Rice and Tea). Except for Taro, Spinach, Bok Choy and Sugarcane all of the above crops are trees (yes including the strawberries), Banana and Lime are by far the most characteristic of the region the first one being used as the basis of many deserts while the latter is along with Chilli is used as flavouring in many savoury dishes.

Banana is particularly important as a crop due to its high yields through not as important as the grains (humanity is cursed to eat them instead of the more delicious fruits). It is said that the first emperor of Akańárayi had a problem on his hands whether bananas were masculine (due to their long and thin nature which resembled a penis) or feminine (due to their curved shape which resembled a female hip). This debate ravaged the whole country until an unnamed scholar (he was actually called a craftsmen as is customary in Akańárayi society) told the king that the Nyandayi called the Bananas *mirili a feminine word in their language. The king rejoiced and renamed the Banana "princess fruit". It is said that this is why the kings eldest daughter inherited in favour of his eldest son since he had supported the wrong faction through it was more likely due to her greater religous authority. To this day it is considered a complement in this region to tell a girl she has "hips like a banana". Akana's Bananas have delicate seeds similar to cucumbers and have a much higher fat content between 10%-25% depending on the variety. They grow from female flowers which have to be fertilised before they produce them. They grow on plants similar to our own bananas which are called trees by the native inhabitants (because they look like them).

=Agriculture in Tuysáfa=
{{Noticebox|<big>'''''To Be Continued...'''''</big><br />''This section is not finished yet. If you can contribute to its content, feel free to do so!''|green}}

==The Hazāka==

The main crop of the Hazāka is rice, grown in large paddies for which space has been cleared from the forest. These rice paddies are also home to semi-domesticated varieties of fish, with the fish keeping the rice pest-free while fertilising the rice with their droppings. At the coast large salts pans are found, with the salt being an important trading good with inland regions.

==The Northwest Coast/the Ronquian Zone==

Agriculture was not begun natively on the Tuysáfan Northwest coast, and most of the domesticates used in farming are not native to this region, including the main staples, varieties of oats and legumes, notably peas, beans and lentils. These would be grown in specially made plots made through either the draining of swampland or the clearing of a patch of forest. Similar clearing processes are required in order to produce suitable pasture land for their domesticated animals, however once that land has been cleared their it requires relatively little maintenance due to the grazing action of the animals in question, most notably including semi-domesticated herds of deer. Settled hunter-gathering is still important as a source of food, and wild deer, river-fish and nuts and berries remain important sources of food. There is a marked geographical gradiation of the relative dominance of these types, with the cultivation of crops being more disfavoured nearer the coast due to the harsher oceanic weather.

=Agriculture in Zeluzhia=
{{Noticebox|<big>'''''To Be Continued...'''''</big><br />''This section is not finished yet. If you can contribute to its content, feel free to do so!''|green}}

[[Category:Culture]]

Agriculture

2020-01-29T06:20:33Z

Thethief3: /* Lené River Agriculture */

{{Invitation}}
{{Article}}
=Agriculture in Peilaš=

==Aiwa Valley System==

One of the earliest and most successful forms of agriculture in [[Peilaš]], the Aiwa Valley system originated with the [[Ngauro]] and neighboring peoples in the general vicinity of the [[Aiwa]] delta. The system ultimately spread northeast into [[Huyfárah]], southern [[Siixtaguna]], and the valleys of the [[Šišin mountains]], south into Hitatc and [[Miwan languages|Miwan]]-speaking regions in and around the [[Ici forest]], and west as far as [[Rathedān]] and the [[Xōron Eiel]]. The relatively narrow range of cultivated species somewhat limits the areas where the system can be successfully employed, but it has proven very successful in the river valleys of eastern Peilaš, where it long supported the growth of towns and cities. The introduction of new legume crops from [[Tuysáfa]] by Isles-speakers would in later years significantly enrich the Aiwa valley system and allow for improved forms of crop rotation.

The primary staple crops of the Aiwa Valley were wheat and barley. By the rise of the [[Ndak Empire]], alluvial land was mostly reserved for irrigated fields of grain, but oxen were kept as beasts of burden and some cattle and sheep were raised. Goats were introduced from the Isthmus region, and horses from the west. Cultivated foods were supplemented with fishing where possible, and with hunting in the hinterlands away from the coast and the river.

{{Commentbox|(Note: Ndak Ta has no known word for "beer," but it is believed that the earliest grain agriculturalists in Peilaš must have used part of their crop to make alcohol. Somewhat later, their selection of intoxicants expanded to include wine and rice alcohol, and probably cider and millet beer as well.)}}

==Lukpanic Coast System==

The [[Lukpanic languages|Lukpanic]] city-states (and likely peoples farther to the northwest) relied on buckwheat as their primary staple, supplemented with figs, Peilaš beans (useful for their nitrogen-fixing ability), and root vegetables like carrots and onions. They also raised cattle (mainly for milk), goats (probably introduced from the east), and bees, whose honey they used as a sweetener and to make mead. Grapes were cultivated for making wine, which was likely an important trade good in the region, and herbs like parsley and hibiscus were grown for their flavor. In addition to cultivated foods, they ate a great deal of fish and gathered insects and other wild foods.

The conquest of the Lukpanic coast by [[Western languages|Western]] speakers didn't drastically change the agricultural system of the region, though it did introduce several important new domestic species, including horses, millet, pigs, and sheep.

{{Commentbox|(Note: It's possible that Aiwa Valley grains might eventually be introduced to the region, possibly partly displacing the cultivation of buckwheat and millet.)}}

==Northeast Coast Subsistence Strategies==

The northern coasts of [[Siixtaguna]] and the Isthmus are difficult places for agricultural societies to survive, but the expansion of the [[Kennan]] demonstrates that this harsh land can support complex societies. This area was one of the first centers of goat domestication, and herding goats and sheep is a major subsistence strategy in the more temperate reaches of the northeast coast. Fishing and hunting marine mammals is another important component, particularly in the relatively barren Kennan homeland and on Tymytỳs and surrounding islands. The Kennan and other peoples in the far north have also taken to herding reindeer, which is better suited to the environment compared to goats and sheep.

==Peilaš Steppe Pastoralism==

Generally similar forms of nomadic pastoralism are practiced in the great [[Western steppe]] and in much of the [[Xōron Eiel]]. These lifestyles emerged out of the earlier Aiwa Valley and western mixed agricultural systems, specializing in order to adapt to marginal regions not well suited to crop cultivation. Steppe pastoralists rely heavily on meat and dairy products, and keep mixed herds consisting mostly of cattle, goats, horses, and sheep. Mobility is essential to the success of the system, as forage is sparse in the semi-arid regions where it is practiced.

==Western Mixed Agriculture==

Although the expansion of the Western-speaking peoples was driven in large part by their domestication of the horse and, to a lesser extent, the pig, within much of their range they practice a form of mixed agriculture which places roughly equal emphasis on farming and animal husbandry. Versions of this system remain the dominant form of agriculture in parts of the Coastal Corridor, [[Kipceʔ desert]], [[Wañelín]], and the [[Tjakori]] and [[Western plateau]]s many thousands of years later, although new crops from the east did eventually enter the region. The Western system also had a significant influence on the forms of agriculture practiced in the neighboring steppe regions and the Lukpanic coast.

The primary staple crop in the Western system is millet, supplemented with Peilaš beans. By -2000 YP at the latest, some Western-speaking peoples were cultivating grapes for wine, and it appears to have been the [[Gezoro]] who introduced winemaking to the Edastean cultural sphere. As far as livestock, this system incorporated horses, pigs, and sheep, and later adopted cattle and goats as well. Where possible, agriculture was supplemented with hunting, fishing and, at times, widespread cannibalism.

==Xšali Wet Rice Agriculture==

Originating in tropical southern [[Xšalad]], this system spread throughout the well-watered lands of the [[Xšali Empire]] and eastward along the coast as far as [[Mrisaŋfa]]. In the peninsula, rice cultivation was supplemented with fruit orchards, including both citrus fruits and apple, and in Xšalad spices were cultivated for cooking and trade. The [[Peninsular languages|Peninsular]] peoples would later carry this system to the islands of [[Fmana-hŋ-Talam]] and to the Lotoka region of the Isthmus. Rice cultivation had also spread at least as far as Buruya by 400 YP, and in later years it thrived on the lower Aiwa and in the Milīr valley, co-existing with the Aiwa valley system throughout much of the Edastean cultural sphere.

==Lené River Agriculture==
The Tropics of South Peilaš primary native crop is Mjýa which grows near water but doesn't need to be flooded like say Rice which was introduced to the region from Xšalad. It has a richer earthier taste and is used for making breads and noodles. These two grains are supplemented by tropical fruits such as Taro, Bananas, Strawberries, Tropical Citrus (Oranges, Limes and Grapefruits), Tropical Stone Fruits (Peach, Apricots and Mango), Spinach and Bok Choy as well as Sugarcane (which grows in water similar to Rice and Tea). Except for Taro, Spinach, Bok Choy and Sugarcane all of the above crops are trees (yes including the strawberries), Banana and Lime are by far the most characteristic of the region the first one being used as the basis of many deserts while the latter is along with Chilli is used as flavouring in many savoury dishes.

Banana is particularly important as a crop due to its high yields through not as important as the grains (humanity is cursed to eat them instead of the more delicious fruits). It is said that the first king of the Angkor like empire had a problem on his hands whether bananas were masculine (due to their long and thin nature which resembled a penis) or feminine (due to their curved shape which resembled a female hip). This debate ravaged the whole country until an unnamed scholar (he was actually called a craftsmen as is customary in Angkor society) told the king that the Nyandayi called the Bananas *milili a feminine word in their language. The king rejoiced and renamed the Banana "princess fruit". It is said that this is why the kings eldest daughter inherited in favour of his eldest son since he had supported the wrong faction through it was more likely due to her greater religous authority. To this day it is considered a complement in this region to tell a girl she has "hips like a banana". Akana's Bananas have delicate seeds similar to cucumbers and have a much higher fat content between 10%-25% depending on the variety. They grow from female flowers which have to be fertilised before they produce them. They grow on plants similar to our own bananas which are called trees by the native inhabitants (because they look like them).

=Agriculture in Tuysáfa=
{{Noticebox|<big>'''''To Be Continued...'''''</big><br />''This section is not finished yet. If you can contribute to its content, feel free to do so!''|green}}

==The Hazāka==

The main crop of the Hazāka is rice, grown in large paddies for which space has been cleared from the forest. These rice paddies are also home to semi-domesticated varieties of fish, with the fish keeping the rice pest-free while fertilising the rice with their droppings. At the coast large salts pans are found, with the salt being an important trading good with inland regions.

==The Northwest Coast/the Ronquian Zone==

Agriculture was not begun natively on the Tuysáfan Northwest coast, and most of the domesticates used in farming are not native to this region, including the main staples, varieties of oats and legumes, notably peas, beans and lentils. These would be grown in specially made plots made through either the draining of swampland or the clearing of a patch of forest. Similar clearing processes are required in order to produce suitable pasture land for their domesticated animals, however once that land has been cleared their it requires relatively little maintenance due to the grazing action of the animals in question, most notably including semi-domesticated herds of deer. Settled hunter-gathering is still important as a source of food, and wild deer, river-fish and nuts and berries remain important sources of food. There is a marked geographical gradiation of the relative dominance of these types, with the cultivation of crops being more disfavoured nearer the coast due to the harsher oceanic weather.

=Agriculture in Zeluzhia=
{{Noticebox|<big>'''''To Be Continued...'''''</big><br />''This section is not finished yet. If you can contribute to its content, feel free to do so!''|green}}

[[Category:Culture]]

Agriculture

2020-01-27T08:19:56Z

Thethief3:

{{Invitation}}
{{Article}}
=Agriculture in Peilaš=

==Aiwa Valley System==

One of the earliest and most successful forms of agriculture in [[Peilaš]], the Aiwa Valley system originated with the [[Ngauro]] and neighboring peoples in the general vicinity of the [[Aiwa]] delta. The system ultimately spread northeast into [[Huyfárah]], southern [[Siixtaguna]], and the valleys of the [[Šišin mountains]], south into Hitatc and [[Miwan languages|Miwan]]-speaking regions in and around the [[Ici forest]], and west as far as [[Rathedān]] and the [[Xōron Eiel]]. The relatively narrow range of cultivated species somewhat limits the areas where the system can be successfully employed, but it has proven very successful in the river valleys of eastern Peilaš, where it long supported the growth of towns and cities. The introduction of new legume crops from [[Tuysáfa]] by Isles-speakers would in later years significantly enrich the Aiwa valley system and allow for improved forms of crop rotation.

The primary staple crops of the Aiwa Valley were wheat and barley. By the rise of the [[Ndak Empire]], alluvial land was mostly reserved for irrigated fields of grain, but oxen were kept as beasts of burden and some cattle and sheep were raised. Goats were introduced from the Isthmus region, and horses from the west. Cultivated foods were supplemented with fishing where possible, and with hunting in the hinterlands away from the coast and the river.

{{Commentbox|(Note: Ndak Ta has no known word for "beer," but it is believed that the earliest grain agriculturalists in Peilaš must have used part of their crop to make alcohol. Somewhat later, their selection of intoxicants expanded to include wine and rice alcohol, and probably cider and millet beer as well.)}}

==Lukpanic Coast System==

The [[Lukpanic languages|Lukpanic]] city-states (and likely peoples farther to the northwest) relied on buckwheat as their primary staple, supplemented with figs, Peilaš beans (useful for their nitrogen-fixing ability), and root vegetables like carrots and onions. They also raised cattle (mainly for milk), goats (probably introduced from the east), and bees, whose honey they used as a sweetener and to make mead. Grapes were cultivated for making wine, which was likely an important trade good in the region, and herbs like parsley and hibiscus were grown for their flavor. In addition to cultivated foods, they ate a great deal of fish and gathered insects and other wild foods.

The conquest of the Lukpanic coast by [[Western languages|Western]] speakers didn't drastically change the agricultural system of the region, though it did introduce several important new domestic species, including horses, millet, pigs, and sheep.

{{Commentbox|(Note: It's possible that Aiwa Valley grains might eventually be introduced to the region, possibly partly displacing the cultivation of buckwheat and millet.)}}

==Northeast Coast Subsistence Strategies==

The northern coasts of [[Siixtaguna]] and the Isthmus are difficult places for agricultural societies to survive, but the expansion of the [[Kennan]] demonstrates that this harsh land can support complex societies. This area was one of the first centers of goat domestication, and herding goats and sheep is a major subsistence strategy in the more temperate reaches of the northeast coast. Fishing and hunting marine mammals is another important component, particularly in the relatively barren Kennan homeland and on Tymytỳs and surrounding islands. The Kennan and other peoples in the far north have also taken to herding reindeer, which is better suited to the environment compared to goats and sheep.

==Peilaš Steppe Pastoralism==

Generally similar forms of nomadic pastoralism are practiced in the great [[Western steppe]] and in much of the [[Xōron Eiel]]. These lifestyles emerged out of the earlier Aiwa Valley and western mixed agricultural systems, specializing in order to adapt to marginal regions not well suited to crop cultivation. Steppe pastoralists rely heavily on meat and dairy products, and keep mixed herds consisting mostly of cattle, goats, horses, and sheep. Mobility is essential to the success of the system, as forage is sparse in the semi-arid regions where it is practiced.

==Western Mixed Agriculture==

Although the expansion of the Western-speaking peoples was driven in large part by their domestication of the horse and, to a lesser extent, the pig, within much of their range they practice a form of mixed agriculture which places roughly equal emphasis on farming and animal husbandry. Versions of this system remain the dominant form of agriculture in parts of the Coastal Corridor, [[Kipceʔ desert]], [[Wañelín]], and the [[Tjakori]] and [[Western plateau]]s many thousands of years later, although new crops from the east did eventually enter the region. The Western system also had a significant influence on the forms of agriculture practiced in the neighboring steppe regions and the Lukpanic coast.

The primary staple crop in the Western system is millet, supplemented with Peilaš beans. By -2000 YP at the latest, some Western-speaking peoples were cultivating grapes for wine, and it appears to have been the [[Gezoro]] who introduced winemaking to the Edastean cultural sphere. As far as livestock, this system incorporated horses, pigs, and sheep, and later adopted cattle and goats as well. Where possible, agriculture was supplemented with hunting, fishing and, at times, widespread cannibalism.

==Xšali Wet Rice Agriculture==

Originating in tropical southern [[Xšalad]], this system spread throughout the well-watered lands of the [[Xšali Empire]] and eastward along the coast as far as [[Mrisaŋfa]]. In the peninsula, rice cultivation was supplemented with fruit orchards, including both citrus fruits and apple, and in Xšalad spices were cultivated for cooking and trade. The [[Peninsular languages|Peninsular]] peoples would later carry this system to the islands of [[Fmana-hŋ-Talam]] and to the Lotoka region of the Isthmus. Rice cultivation had also spread at least as far as Buruya by 400 YP, and in later years it thrived on the lower Aiwa and in the Milīr valley, co-existing with the Aiwa valley system throughout much of the Edastean cultural sphere.

==Lené River Agriculture==
The Tropics of South Peilaš primary native crop is Myéa which grows near water but doesn't need to be flooded like say Rice which was introduced to the region from Xšalad. It has a richer earthier taste and is used for making breads and noodles. These two grains are supplemented by tropical fruits such as Taro, Bananas, Strawberries, Tropical Citrus (Oranges, Limes and Grapefruits), Tropical Stone Fruits (Peach, Apricots and Mango), Spinach and Bok Choy as well as Sugarcane (which grows in water similar to Rice and Tea). Except for Taro, Spinach, Bok Choy and Sugarcane all of the above crops are trees (yes including the strawberries), Banana and Lime are by far the most characteristic of the region the first one being used as the basis of many deserts while the latter is along with Chilli is used as flavouring in many savoury dishes.

Banana is particularly important as a crop due to its high yields through not as important as the grains (humanity is cursed to eat them instead of the more delicious fruits). It is said that the first king of the Angkor like empire had a problem on his hands whether bananas were masculine (due to their long and thin nature which resembled a penis) or feminine (due to their curved shape which resembled a female hip). This debate ravaged the whole country until an unnamed scholar (he was actually called a craftsmen as is customary in Angkor society) told the king that the Nyandayi called the Bananas *milili a feminine word in their language. The king rejoiced and renamed the Banana "princess fruit". It is said that this is why the kings eldest daughter inherited in favour of his eldest son since he had supported the wrong faction through it was more likely due to her greater religous authority. To this day it is considered a complement in this region to tell a girl she has "hips like a banana". Akana's Bananas have delicate seeds similar to cucumbers and have a much higher fat content between 10%-25% depending on the variety. They grow from female flowers which have to be fertilised before they produce them. They grow on plants similar to our own bananas which are called trees by the native inhabitants (because they look like them).

=Agriculture in Tuysáfa=
{{Noticebox|<big>'''''To Be Continued...'''''</big><br />''This section is not finished yet. If you can contribute to its content, feel free to do so!''|green}}

==The Hazāka==

The main crop of the Hazāka is rice, grown in large paddies for which space has been cleared from the forest. These rice paddies are also home to semi-domesticated varieties of fish, with the fish keeping the rice pest-free while fertilising the rice with their droppings. At the coast large salts pans are found, with the salt being an important trading good with inland regions.

==The Northwest Coast/the Ronquian Zone==

Agriculture was not begun natively on the Tuysáfan Northwest coast, and most of the domesticates used in farming are not native to this region, including the main staples, varieties of oats and legumes, notably peas, beans and lentils. These would be grown in specially made plots made through either the draining of swampland or the clearing of a patch of forest. Similar clearing processes are required in order to produce suitable pasture land for their domesticated animals, however once that land has been cleared their it requires relatively little maintenance due to the grazing action of the animals in question, most notably including semi-domesticated herds of deer. Settled hunter-gathering is still important as a source of food, and wild deer, river-fish and nuts and berries remain important sources of food. There is a marked geographical gradiation of the relative dominance of these types, with the cultivation of crops being more disfavoured nearer the coast due to the harsher oceanic weather.

=Agriculture in Zeluzhia=
{{Noticebox|<big>'''''To Be Continued...'''''</big><br />''This section is not finished yet. If you can contribute to its content, feel free to do so!''|green}}

[[Category:Culture]]

User:Thethief3

2020-01-10T07:40:58Z

Thethief3:

User:Thethief3

2020-01-10T04:37:56Z

Thethief3: Created page with "Current Akana Projects Ñandayi Languages: A marginal language family of the northern tropics of South Peilaš. Its also related to the Ritana (Seafarer) languages locatd on..."

Current Akana Projects

Ñandayi Languages:
A marginal language family of the northern tropics of South Peilaš. Its also related to the Ritana (Seafarer) languages locatd on the islands between Peilaš and The East Twin.

Myéka Languages:
The major language family of the northern tropics located mainly along the Lené river. Its a tonal language family with gramatical gender, tense and case.

Relay 2020:
Contributing an as of yet unnamed language of the "Southern" invaders of the northern tropics.

What is the Lené river?: The main river running through the northern tropics of South Peilaš and a facilitator of trade between the various civilisations. It is called Léne by the Southerners and Lené by the nuclear Myéka. They both descend from earlier *leŋé which has other reflexes such as loŋ and lǐŋ.