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Taamangku

2021-10-13T13:12:52Z

Kodane: /* Proclitics */

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku] is the language of the Taamamma (sg Taama). ‘’’’’More about the Taamamma to come’’’’’

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

Voiceless obstruents and nasals can be geminated. Gemination can be lexical, but is more often a result of morphology.

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i || || u
|-
| e || || o
|-
| || a ||
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || ||
|-
| ee /e:/ || || oo /o:/
|-
| || aa /a:/ ||
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on the verb.

The proclitics are also different depending on whether the noun precedes or follows the verb. Pre-verbal arguments are either topicalized or focused. Post-verbal arguments are often comments (in the topic/comment structure) or else generic/weakly referential. While topics and foci both precede the verb, they sit in different positions in the syntax. See the soon-to-be-filled-in Syntax section.

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kuN= || liV=
|-
| Object || vaT= || paN=
|}

All other nouns (i.e., neither subjects or objects) are marked with the proclitic [eV=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

The proclitic-final segments {N, V, T} could be thought of as morphophonemes. Their realization depends on the following segment, i.e., the beginning of the noun it attaches to. Here's how the final segments of the proclitics are realized:

- N becomes a homorganic nasal before plosives; [n] before a vowel; geminates following nasals; and is zero before fricatives and glides.

- V voices a following voiceless obstruent (/ʧ k ʃ/ -> [z ɣ z]); becomes [j] before a vowel; and is otherwise zero.

- T geminates following voiceless obstruents and nasals; geminates and devoices following voiced plosives; becomes [d] before a vowel; and is zero before voiced fricatives and glides.

Here's a few paradigms to illustrate:

/taama/ 'warrior, Taamangku endonym'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kun=taama || li=daama
|-
| Object || vat=taama || pan=taama
|-
| Other || e=daama
|}

/sedaam/ 'terror bird'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=sedaam || li=zedaam
|-
| Object || vas=sedaam || pa=sedaam
|-
| Other || e=zedaam
|}

/lezik/ 'cooking utensil' (generalized)
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=lezik || li=lezik
|-
| Object || va=lezik || pa=lezik
|-
| Other || e=lezik
|}

==== Pluralization ====

Several dozen animate nouns have separate plural forms. Other nouns do not distinguish plurality. Some example animate nouns with singular and plural forms are below:

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Singular || Plutal
|-
| person || pena || penaan
|-
| Taama person || taama || taamamma
|-
| terror bird || sedaam || sedaamam
|-
| sage || emis || emimmi
|-
| infant || sazap || sazappap
|-
| emissary || liliiba || liliibampa
|-
| nun || nena || nenaan
|}

==== Possession ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Taamangku

2021-10-13T13:08:52Z

Kodane:

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku] is the language of the Taamamma (sg Taama). ‘’’’’More about the Taamamma to come’’’’’

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

Voiceless obstruents and nasals can be geminated. Gemination can be lexical, but is more often a result of morphology.

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i || || u
|-
| e || || o
|-
| || a ||
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || ||
|-
| ee /e:/ || || oo /o:/
|-
| || aa /a:/ ||
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on the verb.

The proclitics are also different depending on whether the noun precedes or follows the verb. Pre-verbal arguments are either topicalized or focused. While topics and foci both precede the verb, they sit in different positions in the syntax. See the soon-to-be-filled-in Syntax section.

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kuN= || liV=
|-
| Object || vaT= || paN=
|}

All other nouns (i.e., neither subjects or objects) are marked with the proclitic [eV=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

The proclitic-final segments {N, V, T} could be thought of as morphophonemes. Their realization depends on the following segment, i.e., the beginning of the noun it attaches to. Here's how the final segments of the proclitics are realized:

- N becomes a homorganic nasal before plosives; [n] before a vowel; geminates following nasals; and is zero before fricatives and glides.

- V voices a following voiceless obstruent (/ʧ k ʃ/ -> [z ɣ z]); becomes [j] before a vowel; and is otherwise zero.

- T geminates following voiceless obstruents and nasals; geminates and devoices following voiced plosives; becomes [d] before a vowel; and is zero before voiced fricatives and glides.

Here's a few paradigms to illustrate:

/taama/ 'warrior, Taamangku endonym'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kun=taama || li=daama
|-
| Object || vat=taama || pan=taama
|-
| Other || e=daama
|}

/sedaam/ 'terror bird'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=sedaam || li=zedaam
|-
| Object || vas=sedaam || pa=sedaam
|-
| Other || e=zedaam
|}

/lezik/ 'cooking utensil' (generalized)
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=lezik || li=lezik
|-
| Object || va=lezik || pa=lezik
|-
| Other || e=lezik
|}

==== Pluralization ====

Several dozen animate nouns have separate plural forms. Other nouns do not distinguish plurality. Some example animate nouns with singular and plural forms are below:

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Singular || Plutal
|-
| person || pena || penaan
|-
| Taama person || taama || taamamma
|-
| terror bird || sedaam || sedaamam
|-
| sage || emis || emimmi
|-
| infant || sazap || sazappap
|-
| emissary || liliiba || liliibampa
|-
| nun || nena || nenaan
|}

==== Possession ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Taamangku

2021-10-09T03:28:25Z

Kodane: /* Pluralization */

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku], the language of the is a language

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

Voiceless obstruents and nasals can be geminated. Gemination can be lexical, but is more often a result of morphology.

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i || || u
|-
| e || || o
|-
| || a ||
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || ||
|-
| ee /e:/ || || oo /o:/
|-
| || aa /a:/ ||
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on the verb.

The proclitics are also different depending on whether the noun precedes or follows the verb. Pre-verbal arguments are either topicalized or focused. While topics and foci both precede the verb, they sit in different positions in the syntax. See the soon-to-be-filled-in Syntax section.

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kuN= || liV=
|-
| Object || vaT= || paN=
|}

All other nouns (i.e., neither subjects or objects) are marked with the proclitic [eV=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

The proclitic-final segments {N, V, T} could be thought of as morphophonemes. Their realization depends on the following segment, i.e., the beginning of the noun it attaches to. Here's how the final segments of the proclitics are realized:

- N becomes a homorganic nasal before plosives; [n] before a vowel; geminates following nasals; and is zero before fricatives and glides.

- V voices a following voiceless obstruent (/ʧ k ʃ/ -> [z ɣ z]); becomes [j] before a vowel; and is otherwise zero.

- T geminates following voiceless obstruents and nasals; geminates and devoices following voiced plosives; becomes [d] before a vowel; and is zero before voiced fricatives and glides.

Here's a few paradigms to illustrate:

/taama/ 'warrior, Taamangku endonym'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kun=taama || li=daama
|-
| Object || vat=taama || pan=taama
|-
| Other || e=daama
|}

/sedaam/ 'terror bird'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=sedaam || li=zedaam
|-
| Object || vas=sedaam || pa=sedaam
|-
| Other || e=zedaam
|}

/lezik/ 'cooking utensil' (generalized)
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=lezik || li=lezik
|-
| Object || va=lezik || pa=lezik
|-
| Other || e=lezik
|}

==== Pluralization ====

Several dozen animate nouns have separate plural forms. Other nouns do not distinguish plurality. Some example animate nouns with singular and plural forms are below:

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Singular || Plutal
|-
| person || pena || penaan
|-
| Taama person || taama || taamamma
|-
| terror bird || sedaam || sedaamam
|-
| sage || emis || emimmi
|-
| infant || sazap || sazappap
|-
| emissary || liliiba || liliibampa
|-
| nun || nena || nenaan
|}

==== Possession ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Taamangku

2021-10-09T03:27:56Z

Kodane:

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku], the language of the is a language

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

Voiceless obstruents and nasals can be geminated. Gemination can be lexical, but is more often a result of morphology.

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i || || u
|-
| e || || o
|-
| || a ||
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || ||
|-
| ee /e:/ || || oo /o:/
|-
| || aa /a:/ ||
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on the verb.

The proclitics are also different depending on whether the noun precedes or follows the verb. Pre-verbal arguments are either topicalized or focused. While topics and foci both precede the verb, they sit in different positions in the syntax. See the soon-to-be-filled-in Syntax section.

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kuN= || liV=
|-
| Object || vaT= || paN=
|}

All other nouns (i.e., neither subjects or objects) are marked with the proclitic [eV=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

The proclitic-final segments {N, V, T} could be thought of as morphophonemes. Their realization depends on the following segment, i.e., the beginning of the noun it attaches to. Here's how the final segments of the proclitics are realized:

- N becomes a homorganic nasal before plosives; [n] before a vowel; geminates following nasals; and is zero before fricatives and glides.

- V voices a following voiceless obstruent (/ʧ k ʃ/ -> [z ɣ z]); becomes [j] before a vowel; and is otherwise zero.

- T geminates following voiceless obstruents and nasals; geminates and devoices following voiced plosives; becomes [d] before a vowel; and is zero before voiced fricatives and glides.

Here's a few paradigms to illustrate:

/taama/ 'warrior, Taamangku endonym'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kun=taama || li=daama
|-
| Object || vat=taama || pan=taama
|-
| Other || e=daama
|}

/sedaam/ 'terror bird'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=sedaam || li=zedaam
|-
| Object || vas=sedaam || pa=sedaam
|-
| Other || e=zedaam
|}

/lezik/ 'cooking utensil' (generalized)
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=lezik || li=lezik
|-
| Object || va=lezik || pa=lezik
|-
| Other || e=lezik
|}

==== Pluralization ====

Several dozen animate nouns have separate plural forms. Other nouns do not distinguish plurality. Some example animate nouns with singular and plural forms are below:

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Singular || Plutal
|-
| person || pena || penaan
|-
| Taama person || taama || taamamma
|-
| terror bird || sedaam || sedaamam
|-
| sage || emis || emimmi
|-
| child || sazap || sazappap
|-
| emissary || liliiba || liliibampa
|-
| nun || nena || nenaan
|}

==== Possession ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Taamangku

2021-10-09T03:06:28Z

Kodane: /* Proclitics */

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku], the language of the is a language

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

Voiceless obstruents and nasals can be geminated. Gemination can be lexical, but is more often a result of morphology.

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i || || u
|-
| e || || o
|-
| || a ||
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || ||
|-
| ee /e:/ || || oo /o:/
|-
| || aa /a:/ ||
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on the verb.

The proclitics are also different depending on whether the noun precedes or follows the verb. Pre-verbal arguments are either topicalized or focused. While topics and foci both precede the verb, they sit in different positions in the syntax. See the soon-to-be-filled-in Syntax section.

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kuN= || liV=
|-
| Object || vaT= || paN=
|}

All other nouns (i.e., neither subjects or objects) are marked with the proclitic [eV=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

The proclitic-final segments {N, V, T} could be thought of as morphophonemes. Their realization depends on the following segment, i.e., the beginning of the noun it attaches to. Here's how the final segments of the proclitics are realized:

- N becomes a homorganic nasal before plosives; [n] before a vowel; geminates following nasals; and is zero before fricatives and glides.

- V voices a following voiceless obstruent (/ʧ k ʃ/ -> [z ɣ z]); becomes [j] before a vowel; and is otherwise zero.

- T geminates following voiceless obstruents and nasals; geminates and devoices following voiced plosives; becomes [d] before a vowel; and is zero before voiced fricatives and glides.

Here's a few paradigms to illustrate:

/taama/ 'hunter, warrior'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kun=taama || li=daama
|-
| Object || vat=taama || pan=taama
|-
| Other || e=daama
|}

/sedaam/ 'terror bird'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=sedaam || li=zedaam
|-
| Object || vas=sedaam || pa=sedaam
|-
| Other || e=zedaam
|}

/lezik/ 'cooking utensil' (generalized)
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=lezik || li=lezik
|-
| Object || va=lezik || pa=lezik
|-
| Other || e=lezik
|}

==== Plural and Possessed Suffixes ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Taamangku

2021-10-09T03:04:15Z

Kodane: /* Proclitics */

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku], the language of the is a language

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

Voiceless obstruents and nasals can be geminated. Gemination can be lexical, but is more often a result of morphology.

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i || || u
|-
| e || || o
|-
| || a ||
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || ||
|-
| ee /e:/ || || oo /o:/
|-
| || aa /a:/ ||
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on the verb.

The proclitics are also different depending on whether the noun precedes or follows the verb. Pre-verbal arguments are either topicalized or focused. While topics and foci both precede the verb, they sit in different positions in the syntax. See the soon-to-be-filled-in Syntax section.

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kuN= || liV=
|-
| Object || vaT= || paN=
|}

The proclitic-final segments {N, V, T} could be thought of as morphophonemes. Their realization depends on the following segment, i.e., the beginning of the noun it attaches to. Here's how the final segments of the proclitics are realized:

- N becomes a homorganic nasal before plosives; [n] before a vowel; geminates following nasals; and is zero before fricatives and glides.

- V voices a following voiceless obstruent (/ʧ k ʃ/ -> [z ɣ z]); becomes [j] before a vowel; and is otherwise zero.

- T geminates following voiceless obstruents and nasals; geminates and devoices following voiced plosives; becomes [d] before a vowel; and is zero before voiced fricatives and glides.

Here's a few paradigms to illustrate:

/taama/ 'hunter, warrior'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kun=taama || li=daama
|-
| Object || vat=taama || pan=taama
|}

/sedaam/ 'terror bird'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=sedaam || li=zedaam
|-
| Object || vas=sedaam || pa=sedaam
|}

/lezik/ 'cooking utensil' (generalized)
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=lezik || li=lezik
|-
| Object || va=lezik || pa=lezik
|}

All other nouns (i.e., neither subjects or objects) are marked with the proclitic [eV=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

==== Plural and Possessed Suffixes ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Taamangku

2021-10-09T03:01:39Z

Kodane: /* Proclitics */

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku], the language of the is a language

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

Voiceless obstruents and nasals can be geminated. Gemination can be lexical, but is more often a result of morphology.

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i || || u
|-
| e || || o
|-
| || a ||
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || ||
|-
| ee /e:/ || || oo /o:/
|-
| || aa /a:/ ||
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on the verb.

The proclitics are also different depending on whether the noun precedes or follows the verb. Pre-verbal arguments are either topicalized or focused. While topics and foci both precede the verb, they sit in different positions in the syntax. See the soon-to-be-filled-in Syntax section.

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kuN= || liV=
|-
| Object || vaT= || paN=
|}

The proclitic-final segments {N, V, T} could be thought of as morphophonemes. Their realization depends on the following segment, i.e., the beginning of the noun it attaches to. Here's how the final segments of the proclitics are realized:

- N becomes a homorganic nasal before plosives; [n] before a vowel; geminates following nasals; and is zero before fricatives and glides.

- V voices a following voiceless obstruent (/ʧ k ʃ/ -> [z ɣ z]); becomes [j] before a vowel; and is otherwise zero.

- T geminates following voiceless obstruents and nasals; geminates and devoices following voiced plosives; becomes [d] before a vowel; and is zero before voiced fricatives and glides.

All other nouns (i.e., neither subjects or objects) are marked with the proclitic [eV=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

Here's a few paradigms to illustrate:

/taama/ 'hunter, warrior'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kun=taama || li=daama
|-
| Object || vat=taama || pan=taama
|}

/sedaam/ 'terror bird'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=sedaam || li=zedaam
|-
| Object || vas=sedaam || pa=sedaam
|}

/lezik/ 'cooking utensil' (generalized)
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || ku=lezik || li=lezik
|-
| Object || va=lezik || pa=lezik
|}

==== Plural and Possessed Suffixes ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Taamangku

2021-10-09T02:50:21Z

Kodane:

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku], the language of the is a language

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

Voiceless obstruents and nasals can be geminated. Gemination can be lexical, but is more often a result of morphology.

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i || || u
|-
| e || || o
|-
| || a ||
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || ||
|-
| ee /e:/ || || oo /o:/
|-
| || aa /a:/ ||
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on the verb.

The proclitics are also different depending on whether the noun precedes or follows the verb. Pre-verbal arguments are either topicalized or focused. While topics and foci both precede the verb, they sit in different positions in the syntax. See the soon-to-be-filled-in Syntax section.

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kuN= || liV=
|-
| Object || vaT= || paN=
|}

The proclitic-final segments {N, V, T} could be thought of as morphophonemes. Their realization depends on the following segment, i.e., the beginning of the noun it attaches to. Here's how the final segments of the proclitics are realized:

- N becomes a homorganic nasal before plosives; [n] before a vowel; geminates following nasals; and is zero before fricatives and glides.
- V voices a following voiceless obstruent (/ʧ k ʃ/ -> [z ɣ z]); becomes [j] before a vowel; and is otherwise zero.
- T geminates following voiceless obstruents and nasals; geminates and devoices following voiced plosives; becomes [d] before a vowel; and is zero before voiced fricatives and glides.

All other nouns (i.e., neither subjects or objects) are marked with the proclitic [eV=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

Here's a few paradigms to illustrate:

/taama/ 'hunter, warrior'
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kun=taama || li=daama
|-
| Object || vat=taama || pan=taama
|}

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kuN= || liV=
|-
| Object || vaT= || paN=
|}

{| {{softtable|c}}
| || Pre-verbal || Post-verbal
|-
| Subject || kuN= || liV=
|-
| Object || vaT= || paN=
|}

==== Plural and Possessed Suffixes ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Taamangku

2021-10-09T01:59:42Z

Kodane: /* Proclitics */

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku], the language of the is a language

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i || || u
|-
| e || || o
|-
| || a ||
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || ||
|-
| ee /e:/ || || oo /o:/
|-
| || aa /a:/ ||
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

'''''To come'''''

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on the verb.

The proclitics are also different depending on whether the noun precedes or follows the verb. Pre-verbal arguments are either topicalized or focused. While topics and foci both precede the verb, they sit in different positions in the syntax. See the soon-to-be-filled-in Syntax section.

All other nouns (i.e., neither subjects or objects) are marked with the proclitic [e=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

==== Plural and Possessed Suffixes ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Taamangku

2021-10-08T14:51:03Z

Kodane: /* Vowel Inventory */

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku], the language of the is a language

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i || || u
|-
| e || || o
|-
| || a ||
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || ||
|-
| ee /e:/ || || oo /o:/
|-
| || aa /a:/ ||
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

'''''To come'''''

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on verb morphology

All other nouns are marked with the proclitic [e=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

==== Plural and Possessed Suffixes ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Taamangku

2021-10-08T14:50:49Z

Kodane: /* Phonology */

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku], the language of the is a language

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i |] || u
|-
| e || || o
|-
| || a ||
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| || ||
|-
| ee /e:/ || || oo /o:/
|-
| || aa /a:/ ||
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

'''''To come'''''

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on verb morphology

All other nouns are marked with the proclitic [e=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

==== Plural and Possessed Suffixes ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Taamangku

2021-10-08T14:49:43Z

Kodane: /* Vowel Inventory */

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku], the language of the is a language

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i | u
|-
| e | o
|-
| a |
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| |
|-
| ee /e:/ | oo /o:/
|-
| aa /a:/ |
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

'''''To come'''''

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on verb morphology

All other nouns are marked with the proclitic [e=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

==== Plural and Possessed Suffixes ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Taamangku

2021-10-08T14:48:37Z

Kodane: Created page with "Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku], the language of the is a language ˌˈŋɣʃʧ == Phonology == === Consonant Inventory === {| {{softtable|c}} | p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k |- | b ||..."

Taamangku [ˈta:ˌmaŋku], the language of the is a language

ˌˈŋɣʃʧ

== Phonology ==

=== Consonant Inventory ===
{| {{softtable|c}}
| p || t || ch /ʧ/ || k
|-
| b || d || ||
|-
| || s || sh /ʃ/ ||
|-
| v || z || || gh /ɣ/
|-
| m || n || || ng /ŋ/
|-
| w || l || j ||
|}

'''Allophony''' '''''to come'''''

=== Vowel Inventory ===
'''Short Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| i | | u
|-
| e | | o
|-
| | a |
|}

'''Long Vowels:'''
{| {{softtable|c}}
| | |
|-
| ee /e:/ | | oo /o:/
|-
| | aa /a:/ |
|}

=== Syllable Structure ===

Syllable structure in Taamangku is CV(:)(C). CV syllables are light, while CV:, CVC and CV:C syllables are heavy (there is no separate superheavy category).

Long vowels do not appear in word-final syllables, unless they are the only stressed syllable in the word: ˈCV:(C) or CV.ˈCV:(C).

=== Prosody ===
Words in Taamangku have left-to-right iambic stress, i.e., possible feet are (ˈH), (LˈH), and (LˈL). Final syllables are unstressed ''unless'' they are the only stressable syllable in the word: . The first stressed syllable is primary, while other stresses are secondary.

The minimal word is CV(:)C, i.e., there are no CV(:) words. Monosyllabic words are uncommon in Taamangku; disyllabic and trisyllabic words are by far the most common. Words of four syllables are longer are possible due to morphology but aren't as frequent.

'''Acoustic correlates of stress and intonation''' '''''to come'''''

== Morphology ==

'''''To come'''''

=== Nominal Morphology ===

==== Proclitics ====

Nouns' syntactic roles are marked by proclitics. These proclitics distinguish subjects and objects; the thematic role of subject and object depends on verb morphology

All other nouns are marked with the proclitic [e=], except in certain syntactic and phonological environments. '''''To be described soon'''''

==== Plural and Possessed Suffixes ====

=== Pronouns ===

=== Verbal Morphology ===

==== Object Agreement Prefixes ====

==== Subject Agreement + Voice Suffixes ====

==== Tense + Mood Suffixes ====

Languages of Akana

2020-05-19T03:09:46Z

Kodane: /* Southern languages */

{{Article}}
[[Image:Peilaš_linguistic_0YP.jpg|thumb|right|500px|A linguistic map of Peilaš around 0 YP, showing the approximate distribution of the major language families. From west to east:<br>
<ul><li>Gray-blue: [[Lukpanic languages]]</li>
<li>Purple: [[Western languages]]</li>
<li>Pink: [[Dimana Lokud|Lokud languages]]</li>
<li>Gold: [[!Ho languages]]</li>
<li>Blue: [[Macro-Edastean languages]]
<ul><li>Light blue: [[Xoronic languages]]</li>
<li>Medium blue: [[Edastean languages]]</li>
<li>Slightly darker medium blue: Other [[Talo-Edastean languages]] (Talo, Zod & Antaggic)</li></ul></li>
<li>Yellow: [[Hitatc languages]]</li>
<li>Red: [[Eigə-Isthmus languages]]
<ul><li>Dark red: Eigə Valley languages</li>
<li>Bright red: Isthmus languages</li></ul></li>
<li>Dark green: [[Peninsular languages]]</li>
<li>Orange: [[Isles languages]]</li>
<li>Bright green: [[Núalís-Takuña languages]]</li>
<li>Brown: [[Mbingmik languages]] ''(on Tuysáfa)''</li>
<li>Olive green: [[Wendoth|Wendoth languages]] ''(on Tuysáfa)''</li></ul>]]

= [[Isles languages]] =
{{/Isles}}

= [[Macro-Edastean languages]] =
== [[Talo-Edastean languages]] ==
*[[Proto-Talo-Edastean]] {{context|(Bwimbai valley, c. -2500 YP)}}
==== [[Edastean languages]] ====
{{/Edastean}}
==== Talo languages ====
*[[Tlaliolz]] {{context|(Lu Tal, c. 100-300 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius Solis]])}}
==== Zod languages ====
*[[User:Radius/Zod|Zod]] {{context|(Šišin mountains, c. 500 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius Solis]])}}
==== Antaggic languages ====
* Antagg {{context|(Bwimbai valley, c. -1500 YP - [[User:Salmoneus|Salmoneus]])}}
** Mohudza
*** Móyay

== [[Xoronic languages]] ==
* [[Proto-Xoronic]] {{context|(Eiwəl Gourun, c. -3500 - -2500 YP - pocketful of songs)}}
** [[Habeo languages]]: {{context|(Eiwəl Gourun, c. -1000 - 1000 YP - pocketful of songs)}}
*** Hill Habeo
*** Plains Habeo
*** River Habeo
** [[Damak]]

= [[Eigə-Isthmus languages]] =
{{/Eigə-Isthmus}}

= [[Western languages]] =
{{/Western}}

= [[Lukpanic languages]] =
{{/Lukpanic}}

= Tulameya languages =
* [[Proto-Tulameya]] {{context|(western Lukpanic coast, c. -2100 YP - [[User:Thedukeofnuke|Thedukeofnuke]])}}

= Lokud languages =
* [[Dimana Lokud]] {{context|(Western mountains, c. -2000 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}

= Tæm-Hou languages =
== [[Peninsular languages]] ==
{{/Peninsular}}
== [[Hitatc languages]] ==
{{/Hitatc}}

= !Ho languages =
* [[Ancient !Ho]] {{context|(central Xšalad, c. -2200 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}
** [[Xšali]] (Xša) {{context|(central Xšalad, c. 100 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}
** [[!Huwan]] {{context|(somewhere in Xšalad, c. 100 YP - tentative)}}

= Núalís-Takuña languages =
{{/Núalís-Takuña}}

= [[Ronquian languages]] =
{{/Ronquian}}

= [[Leic languages]] =
{{/Leic}}

= Wendoth languages =
* [[Pre-Wendoth]] {{context|(western Tuysáfa, c. -3000 YP - [[User:Alces|Alces]])}}
** [[Wendoth]] {{context|(western Tuysáfa, c. -2000 YP - [[User:Alces|Alces]])}}
*** [[Yèwèdu]] {{context|(northwestern Tuysáfa, c. 0 YP - [[User:CatDoom|CatDoom]])}}
*** [[Hỳng]] {{context|(western Tuysáfa, c. -200 YP - [[User:Alces|Alces]])}}
*** Mboroth {{context|(southwestern Tuysáfa, c. 0 YP - [[User:Alces|Alces]])}}

= Mbingmik languages =
* [[Proto-Mbingmik]] {{context|(southwestern Tuysáfa, c. -2000 YP - [[User:Cedh|Cedh]])}}

= Muyan languages =
* [[Proto-Muyan]] {{context|(northwestern Tuysáfa, c. -2000 YP - [[User:Frislander|Frislander]])}}
** [[Omok]] {{context|(northwestern Tuysáfa, c. -500 YP - [[User:Frislander|Frislander]])}}

= [[Dumic languages]] =
{{/Dumic}}

= [[T1 languages]] =
{{/T1}}

= Macro-Anatolionesian languages =
* [[Proto-Macro-Anatolionesian]] {{context|(eastern Tuysáfa, c. -4000 YP)}}
** [[Proto-Anatolionesian]] {{context|(Kyosshin & Ōshin, c. -1200 YP)}}
*** [[Imperial Ōmishiman]] {{context|(Ōmishima, c. 2500 YP - [[User:Thedukeofnuke|Thedukeofnuke]])}}

= Northeastern Tuysáfa languages =
* [[Proto-Northeastern]] {{context|(northeastern Tuysáfa, c. -6000 YP - [[User:NeonFox|NeonFox]])}}

= Kopian languages =
* [[Jamna Kopiai]] {{context|(Zeluzh savanna, c. 1500 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}

= Damo-Tingreya languages =
* [[Jamna Kopiai/Tipatirápai|Tipatirápai]] {{context|(Zeluzh savanna, c. 1500 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}

= Team B languages =
* [[Dzoqi]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - akam chinjir}}
* [[Ethange]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - H13}}
* [[Puvaŋeŋo]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - Frislander}}
* [[Thud]] {{context|(Vüha Island, c. 0 YP - Nortaneous}}

= Southern languages =
* [[Báxbílâtáxa|Báxbílâtáxa]] {{context|(southern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - [[User:Rorschach|Man in Space]])}}
* [[Klazoo|Klazoo]] {{context|(far southern Peilaš, c. -200 YP)}}
* [[Sáśaravi|Sáśaravi]] {{context|(Còchin Kingdom, southern Peilaš, c. -1000 YP - [[User:Thethief3|Thethief3]])}}
* [[Stuhmì|Stuhmì]] {{context|(southern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - [[User:Rorschach|Man in Space]])}}
* [[Tathketer|Tathketer]] {{context|(southern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - [[User:Rorschach|Man in Space]])}}
* [[Tmèktol|Tmèktol]] {{context|(southern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - [[User:Rorschach|Man in Space]])}}
* [[Màpxèracáma|Màpxèracáma]] {{context|(somewhere in southern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - [[User:kodane|kodane, a.k.a, kodé]])}}

[[Category:Languages|*]]

Languages of Akana

2020-05-19T03:08:59Z

Kodane: /* Southern languages */

{{Article}}
[[Image:Peilaš_linguistic_0YP.jpg|thumb|right|500px|A linguistic map of Peilaš around 0 YP, showing the approximate distribution of the major language families. From west to east:<br>
<ul><li>Gray-blue: [[Lukpanic languages]]</li>
<li>Purple: [[Western languages]]</li>
<li>Pink: [[Dimana Lokud|Lokud languages]]</li>
<li>Gold: [[!Ho languages]]</li>
<li>Blue: [[Macro-Edastean languages]]
<ul><li>Light blue: [[Xoronic languages]]</li>
<li>Medium blue: [[Edastean languages]]</li>
<li>Slightly darker medium blue: Other [[Talo-Edastean languages]] (Talo, Zod & Antaggic)</li></ul></li>
<li>Yellow: [[Hitatc languages]]</li>
<li>Red: [[Eigə-Isthmus languages]]
<ul><li>Dark red: Eigə Valley languages</li>
<li>Bright red: Isthmus languages</li></ul></li>
<li>Dark green: [[Peninsular languages]]</li>
<li>Orange: [[Isles languages]]</li>
<li>Bright green: [[Núalís-Takuña languages]]</li>
<li>Brown: [[Mbingmik languages]] ''(on Tuysáfa)''</li>
<li>Olive green: [[Wendoth|Wendoth languages]] ''(on Tuysáfa)''</li></ul>]]

= [[Isles languages]] =
{{/Isles}}

= [[Macro-Edastean languages]] =
== [[Talo-Edastean languages]] ==
*[[Proto-Talo-Edastean]] {{context|(Bwimbai valley, c. -2500 YP)}}
==== [[Edastean languages]] ====
{{/Edastean}}
==== Talo languages ====
*[[Tlaliolz]] {{context|(Lu Tal, c. 100-300 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius Solis]])}}
==== Zod languages ====
*[[User:Radius/Zod|Zod]] {{context|(Šišin mountains, c. 500 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius Solis]])}}
==== Antaggic languages ====
* Antagg {{context|(Bwimbai valley, c. -1500 YP - [[User:Salmoneus|Salmoneus]])}}
** Mohudza
*** Móyay

== [[Xoronic languages]] ==
* [[Proto-Xoronic]] {{context|(Eiwəl Gourun, c. -3500 - -2500 YP - pocketful of songs)}}
** [[Habeo languages]]: {{context|(Eiwəl Gourun, c. -1000 - 1000 YP - pocketful of songs)}}
*** Hill Habeo
*** Plains Habeo
*** River Habeo
** [[Damak]]

= [[Eigə-Isthmus languages]] =
{{/Eigə-Isthmus}}

= [[Western languages]] =
{{/Western}}

= [[Lukpanic languages]] =
{{/Lukpanic}}

= Tulameya languages =
* [[Proto-Tulameya]] {{context|(western Lukpanic coast, c. -2100 YP - [[User:Thedukeofnuke|Thedukeofnuke]])}}

= Lokud languages =
* [[Dimana Lokud]] {{context|(Western mountains, c. -2000 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}

= Tæm-Hou languages =
== [[Peninsular languages]] ==
{{/Peninsular}}
== [[Hitatc languages]] ==
{{/Hitatc}}

= !Ho languages =
* [[Ancient !Ho]] {{context|(central Xšalad, c. -2200 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}
** [[Xšali]] (Xša) {{context|(central Xšalad, c. 100 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}
** [[!Huwan]] {{context|(somewhere in Xšalad, c. 100 YP - tentative)}}

= Núalís-Takuña languages =
{{/Núalís-Takuña}}

= [[Ronquian languages]] =
{{/Ronquian}}

= [[Leic languages]] =
{{/Leic}}

= Wendoth languages =
* [[Pre-Wendoth]] {{context|(western Tuysáfa, c. -3000 YP - [[User:Alces|Alces]])}}
** [[Wendoth]] {{context|(western Tuysáfa, c. -2000 YP - [[User:Alces|Alces]])}}
*** [[Yèwèdu]] {{context|(northwestern Tuysáfa, c. 0 YP - [[User:CatDoom|CatDoom]])}}
*** [[Hỳng]] {{context|(western Tuysáfa, c. -200 YP - [[User:Alces|Alces]])}}
*** Mboroth {{context|(southwestern Tuysáfa, c. 0 YP - [[User:Alces|Alces]])}}

= Mbingmik languages =
* [[Proto-Mbingmik]] {{context|(southwestern Tuysáfa, c. -2000 YP - [[User:Cedh|Cedh]])}}

= Muyan languages =
* [[Proto-Muyan]] {{context|(northwestern Tuysáfa, c. -2000 YP - [[User:Frislander|Frislander]])}}
** [[Omok]] {{context|(northwestern Tuysáfa, c. -500 YP - [[User:Frislander|Frislander]])}}

= [[Dumic languages]] =
{{/Dumic}}

= [[T1 languages]] =
{{/T1}}

= Macro-Anatolionesian languages =
* [[Proto-Macro-Anatolionesian]] {{context|(eastern Tuysáfa, c. -4000 YP)}}
** [[Proto-Anatolionesian]] {{context|(Kyosshin & Ōshin, c. -1200 YP)}}
*** [[Imperial Ōmishiman]] {{context|(Ōmishima, c. 2500 YP - [[User:Thedukeofnuke|Thedukeofnuke]])}}

= Northeastern Tuysáfa languages =
* [[Proto-Northeastern]] {{context|(northeastern Tuysáfa, c. -6000 YP - [[User:NeonFox|NeonFox]])}}

= Kopian languages =
* [[Jamna Kopiai]] {{context|(Zeluzh savanna, c. 1500 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}

= Damo-Tingreya languages =
* [[Jamna Kopiai/Tipatirápai|Tipatirápai]] {{context|(Zeluzh savanna, c. 1500 YP - [[User:Radius|Radius]])}}

= Team B languages =
* [[Dzoqi]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - akam chinjir}}
* [[Ethange]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - H13}}
* [[Puvaŋeŋo]] {{context|(southwestern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - Frislander}}
* [[Thud]] {{context|(Vüha Island, c. 0 YP - Nortaneous}}

= Southern languages =
* [[Báxbílâtáxa|Báxbílâtáxa]] {{context|(southern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - [[User:Rorschach|Man in Space]])}}
* [[Klazoo|Klazoo]] {{context|(far southern Peilaš, c. -200 YP)}}
* [[Sáśaravi|Sáśaravi]] {{context|(Còchin Kingdom, southern Peilaš, c. -1000 YP - [[User:Thethief3|Thethief3]])}}
* [[Stuhmì|Stuhmì]] {{context|(southern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - [[User:Rorschach|Man in Space]])}}
* [[Tathketer|Tathketer]] {{context|(southern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - [[User:Rorschach|Man in Space]])}}
* [[Tmèktol|Tmèktol]] {{context|(southern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - [[User:Rorschach|Man in Space]])}}
* [[Màpxèracáma|Màpxèracáma]]{{context|(somewhere in southern Peilaš, c. 0 YP - [[User:kodane|Kodé]])}}

[[Category:Languages|*]]

Màpxèracáma

2020-05-19T03:07:32Z

Kodane:

Màpxèracáma is a Southern language (Team A). Currently, Akanan anthropologists are researching the culture of these speakers...

== Phonology and Nominal Morphology ==

[https://peterguekguezian.files.wordpress.com/2020/05/post-proto-southern-grammar-sketch.pdf Phonology and Nominal Morphology]

Here's a ''very'' meager PDF with a short phonological sketch and some declension. Basically so that you have something to look at while our finest Akanan linguists are compiling more information!

== Verbal Morphology and Syntax ==

To come!

== Lexicon ==

Not yet!

Màpxèracáma

2020-05-19T03:04:56Z

Kodane: Created page with "Màpxèracáma is a Southern language. Currently, Akanan anthropologists are researching the culture of these speakers... == Phonology and Nominal Morphology == [https://pet..."

Màpxèracáma is a Southern language. Currently, Akanan anthropologists are researching the culture of these speakers...

== Phonology and Nominal Morphology ==

[https://peterguekguezian.files.wordpress.com/2020/05/post-proto-southern-grammar-sketch.pdf Phonology and Nominal Morphology]

Here's a ''very'' meager PDF with a short phonological sketch and some declension. Basically so that you have something to look at while our finest Akanan linguists are compiling more information!

== Verbal Morphology and Syntax ==

To come!

== Lexicon ==

Not yet!